Canine regional gastric blood flow measurement using perfusion computed tomography.

This study aimed to determine the feasibility of using perfusion computed tomography (CT) to assess blood flow in different regions of the stomach in dogs. Dynamic perfusion CT scans were conducted on five beagle dogs, and blood flow analysis was performed using the maximum slope and Patlak plot methods. The findings revealed significant variations in blood flow among the fundus, body, and pylorus of the stomach.

Distal Aortic Events following Emergent Aortic Repair for Acute DeBakey Type I Aortic Dissection: An Inverse Probability of Treatment Weighting Analysis.

Objective:  The goal of this study is to examine early and midterm results after surgical treatment of acute DeBakey type I aortic dissection (AIAD) and the effect of the range of aortic arch replacement on overall survival and prevention of distal aortic events.

Methods:  Between March 2002 and July 2020, a total of 374 AIAD aortic repairs were reviewed. A total of 154 (41.

Differences in normal nasal computed tomography findings in different dog breeds.

Background: Computed tomography (CT) is the gold standard for diagnosing canine nasal diseases. However, it cannot easily detect minor abnormalities in inflammatory diseases because they are not accompanied by obvious morphological changes.

Aim: The present study aimed to compare the differences in normal CT findings of turbinate structure and mucosa between breeds to establish criteria for CT diagnosis of inflammatory diseases of the nasal cavity.

Intense impact of IL-1β expressing inflammatory macrophages in acute aortic dissection.

There is no treatment for acute aortic dissection (AAD) targeting inflammatory cells. We aimed to identify the new therapeutic targets associated with inflammatory cells. We characterized the specific distribution of myeloid cells of both human type A AAD samples and a murine AAD model generated using angiotensin II (ANGII) and β-aminopropionitrile (BAPN) by single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq).

Quantitative evaluation of middle ear radiopacity in French bulldogs using X-ray imaging.

Background: Radiographic examination of the middle ear in French bulldogs can be challenging due to their small ear cavity and thick walls. Quantifying opacity on radiographic images is required to determine normal or abnormal results.

Aim: To quantify the radiographic opacity of the middle ear in French bulldogs and create a threshold for objective diagnosis.

Anterolateral thoracotomy with partial sternotomy: a feasible approach for treating the complex pathology of the aortic arch.

Objectives: Our goal was to review our surgical experiences in patients with complex pathologies of the aortic arch who have undergone anterolateral thoracotomy with a partial sternotomy (ALPS).

Methods: From October 2019 to November 2023, a total of 23 patients underwent one-stage repairs of complex pathologies of the aortic arch through the ALPS approach. The mean age was 61.

Postoperative dysphagia as a predictor of functional decline and prognosis after undergoing cardiovascular surgery.

Aims: Post-extubation dysphagia (PED), an often overlooked problem, is a common and serious complication associated with mortality and major morbidity after cardiovascular surgery. Dysphagia is considered an age-related disease, and evaluating its long-term effects is a pressing issue with rapidly progressing ageing worldwide. Therefore, we examined the effect of PED on functional status and long-term cardiovascular events in patients undergoing cardiovascular surgery.

The combination approach with Rhokinase inhibition and mechanical circulatory support in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury: Rho-kinase inhibition and ventricular unloading.

Background: It remains unclear whether the Rho-kinase (ROCK) inhibition in combination with mechanical circulatory support (MCS) had a synergic protective effect on myocardial ischemia (MI)/reperfusion injury in therapeutic strategies for acute myocardial infarction (AMI). We report the results of an approach using a rat model consisting of a miniaturized cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and AMI.

Methods: A total of 25 male Wistar rats were randomized into 5 groups: (1) Sham: a suture was passed under the left anterior descending artery (LAD) creating no MI.

Bypass Grafting to Circumflex: Left Internal Thoracic Artery versus Saphenous Vein.

Background: This study aimed to compare the short- and long-term outcomes of saphenous vein grafts (SVGs) and in situ left internal thoracic artery (LITA) grafts to the left circumflex artery (LCX) territory.

Methods: This study included 678 patients who underwent LITA-left anterior descending (LAD) + SVG-LCX grafts and 286 patients who underwent right internal thoracic artery (RITA)-LAD + in situ LITA-LCX grafts from January 2002 to December 2020. Short-term and long-term clinical outcomes were compared using inverse probability of treatment weighting adjustment to reduce selection bias.

Very-long-term outcomes of mechanical valves in mitral position focusing on valve-related complications.

Objectives: This study aimed to examine very-long-term outcomes of a mechanical valve at the mitral position.

Methods: This study included all patients who underwent mitral valve replacement (MVR) using a mechanical valve including urgent operation at the Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Hyogo Brain and Heart Center, Himeji, from January 1987 to December 2015.

Results: Five hundred and eighty-three patients (277 men [47.

Distal Stent Graft-Induced New Entry after Total Arch Replacement with Frozen Elephant Trunk for Aortic Dissection.

Distal stent graft-induced new entry (dSINE), defined as a new tear caused by a stent graft, has been increasingly observed following total arch replacement using frozen elephant trunk (FET) for aortic dissection. We aimed to investigate the incidence and treatment of dSINE after the use of FET. This retrospective study evaluated 70 patients who underwent total arch replacement using FET for aortic dissection between August 2014 and March 2020.

Recurrent Pulmonary Embolism Caused by Superficial Femoral Vein Aneurysm.

Venous aneurysms (VA), particularly superficial femoral VAs (SFVAs), are rare vascular lesions. A 65-year-old woman with a history of pulmonary embolism (PE), treated with tissue plasminogen activator and oral anticoagulation, was admitted to hospital for dyspnea. Enhanced computed tomography showed recurrent PE and right SFVA with a mural thrombus.

AdipoRon Attenuates Inflammation and Impairment of Cardiac Function Associated With Cardiopulmonary Bypass-Induced Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome.

Background Cardiac surgery using cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) frequently provokes a systemic inflammatory response syndrome, which is triggered by TLR4 (Toll-like receptor 4) and TNF-α (tumor necrosis factor α) signaling. Here, we investigated whether the adiponectin receptor 1 and 2 agonist AdipoRon modulates CPB-induced inflammation and cardiac dysfunction. Methods and Results Rats underwent CPB with deep hypothermic circulatory arrest and were finally weaned from the heart-lung machine.

Evaluation of cerebral blood flow in the hippocampus, thalamus, and basal ganglia and the volume of the hippocampus in dogs before and during treatment with prednisolone.

Objective: To examine whether glucocorticoid (GC) administration alters hippocampal cerebral blood flow (CBF) or volume in dogs.

Animals: 6 clinically normal adult Beagles.

Procedures: Each dog underwent CT and MRI to measure the CBF in the hippocampus, basal ganglia, thalamus, and cerebral cortex and the volume of the hippocampus in each hemisphere of the brain before (day 0) and during (days 7 and 21) a 21-day treatment with prednisolone (1.

Aortic root remodeling in bicuspid and tricuspid aortic valves-long-term results.

Background: Root remodeling is one form of valve-preserving root replacement to treat patients with aortic regurgitation (AR) and root aneurysm. We have consistently used it for patients with and without connective tissue disease and different aortic valve morphologies. The objective of this retrospective study was to review 23 years of experience with root remodeling.

Geometry of cusp and root determines aortic valve function.

The aortic valve is the functional unit of cusp and root. Various geometrical and functional analyses for the aortic valve unit have been executed to understand normal valve configuration and improve aortic valve repair. Different concepts and procedures have then been proposed for reparative approach, and aortic valve repair is still not standardized like mitral valve repair.

Long-term Outcomes After Pulmonary Endarterectomy in 499 Patients Over a 20-Year Period.

Background: Pulmonary endarterectomy (PEA) is a curative treatment for chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH). Pulmonary hypertension (PH) after PEA is not uncommon, and its impact on long-term outcomes is poorly understood. We investigated the effects of residual PH on current long-term survival and on postoperative status.

An Evaluation of the Learning Curve in Pulmonary Endarterectomy Using Propensity Score Matching.

Objective: Pulmonary endarterectomy (PEA) is the only causative, but demanding treatment of choice for chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH). We analyzed our results with PEA to evaluate the learning curve.

Methods: Consecutive 499 patients who underwent PEA between 1995 and 2014 were divided into two groups according to the temporal order: early cohort ( = 200, December 1995-March 2006), and late cohort ( = 299, March 2006-December 2014).

Bilateral papillary muscle repositioning: successful repair of functional mitral regurgitation in dilative cardiomyopathy.

Objectives: Functional mitral regurgitation (FMR) in patients with non-ischaemic dilative cardiomyopathy (DCM) is associated with heart failure and poor outcome. Aggressively undersized annuloplasty as an annular solution for a ventricular problem ameliorates heart failure but may be associated with recurrent FMR and does not improve survival. We sought to analyse if moderately undersized annuloplasty with repositioning of both papillary muscles can lead to improved valve stability and outcome in patients with DCM and FMR.

(Almost) All Nonstenotic Bicuspid Aortic Valves Should Be Preserved or Repaired.

Valve preservation or repair of the regurgitant bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) minimizes valve-related complications. The purpose of the current analysis was to determine the proportion of BAVs than can be repaired. Between 2000 and 9/2018, 1168 operations for BAV without stenotic pathology were performed.