Side-Chain Engineering of Boron β-Dialdiminate Homopolymer for Solvent-Dependent Emission Properties.

Luminescent materials that respond to changes in microscopic chemical conditions are essential for visualizing and evaluating molecular environments. Boron complexes are often employed as robust scaffolds for constructing such responsive systems because of their inherent stimuli-responsive properties. However, in the case of nonresponsive luminophores, the absence of these intrinsic features limits their range of applications.

Regulating the photoluminescence of aluminium complexes from non-luminescence to room-temperature phosphorescence by tuning the metal substituents.

Although luminescent aluminum compounds have been utilized for emitting and electron transporting layers in organic light-emitting diodes, most of them often exhibit not phosphorescence but fluorescence with lower photoluminescent quantum yields in the aggregated state than those in the amorphous state due to concentration quenching. Here we show the synthesis and optical properties of β-diketiminate aluminum complexes, such as crystallization-induced emission (CIE) and room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP), and the substituent effects of the central element. The dihaloaluminum complexes were found to exhibit the CIE property, especially RTP from the diiodo complex, while the dialkyl ones showed almost no emission in both solution and solid states.

Effects of a central element on the photoluminescence properties of β-diketiminate complexes composed of group 13 elements.

Various kinds of boron complexes have been utilized as functional luminescent materials. However, only a limited number of emissive complexes containing other group 13 elements have been reported. Herein, we report the synthesis and optical properties of luminescent β-diketiminate complexes containing a series of group 13 elements.

Effects of Inappropriate Nurturing Experiences, Depressive Rumination, and Trait Anxiety on Depressive Symptoms.

Background: Prior research has shown that inappropriate childhood nurturing experiences (low care and high overprotection), trait anxiety, and depressive rumination are risk factors for depression. However, no studies to date have analyzed the overall association between these factors and depressive symptoms. In the present study, we hypothesized that depressive rumination mediates the impacts of inappropriate childhood nurturing experiences on depressive symptoms, and that these mediating effects are moderated by trait anxiety, and tested these hypotheses in adult volunteers.

Effects of childhood experiences of parental attitude, depressive rumination, and sleep disturbances on adulthood depressive symptoms.

Aim: Various factors are thought to be involved in the development of depression, but the mechanisms are not yet clear. Although several reports have demonstrated that parental attitude experienced in childhood, depressive rumination, and sleep disturbances each influence depressive symptoms, and the association between two of these four variables, to our knowledge, no reports to date have investigated the association among the four variables.

Methods: A questionnaire survey was administered to 576 adults who agreed to participate in this study between April 2017 and April 2018.

The disparity of utilization rate among specific groups for a rapid spreading telehealth application called LEBER during the COVID-19 state of emergency in Japan.

Objectives: The purpose of this research is to describe the social demographics and chief complaints of users of a free medical consultation application in Ibaraki Prefecture, where a free medical consultation application was released.

Methods: The present study included users of a telehealth application in Ibaraki Prefecture between April 9 and May 17, 2020, during the state of emergency. User background characteristics were descriptively analyzed to clarify individual factors with the potential to act as barriers to equally using innovative solutions.

Optimal Physical Activity Is Associated with the Reduction of Depressive Symptoms via Neuroticism and Resilience.

Background: Personality traits, such as neuroticism, that results in vulnerability to stress, and resilience, a measure of stress coping, are closely associated with the onset of depressive symptoms, whereas regular physical activity habits have been shown to reduce depressive symptoms. In this study, the mediating effects of neuroticism and resilience between physical activity duration and depressive symptoms were investigated by a covariance structure analysis.

Methods: Between April 2017 and April 2018, 526 adult volunteers were surveyed using self-administered questionnaires.

Design and Synthesis of Far-Red to Near-Infrared Chromophores with Pyrazine-Based Boron Complexes.

We synthesized new binuclear boron complexes based on pyrazine with ortho and para substitution patterns. It was demonstrated that the para-linked complexes possess a significantly narrow energy gap between highest occupied and lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals (HOMO and LUMO), leading to their far-red to near-infrared emission properties. Meanwhile, the ortho-substituted complex showed orange emission.

Effects of Central Elements on the Properties of Group 13 Dialdiminate Complexes.

Invited for the cover of this issue is the group of Kazuo Tanaka at Kyoto University. The image depicts the element-dependent properties of group 13 dialdiminate complexes Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/chem.

Effects of Central Elements on the Properties of Group 13 Dialdiminate Complexes.

Novel luminescent dialdiminate complexes of the Group 13 elements were prepared to evaluate the effects of the central element on their properties. We demonstrate that their absorption wavelength and the response to Lewis bases apparently depend on the central atom. The aluminum complex exhibited the absorption band in the higher-energy region than the gallium and indium congeners.

Moderating and Mediating Effects of Resilience Together with Neuroticism on Depressive Symptoms in Adult Volunteers.

Background: Parenting quality experienced in childhood affects depressive symptoms in adulthood, and neuroticism and resilience are attracting attention as personality traits that mediate the effects of parental rearing quality experienced in childhood on adulthood depressive symptoms. However, the interaction between neuroticism and resilience remains unclear. In this study, we hypothesized that resilience and neuroticism are mediators between parental rearing quality experienced in childhood and depressive symptoms in adulthood, and furthermore, that resilience and neuroticism interact with each other in their effects on depressive symptoms.

Modulation of Properties by Ion Changing Based on Luminescent Ionic Salts Consisting of Spirobi(boron ketoiminate).

We report development of luminescent ionic salts consisting of the boron ketoiminate structure, which is one of the robust skeletons for expressing aggregation-induced emission (AIE) properties. From the formation of the boron-centered spiro structure with the ketoiminate ligands, we obtained stable ionic salts with variable anions. Since the ionic salts show s below 100 °C, it was shown that these salts can be classified as an ionic liquid.

Molecular design and application of luminescent materials composed of group 13 elements with an aggregation-induced emission property.

Complexation of π-conjugated ligands by metal or semimetal ions leads to the enhancement of the planarity and rigidity of π-conjugated systems. Boron, especially, has played a central role in the design of luminescent main-group complexes. However, these complexes still suffer the disadvantage of aggregation-caused quenching as well as typical organic fluorophores.

Reversible Vapochromic Luminescence Accompanied by Planar Half-Chair Conformational Change of a Propeller-Shaped Boron β-Diketiminate Complex.

Leakage of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) is one of the most severe industrial problems, because it can cause environmental pollution, global warming, fire, and explosion. Hence, the visualization of leakage is an essential technology to detect it at an early stage. Molecular crystals, fluorescence color of which can be changed by the exposure to VOCs could potentially serve as the sensing materials for realizing rapid and facile VOC detection.

A three-dimensional computed tomography angiography study of the anatomy of the accessory middle colic artery and implications for colorectal cancer surgery.

Purpose: In the present study, we focused on the accessory middle colic artery and aimed to increase the safety and curative value of colorectal cancer surgery by investigating the artery course and branching patterns.

Methods: We included 143 cases (mean age, 70.4 ± 11.

[A Case of Large-Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of the Stomach with Multiple Liver Metastases That Show Complete Response to Multidisciplinary Therapy].

A 64-year-old man was diagnosed with advanced gastric cancer based on an endoscopic examination in June 2009; histological findings indicated poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma.Computed tomography revealed multiple liver metastases and bulky lymph node metastases of LN#7.The multiple liver metastases of the gastric cancer were not considered to be candidates for surgical resection, and S-1/CDDP chemotherapy was initiated in July 2009.

Randomly Distributed Conjugated Polymer Repeat Units for High-Efficiency Photovoltaic Materials with Enhanced Solubility and Processability.

Three structurally disordered terpolymer derivatives of PffBT4T-2OD (PCE11), prepared by replacing a varied amount of bithiophene linkers with single thiophenes, were found to exhibit reduced aggregation in solution with increasing thiophene content, while important redox and optoelectronic properties remained similar to those of PffBT4T-2OD. Solar cells based on random terpolymer-PCBM blends exhibited average power conversion efficiencies of over 9.5% when processed with preheated substrates, with fill factors above 70%, exceeding those from PffBT4T-2OD.

Arene-Inserted Extended Germa[n]pericyclynes: Synthesis, Structure, and Phosphorescence Properties.

This report describes the synthesis and characterization of arene-inserted extended (ArEx) germa[n]pericyclynes composed of germanium and 1,4-diethynylbenzene units. These novel cyclic germanium-π unit materials were synthesized with diethynylbenzene and germanium dichloride. X-ray crystallographic analysis revealed their structures, and the planar conformation of ArEx germa[4]pericyclyne along with the regular aromatic rings.

Synthesis of Aggregation-Induced Emission-Active Conjugated Polymers Composed of Group 13 Diiminate Complexes with Tunable Energy Levels via Alteration of Central Element.

Conjugated polymers containing boron and gallium diiminate complexes were prepared with various electron-donating comonomers via pre- and post-complexation methods, respectively. From a comparison of emission quantum yields between solution and film states, it was seen that all polymers containing group 13 elements possessed an aggregation-induced emission property. Additionally, the frontier orbital energies and the optical and electrochemical properties of the polymers can be tuned by altering a central element at the complex moieties as well as by changing a comonomer unit.

Extended germa[N]pericyclynes: synthesis and characterization.

We herein describe the syntheses and characterization of extended germa[N]pericyclynes, which are macrocycles composed of germanium-butadiyne units. The obtained novel extended germa[4]-[8]pericyclynes were characterized by X-ray crystallography, UV-Vis spectroscopy, fluorescence and phosphorescence emission spectroscopy, and cyclic voltammetry, and exhibited characteristic absorptions and emissions. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations suggested smaller HOMO-LUMO gap energy compared to that of general germapericyclynes.

Development of solid-state emissive o-carboranes and theoretical investigation of the mechanism of the aggregation-induced emission behaviors of organoboron "element-blocks".

This paper presents the aggregation-induced emission (AIE) properties of o-carborane derivatives and proposes a potential strategy for constructing AIE-active organoboron complexes via the enhancement of freedom of intramolecular mobility. Initially, the optical properties of o-carborane derivatives with or without the fused ring structure at the C-C bond in o-carborane in which elongation should be induced by photo-excitation according to theoretical calculations were compared. Accordingly, it was shown that large mobility at the C-C bond in o-carborane should be responsible for the annihilation of emission in solution, leading to the AIE property.

[Investigation of rescued cases with cardiac rupture caused by blunt trauma].

The mortality of cardiac rupture by blunt trauma is so high that quick diagnosis and appropriate treatment are essential for saving patients. Based on 8 such cases rescued in our hospital and on 70 other rescued cases reported in Japan, we review its treatment strategy. Ultrasound examination, particularly focused assessment with sonography for trauma (FAST), was useful for diagnosing traumatic cardiac rupture.