Successful laparoscopic arterial ligation of splenic artery aneurysm with a splenomesenteric trunk: a case report and literature review.

Background: The mortality rate of splenic artery aneurysm rupture is very high, and patients with aneurysms larger than 30 mm are recommended for treatment, regardless of the presence or absence of symptoms. We herein report a case of splenic artery aneurysm with an abnormal bifurcation that was treated with laparoscopic ligation of the splenic artery.

Case Presentation: A 51 year-old Japanese male was referred to our hospital because a splenic artery aneurysm was noted on abdominal echocardiography during a medical examination.

Lipoprotein metabolism mediates hematopoietic stem cell responses under acute anemic conditions.

Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) react to various stress conditions. However, it is unclear whether and how HSCs respond to severe anemia. Here, we demonstrate that upon induction of acute anemia, HSCs rapidly proliferate and enhance their erythroid differentiation potential.

FOXO1 stimulates tip cell-enriched gene expression in endothelial cells.

box O (FOXO) family proteins are expressed in various cells, and play crucial roles in cellular metabolism, apoptosis, and aging. FOXO1-null mice exhibit embryonic lethality due to impaired endothelial cell (EC) maturation and vascular remodeling. However, FOXO1-mediated genome-wide regulation in ECs remains unclear.

Endovascular treatment of postoperative hemorrhage after pancreatectomy: a retrospective study.

Background: Ruptured aneurysm is a serious complication of distal pancreatectomy (DP) or pancreatoduodenectomy (PD) that can be life-threatening if not treated promptly. This study aimed to examine the efficacy of a Viabahn stent graft for stopping bleeding after pancreatectomy.

Methods: Between April 2016 and June 2022, we performed 245 pancreatectomies in our institution.

Endovascular Repair for Abdominal Aneurysm with Concomitant Aortoiliac Vein Fistula Diagnosed by Four-Dimensional Computed Tomography.

A 78-year-old man complaining of left leg swelling was diagnosed with an abdominal aortic aneurysm with an irregular margin. A four-dimensional computed tomography (CT) showed an aortoiliac vein fistula. An AFX stent graft was urgently implanted, and a Viabahn VBX was inserted into the left iliac vein.

Retracted: Chest digital dynamic radiography to detect changes in human pulmonary perfusion in response to alveolar hypoxia.

Introduction: Hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction optimises oxygenation in the lung by matching the local-blood perfusion to local-ventilation ratio upon exposure to alveolar hypoxia. It plays an important role in various pulmonary diseases, but few imaging evaluations of this phenomenon in humans. This study aimed to determine whether chest digital dynamic radiography could detect hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction as changes in pulmonary blood flow in healthy individuals.

A Splice Switch in SIGIRR Causes a Defect of IL-37-Dependent Anti-Inflammatory Activity in Cystic Fibrosis Airway Epithelial Cells.

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a hereditary disease typically characterized by infection-associated chronic lung inflammation. The persistent activation of toll-like receptor (TLR) signals is considered one of the mechanisms for the CF hyperinflammatory phenotype; however, how negative regulatory signals of TLRs associate with CF inflammation is still elusive. Here, we showed that the cell surface expression of a single immunoglobulin interleukin-1 receptor (IL-1R)-related molecule (SIGIRR), a membrane protein essential for suppressing TLRs- and IL-1R-dependent signals, was remarkably decreased in CF airway epithelial cells compared to non-CF cells.

The usefulness of vertebral needle targeting simulation training system using ray-summation imaging: experimental study.

Purpose: Using the multi-detector computed tomography and related three-dimensional imaging technology, we developed a vertebral needle targeting simulation training system named spinal needling intervention practice using ray-summation imaging (SNIPURS). Herein, we assessed the utility of SNIPURS by evaluating changes in the learning curves of SNIPURS trainees.

Methods: Twenty-one examinees were enrolled: seven experienced operators (expert group), seven trainees with coaching (coaching group), and seven trainees without coaching (non-coaching group).

Dose length product and outcome of CT fluoroscopy-guided interventions using a new 320-detector row CT scanner with deep-learning reconstruction and new bow-tie filter.

Objectives: To investigate the dose length product (DLP) and outcomes of CT fluoroscopy (CTF)-guided interventions using a novel 320-detector row CT scanner with deep-learning reconstruction (DLR) and a new bow-tie filter ( Aquilion ONE Prism Edition) and compare with a 320-detector row CT system without DLR and the new bow-tie filter ( Aquilion ONE Vision Edition) (Vision).

Methods: CTF-guided interventions performed using Prism and Vision were retrospectively investigated in terms of the technical success rates, clinical success rates of biopsies, complications, DLPs of total CT scans (total DLPs) from February 2019 to January 2021. The total CT scans included pre-interventional CT scans, CTF scans during the CTF-guided procedure, additional CT scans for additional treatment, CTF scans for additional treatment, and post-interventional CT scans.

Metformin suppresses epithelial sodium channel hyperactivation and its associated phenotypes in a mouse model of obstructive lung diseases.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the leading causes of death in the world, and has no radical treatment. Inhibition of amiloride-sensitive epithelial sodium ion channel (ENaC) has now been considered as a potential therapeutic target against COPD. One possible modulator of ENaC is AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), a key molecule that controls a wide variety of cellular signals; however, little is known about whether metformin, a clinically available AMPK activator, has a protective role against ENaC-associated chronic pulmonary phenotypes, such as emphysema and pulmonary dysfunction.

CT-guided bone biopsy using electron density maps from dual-energy CT.

Computed tomography (CT) -guided bone biopsy is a diagnostic procedure performed on the musculoskeletal system with a high diagnostic yield and low complications. However, CT-guided bone biopsy has the disadvantage that it is difficult to confirm the presence of tumor cells during the biopsy procedure. Recently, the clinical benefits of dual-energy CT (DECT) over single-energy CT have been revealed.

First experience of efficacy and radiation exposure in 320-detector row CT fluoroscopy-guided interventions.

Objective: We investigated the efficacy and exposure to radiation in 320-detector row computed tomography fluoroscopy-guided (CTF-guided) interventions.

Methods: We analysed 231 320-detector row CTF-guided interventions (207 patients over 2 years and 6 months) in terms of technical success rates, clinical success rates, complications, scanner settings, overall radiation doses (dose-length product, mGy*cm), patient doses of peri-interventional CT series, and interventional CT (including CTF), as a retrospective cohort study. The relationships between patient radiation dose and interventional factors were assessed using multivariate analysis.

Detection of Shunting Into Pulmonary Artery on Multidetector Row Computed Tomography Arteriography Before Bronchial Arterial Embolization: A Preliminary Study.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the diagnostic performance of detecting systemic arterial pulmonary circulation shunts on multidetector row computed tomography arteriography (MDCTA).

Methods: Thirty-five consecutive bronchial artery embolization sessions with preprocedural MDCTA were performed for 32 patients and 35 sessions. The MDCTA studies with computed tomography value of pulmonary trunk visually lower than that of ascending aorta were defined as "diagnostic MDCTA.

Combined effects of cisplatin and photon or proton irradiation in cultured cells: radiosensitization, patterns of cell death and cell cycle distribution.

The purpose of the current study was to investigate the biological effects of protons and photons in combination with cisplatin in cultured cells and elucidate the mechanisms responsible for their combined effects. To evaluate the sensitizing effects of cisplatin against X-rays and proton beams in HSG, EMT6 and V79 cells, the combination index, a simple measure for quantifying synergism, was estimated from cell survival curves using software capable of performing the Monte Carlo calculation. Cell death and apoptosis were assessed using live cell fluorescence imaging.

Higher Blood Uric Acid in Female Humans and Mice as a Protective Factor against Pathophysiological Decline of Lung Function.

The oxidant/antioxidant imbalance plays a pivotal role in the lung. Uric acid (UA), an endogenous antioxidant, is highly present in lung tissue, however, its impact on lung function under pathophysiological conditions remains unknown. In this work, pharmacological and genetic inhibition of UA metabolism in experimental mouse models of acute and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) revealed that increased plasma UA levels improved emphysematous phenotype and lung dysfunction in accordance with reduced oxidative stress specifically in female but not in male mice, despite no impact of plasma UA induction on the pulmonary phenotypes in nondiseased mice.

Bronchial artery embolization for haemothorax and haemoptysis caused by primary lung cancer.

Primary lung cancer (PLC) presents with various symptoms. However, there have been no reports of PLC causing haemothorax and haemoptysis simultaneously. We present an unusual case of massive haemothorax and haemoptysis caused by a PLC, in which haemostasis was secured with interventional radiology.

Transcatheter arterial embolization for unruptured renal angiomyolipoma using a 1.8-Fr tip microballoon catheter with a mixture of ethanol and Lipiodol.

Background: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of transcatheter arterial embolization for renal angiomyolipoma using a 1.8-French tip microballoon catheter and a mixture of ethanol and Lipiodol.

Methods: Seven consecutive patients with total of eight angiomyolipomas underwent this procedure between June 2014 and June 2017.

Azithromycin Inhibits Constitutive Airway Epithelial Sodium Channel Activation in Vitro and Modulates Downstream Pathogenesis in Vivo.

Epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) is an amiloride-sensitive sodium ion channel that is expressed in epithelial tissues. ENaC overexpression and/or hyperactivation in airway epithelial cells cause sodium over-absorption and dysregulated ciliary movement for mucus clearance; however, the agents that suppress constitutive airway ENaC activation are yet to be clinically available. Here, we focused on macrolides, which are widely used antibiotics that have many potential immunomodulatory effects.

Intratracheal GLP-1 receptor agonist treatment up-regulates mucin via p38 and exacerbates emphysematous phenotype in mucus hypersecretory obstructive lung diseases.

Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is a gastrointestinal hormone that stimulates glucose-mediated insulin production by pancreatic beta cells. It is also associated with protective effects in multiple tissues. GLP-1 receptor is highly expressed in pulmonary tissue, hinting possible pulmonary delivery of GLP-1 drugs.

Auto-measure emphysematous parameters and pathophysiological gene expression profiles in experimental mouse models of acute and chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases.

Pulmonary emphysema, inflammation and senescence-like phenotype are pathophysiological characteristics of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Recently, a murine model of COPD has been established by inducing airway-specific overexpression of epithelial Na channel β subunit (βENaC-Tg mice). However, little is known about the histological and biochemical differences between βENaC-Tg mice and an existing acute emphysematous mouse model (elastase-induced model).

Integrative expression analysis identifies a novel interplay between CFTR and linc-SUMF1-2 that involves CF-associated gene dysregulation.

Cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator (CFTR) is a cyclic AMP-dependent Cl channel, and its dysfunction, due to CFTR gene mutations, causes the lethal inherited disorder cystic fibrosis (CF). To date, widespread dysregulation of certain coding genes in CF airway epithelial cells is well studied and considered as the driver of pulmonary abnormality. However, the involvement of non-coding genes, novel classes of functional RNAs with little or no protein-coding capacity, in the regulation of CF-associated gene dysregulation is poorly understood.

The safety and efficacy of percutaneous vertebroplasty for patients over 90 years old.

Objective: To retrospectively analyze the safety and efficacy of percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) for patients aged 90 or over.

Materials And Methods: We analyzed 130 consecutive patients with osteoporotic vertebral fractures who underwent a first-time PVP between May 2015 and September 2017 at our institution. We divided them into the elder patient group aged 90 years or over (n = 21) and the younger patient group under 90 years (n = 109).