, a new genus and species of Chilocorini from Tibet, China (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae).

A new monotypic genus of Chilocorini, Li & Wang, , with a new species Li et Wang, . is described from Tibet, China. All diagnostic features are illustrated.

A new species of the genus Weise from China (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae, Chilocorini).

A new species Li & Wang, is described. The only other species recorded from China is Miyatake, 1970 and it is described here for comparison. Diagnoses, detailed descriptions, illustrations, and distributions are provided.

Discovery of a New World ladybird beetle Gordon, 1996 (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Scymnini) on the Island of Taiwan.

Background: Gordon, 1996 was imported into Taiwan from Hawaii in 1990 as a biological control agent for the spiralling whitefly, Russell, 1965 (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae). However, its establishment was not known prior to this study.

New Information: Gordon, 1996, a natural enemy of Russell (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) native to the Neotropical region, is recorded as established in Taiwan for the first time.

A taxonomic review of the genus Weise from China, with description of a new species (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae).

Five species of the genus Weise, 1901 from China are revised, including the description of a new species, Chen & Ren, Hoàng, 1979 is reported from China for the first time. A key to the species from China is provided. Nomenclatural history, diagnoses, detailed descriptions, illustrations, and distribution for each species have been provided.

Wolbachia Has Two Different Localization Patterns in Whitefly Bemisia tabaci AsiaII7 Species.

The whitefly Bemisia tabaci is a cosmopolitan insect species complex that harbors the obligate primary symbiont Portiera aleyrodidarum and several facultative secondary symbionts including Wolbachia, which have diverse influences on the host biology. Here, for the first time, we revealed two different localization patterns of Wolbachia present in the immature and adult stages of B. tabaci AsiaII7 cryptic species.

The Ifchit1 chitinase gene acts as a critical virulence factor in the insect pathogenic fungus Isaria fumosorosea.

The filamentous fungus, Isaria fumosorosea, is a promising insect biological control agent. Chitinases have been implicated in targeting insect cuticle structures, with biotechnological potential in insect and fungal control. The I.

Revision of the subgenus Orthoscymnus Canepari of Scymnus Kugelann (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae), with descriptions of four new species.

The subgenus Orthoscymnus Canepari, 1997 of Scymnus Kugelann, 1794 is herein revised. Seven species of the Orthoscymnus fauna are recognized, of which four species, Scymnus (Orthoscymnus) jilongicus sp. n.

A contribution to Asian Afidentula Kapur (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae, Epilachnini).

Two new species of Afidentula, Afidentuladentata sp. n. and Afidentulajinpingensis sp.

Status of insecticide resistance and selection for imidacloprid resistance in the ladybird beetle Propylaea japonica (Thunberg).

Field populations or strains of Propylaea japonica collected from four places in southern China (Guangzhou, Nanning, Guilin, and Yuxi) were tested for susceptibility to four insecticides (abamectin, imidacloprid, beta-cypermethrin, and chlorpyrifos) by the Petri-dish Potter tower method and compared with an insecticide-susceptible strain. Concentrations that proved lethal for 50% of the tested individuals (LC50) were estimated by probit analysis, and resistance factors (RF) were calculated at the LC50 level, which ranged from 1.6 to 10.

Contribution to the genus Xanthocorus Miyatake (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae, Chilocorini).

The genus Xanthocorus Miyatake, 1970 consists of three species from China, including two new species described here: Xanthocorusnigrosuturalis sp. n. and Xanthocorusmucronatus sp.

Tumidusternus, a new genus of Aspidimerini from China (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae).

Tumidusternus gen. n., along with Tumidusternusfujianensis sp.

The intracellular bacterium Wolbachia uses parasitoid wasps as phoretic vectors for efficient horizontal transmission.

Facultative bacterial endosymbionts are associated with many arthropods and are primarily transmitted vertically from mother to offspring. However, phylogenetic affiliations suggest that horizontal transmission must also occur. Such horizontal transfer can have important biological and agricultural consequences when endosymbionts increase host fitness.

Molecular cloning and characterization of a β-1,3-glucan recognition protein from Plutella xylostella (L.).

The β-glucan recognition proteins (βGRPs) play a significant role as important pattern recognition proteins (PRPs) for recognizing conserved surface determinants of pathogens and trigger complex signaling pathways in invertebrates. In the present study, a full-length cDNA 1793bp encoding 479 amino acids and βGRP1 was obtained from Plutella xylostella by reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) (designed as P×βGRP1) which showed significant similarities with other insect's βGRPs. The transcription level was constitutively expressed and upregulated by microbial induction in all life stages of P.

A new species and first record of the genus Cynegetis Chevrolat (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae, Epilachnini) from China.

The first species of the genus Cynegetis Chevrolat is recorded from China. Cynegetischinensis Wang & Ren, sp. n.

De novo sequencing-based transcriptome and digital gene expression analysis reveals insecticide resistance-relevant genes in Propylaea japonica (Thunberg) (Coleoptea: Coccinellidae).

The ladybird Propylaea japonica (Thunberg) is one of most important natural enemies of aphids in China. This species is threatened by the extensive use of insecticides but genomics-based information on the molecular mechanisms underlying insecticide resistance is limited. Hence, we analyzed the transcriptome and expression profile data of P.

RNAi-mediated knockdown of serine protease inhibitor genes increases the mortality of Plutella xylostella challenged by destruxin A.

Destruxin A is a mycotoxin that is secreted by entomopathogenic fungi which has a broad-spectrum insecticidal effect. Previous transcript and protein profiling analysis showed that destruxin A has significant effects on the expression of serine protease inhibitor genes (serpin-2, 4, 5) in the larvae of Plutella xylostella. In the current study, we aimed to understand the role of serpins under application of destruxin A.

Extracellular lipase of an entomopathogenic fungus effecting larvae of a scale insect.

Lipases play an important role in the infection process of entomopathogenic fungi by hydrolyzing the ester bonds of lipoproteins, fats and waxes present on the insect surface and in the body. Here we report the purification and characterization of an extracellular lipase from Isaria fumosorosea. The enzyme was purified (138.

Host suitability comparison between the MEAM1 and AsiaII 1 cryptic species of Bemisia tabaci in cotton-growing zones of Pakistan.

Background: Bemisia tabaci is a cryptic species complex. In Pakistan, members of the complex, MEAM1 and AsiaII 1, are the predominant species infesting cotton. The biology of the two on cotton, collard, cucumber and tomato was studied.

Efficiency of plant induced volatiles in attracting Encarsia formosa and Serangium japonicum, two dominant natural enemies of whitefly Bemisia tabaci in China.

Background: Whitefly Bemisia tabaci is a globally distributed and most destructive pest to agriculture. Owing to increasing chemical resistance, a long-lasting strategy to manage this pest must involve biological control. Herbivore-induced plant volatiles (HIPVs) usually play a profoundly important role in the foraging behaviour of natural enemies.

The genus Microserangium Miyatake (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae) from China.

The genus Microserangium Chapinfrom China is reviewed. Nine species are recognized, including seven new species: M. erythrinum Wang & Ren, sp.

The genus Aspidimerus Mulsant, 1850 (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae) from China, with descriptions of two new species.

Chinese members of the genus Aspidimerus Mulsant, 1850 are reviewed. Ten species are recognized, including two new species: A. zhenkangicus Huo & Ren, sp.

Transcriptome analysis of chlorantraniliprole resistance development in the diamondback moth Plutella xylostella.

Background: The diamondback moth Plutella xyllostella has developed a high level of resistance to the latest insecticide chlorantraniliprole. A better understanding of P. xylostella's resistance mechanism to chlorantraniliprole is needed to develop effective approaches for insecticide resistance management.

Effects of destruxins on free calcium and hydrogen ions in insect hemocytes.

Destruxins, cyclohexadepsipeptidic mycotoxins isolated from the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae, inhibit innate insect immunity. However, their mechanism of action remains unclear. In this study, the effects of destruxins on changes in free calcium and hydrogen ions in the hemocytes of Exolontha serrulata, Bombyx mori and the Spodoptera litura SL-1 cell line were detected using laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM).

Molecular characterization of a short peptidoglycan recognition protein (PGRP-S) from Asian corn borer (Ostrinia furnacalis) and its role in triggering proPO activity.

Peptidoglycan recognition proteins (PGRPs) are non-specific immune molecules of insects, and vertebrates etc., but are not present in plants and nematodes. In the current experiment, a PGRP DNA sequence (2,910 bp containing four exons) was identified from genomic DNA library of Asian corn borer, Ostrinia furnacalis, and a full-length cDNA programming PGRP was cloned (designed as OfPGRP-S) with an open reading frame of 579 bp, having 192 amino acid.

Antioxidant enzyme influences germination, stress tolerance, and virulence of Isaria fumosorosea.

Antioxidizing enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidae) are important enzymatic systems used to degrade hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen, thereby lowering intracellular hydrogen peroxide levels. Entomopathogenic fungi display increased activities of antioxidizing enzymes during growth and germination, which is necessary to counteract the hyperoxidant state produced by oxidative metabolism. We studied the influence of different carbon sources on antioxidizing enzyme production by Isaria fumosorosea to determine the importance of antioxiding enzymes induction in fungal germination, stress tolerance and virulence.