Helpfulness of effective atomic number image in forensic dental identification: Photon-counting computed tomography is suitable.

The identities of unidentified persons are often confirmed by matching dental treatment information. Although treatment restorations consisting of artificial materials can be confirmed visually and/or by X-ray photography, they should be quantitatively analyzed. This study demonstrates that effective atomic number (Z) images can be created using photon-counting computed tomography (PC-CT) and used to identify artificial materials employed in dentistry.

Central dentinogenic ghost cell tumor of the maxilla: a case report with new imaging findings and review of the literature.

A dentinogenic ghost cell tumor (DGCT) is a rare benign odontogenic tumor that commonly shows characteristics of solid proliferation and has a relatively high risk of recurrence after surgical treatment. We herein report a case of a central DGCT that occurred in the maxilla and resulted in bone expansion. This study highlights new imaging findings (particularly magnetic resonance imaging) along with histopathological observations.

Imaging characteristics of incidentally detected cosmetic surgery-derived foreign bodies on CT images in the maxillofacial region.

Objectives: This study examined the imaging characteristics of cosmetic surgery-derived foreign bodies in the maxillofacial region through a retrospective review of cosmetic material foreign bodies incidentally detected on computed tomography (CT) images in routine clinical practice.

Methods: We retrospectively investigated cases of cosmetic surgery-derived foreign bodies other than dental materials in the maxillofacial region, using 5 years of CT image data stored on an imaging server. The imaging findings of these foreign bodies were investigated, along with patient age, patient sex, whether the foreign bodies were associated with the disease targeted by the CT scan, and the availability of cosmetic surgery information prior to examination.

An imaging‑based diagnostic approach to vascular anomalies of the oral and maxillofacial region.

The accurate diagnosis of vascular anomalies (VAs) is considered a challenging endeavor. Misdiagnosis of VAs can lead clinicians in the wrong direction, such as the performance of an unnecessary biopsy or inappropriate surgical procedures, which can potentially lead to unforeseen consequences and increase the risk of patient injury. The purpose of the present study was to develop an approach for the diagnosis of VAs of the oral and maxillofacial region based on computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI).

Semi-enzymatic acceleration of oxidative protein folding by -methylated heteroaromatic thiols.

We report the first example of a synthetic thiol-based compound that promotes oxidative protein folding upon 1-equivalent loading to the disulfide bonds in the client protein to afford the native form in over 70% yield. -Methylation is a central post-translational processing of proteins for regulating functions including chaperone activities. Despite the universally observed biochemical reactions in nature, -methylation has hardly been utilized in the design, functionalization, and switching of synthetic bioregulatory agents, particularly folding promotors.

Cysteine-based protein folding modulators for trapping intermediates and misfolded forms.

Folding is a key process to form functional conformations of proteins. Folding on-pathway intermediates leads to the formation of native structures, while folding through off-pathways affords non-native and disease-causing forms. Trapping folding intermediates and misfolded forms is important for investigating folding mechanisms and disease-related biological properties of the misfolded proteins.

Collision tumor of small cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma of the maxillary sinus: Case report.

A collision tumor refers to the coexistence of two diagnostically distinct tumors in a common anatomic space. Collision tumors are rare in the oral and maxillofacial region. The present study reported on the case of an 82-year-old female with a collision tumor in the maxillary sinus consisting of small cell carcinoma (SmCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC).

Influence of mesiodens on adjacent teeth and the timing of its safe removal.

Purpose: To focus on the effects of the presence of mesiodens on adjacent teeth and to investigate the timing of its safe removal.

Materials And Methods: Cone-beam computed tomography examinations, obtained at Okayama University Hospital over a three-year period, were inspected. Data were recorded including the number of mesiodens; associated abnormalities; and the relationship with neighboring structures.

Ultrasound procedure for the diagnosis of mass lesions in the oral region.

Objectives: To examine the diagnostic usefulness and procedures of ultrasonography (US) for mass lesions in the soft tissue of the oral region.

Methods: This study involved patients with mass lesions (tumorous lesions and cysts) who had undergone US and histopathological examinations from January 2017 to December 2019. The following points were evaluated by two observers using an evaluation scale: vascularity, echo intensity level, boundary, margin shape, distribution of internal echoes, and capsule.

Dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI as a predictor of programmed death ligand-1 expression in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) targeting programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) are highly promising therapies for oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). The assessment of PD-L1 expression may help predicting the therapeutic effect of ICIs and, thus, benefit patient selection. Contrast index (CI) parameters derived from dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) have been proven as efficient to assess microvessel density (MVD) in OSCC.

Conjugate of Thiol and Guanidyl Units with Oligoethylene Glycol Linkage for Manipulation of Oxidative Protein Folding.

Oxidative protein folding is a biological process to obtain a native conformation of a protein through disulfide-bond formation between cysteine residues. In a cell, disulfide-catalysts such as protein disulfide isomerase promote the oxidative protein folding. Inspired by the active sites of the disulfide-catalysts, synthetic redox-active thiol compounds have been developed, which have shown significant promotion of the folding processes.

Incidental findings in the thyroid gland on computed tomography images of the oral and maxillofacial region.

The numbers of abnormal findings incidentally detected in adjacent regions are increasing with advances in imaging modalities. The present study aimed to examine the prevalence and characteristics of incidental findings in the thyroid gland on computed tomography (CT) images of the oral and maxillofacial region. CT scans of the oral and maxillofacial region in patients obtained between January 2012 and December 2016 were retrospectively reviewed.

Fourth molar: A retrospective study and literature review of a rare clinical entity.

Purpose: The prevalence of supernumerary teeth has been reported to be between 0.1% and 3.8%.

Coupling effects of thiol and urea-type groups for promotion of oxidative protein folding.

Coupling of thiol and urea-type -NHC([double bond, length as m-dash]X)NH2 (X = O or NH) groups is effective in promoting oxidative protein folding. In particular, a thiol compound coupled with a guanidyl (X = NH) group significantly accelerates the rates of folding processes and enhances the yields of native proteins.

Oropharyngeal adenoid cystic carcinoma invading the mandibular bone through the mandibular foramen.

Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) is a rare epithelial tumor of the head and neck region, and one of the most common malignant tumors of the salivary glands. ACC is a slow-growing tumor characterized by perineural invasion and often has a high-recurrence rate. We describe a case of oropharyngeal ACC invading the mandibular bone through the mandibular foramen that showed a rare pattern of origin and invasion.

Assessment of MRI findings and clinical symptoms in patients with temporomandibular joint disorders.

Objectives: To investigate the correlations among various temporomandibular joint (TMJ) findings on MRI and the relationships between MRI findings and symptoms.

Methods: 425 patients (850 TMJs) with temporomandibular joint disorders (TMDs) who underwent MRI were enrolled. Oblique sagittal proton density-weighted and T weighted images in open- and closed-mouth positions were evaluated.

Incidental finding of papillary thyroid carcinoma on CT examination of mandibular lesion: Case report.

The number of significant incidental findings identified on radiographic examinations has increased. In total, 169 patients, 87 males and 82 females, with a mean age of 67.3 years (range, 17-92 years), as well as 65 patients (38.

Surface precipitates formed on annealed LSAT (001) single crystal.

LSAT (La0.3Sr0.7)(Al0.