The coexistence of low muscle mass and obesity evaluated by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry, rather than low muscle mass or obesity alone, is associated with macrovascular but not microvascular complications in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Aim: The prevalence of the coexistence of low muscle mass and obesity is increasing, particularly with a rising trend observed in patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, the association between the coexistence of low muscle mass and obesity and diabetic complications remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate these associations in patients with T2D.

An engineered dual-functional peptide with high affinity to demineralized dentin enhanced remineralization efficacy and .

Dental caries continues to be a major global public health problem. Remineralization of demineralized dentin is regarded as one of the hotspots in the current study in the treatment of dental caries. However, traditional remineralization agents, which usually lack the ability to bind to demineralized dentin collagen, are easily removed by the fluids in the oral cavity, thus decreasing the remineralization efficacy.

The correlation between triiodothyronine and the severity of liver fibrosis.

Background: The severity of liver fibrosis is an important predictor of death in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, there is still no definite conclusion on the relationship between triiodothyronine (T3) and the severity of liver fibrosis. Thus, the aim of this study was to analyze the correlation between T3 level and the severity of liver fibrosis.

Hypoglycemia unawareness identified by continuous glucose monitoring system is frequent in outpatients with type 2 diabetes without receiving intensive therapeutic interventions.

Background: Patients with diabetes are prone to asymptomatic hypoglycemia (AH) due to diminished ability to perceive the onset of hypoglycemia. However, the actual prevalence and influencing factors of AH in outpatients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) have not been well investigated.

Methods: A total of 351 outpatients with T2DM underwent glucose monitoring by continuous glucose monitoring system (CGMS) for consecutive 72 h without changing their lifestyle and treatment regimens.

Case Report: A Rare Case of Coexisting of Autoimmune Polyglandular Syndrome Type 3 and Isolated Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Deficiency.

APS (autoimmune polyglandular syndrome) is defined as the coexistence of at least two kinds of endocrine autoimmune diseases. APS type 3 comprises autoimmune thyroid diseases and other autoimmune diseases but does not involve autoimmune Addison's disease. So far, APS-3 combined with isolated gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) reduction caused by the suspected autoimmune hypothalamic disease has not been reported.

Correlation of Serum Cystatin C with Renal Function in Gout Patients with Renal Injury.

The gout-induced continuous deposition of urate in the kidney tissues is the main cause of renal injury, for which cystatin C (Cys C) is an important indicator. This research analyzed the correlation between general renal injury indicators and serum Cys C level, and further investigated the potential of Cys C in renal injury diagnosis. A total of 140 gout patients with renal injury (GRI) were recruited and grouped by their glomerular filtration rate (GFR).

Lipid accumulation product (LAP) was independently associatedwith obstructive sleep apnea in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Background: Lipid accumulation product (LAP) is a new index based on a combination of waist circumference (WC) and serum triglycerides (TG) reflecting lipid accumulation. In this cross-sectional study, we aimed to explore whether LAP was independently associated with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients.

Methods: A cross-sectional study of 317 T2DM patients who underwent overnight polysomnography (PSG) tests was conducted.

Sex-specific associations between prenatal antibiotics exposure and offspring's body mass index.

Objective: Animal studies and epidemiological studies have shown that there is potential sex-specific sensitivity to the intrauterine environment in relation to the developmental programming of obesity. The objective of this study was to assess the sex-specific association between prenatal antibiotics exposure and body mass index (BMI) in offspring from 1 to 4 years.

Methods: A total of 10,163 mother-child pairs from the Medical Birth Registry in Xiamen, China, were included in this prospective cohort study.

Efficacy of Vildagliptin Added to Continuous Subcutaneous Insulin Infusion (CSII) in Hospitalized Patients with Type 2 Diabetes.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of vildagliptin as add-on therapy to short-term continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) with CSII monotherapy in hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods: A total of 200 hospitalized patients with inadequately controlled T2DM were randomized into groups, with one group receiving CSII monotherapy (CSII group, n =100) and the other group receiving CSII plus vildagliptin as add-on (CSII + Vig group, n = 100). Of these, 191 completed the 7-day trial (CSII group, n = 99; CSII + Vig group, n = 92) and included in the analysis.

Associations of apnea hypopnea index and educational attainments with microvascular complications in patients with T2DM.

Purpose: The relationship between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and diabetic microvascular complications (DMC) are controversial. Whether low education is associated with increased risk of DMC independently of poor lifestyles are currently unknown. The aim of this study is to explore the independent associations of different PSG index and educational attainment with risks of DR, DKD, and DPN.

Circular RNA hsa_circ_0001178 facilitates the invasion and metastasis of colorectal cancer through upregulating ZEB1 via sponging multiple miRNAs.

Metastasis is the main cause of increasing cancer morbidity and mortality. However, the underlying mechanism of cancer metastasis remains largely unknown. In the present study, we identified one circular RNA (circRNA) closely related to the metastasis of colorectal cancer (CRC), namely hsa_circ_0001178.

Serum Uric Acid Is Independently Associated with Risk of Obstructive Sleep Apnea-Hypopnea Syndrome in Chinese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes.

Purpose: We aimed to investigate the association between serum uric acid (SUA) levels and obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Methods: A cross-sectional study of 212 type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients was conducted in Xiamen, China. All patients underwent polysomnography (PSG) recordings for OSAHS diagnosis.

Age at menarche and risk of gestational diabetes mellitus: a population-based study in Xiamen, China.

Background: It has been reported that earlier age at menarche is associated with a higher risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus. However, the relationship between age at menarche and gestational diabetes mellitus is inconsistent across studies. We hypothesized that an earlier age at menarche would predict the gestational diabetes mellitus risk.

Treatment of giant pharyngoesophageal diverticulum by video-assisted thoracoscopy.

A 67-year-old woman presented with a giant pharyngoesophageal diverticulum (Zenker's diverticulum) that extended deep into the chest. Surgery, using either an open or endoscopic approach, was difficult. We stapled the common wall between the diverticulum and the esophagus using video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery.

5'-Amino-1,3-dioxo-2',3'-di-hydro-7'H-spiro-[indane-2,7'-thieno[3,2-b]pyran]-6'-carbonitrile 1',1'-dioxide.

The title compound, C(16)H(10)N(2)O(5)S, was synthesized via the condesation of dihydro-thio-phen-3(2H)-one 1,1-dioxide, 1H-indene-1,2,3-trione and malononitrile in ethanol. The 2,3-dihydro-thio-phene 1,1-dioxide and pyran rings adopt envelope conformations. The mean planes through the planar part of the pyran ring and the benzene ring are nearly perpendicular, forming a dihedral angle of 88.

9-(3-Methoxy-phen-yl)-6,6-dimethyl-4-phenyl-2,3,5,6,7,9-hexa-hydro-thieno[3,2-b]quinolin-8(4H)-one 1,1-dioxide.

The title compound, C(26)H(27)NO(4)S, with a thiophene ring fused to a quinoline ring, was synthesized via the condensation of dihydro-thio-phen-3(2H)-one 1,1-dioxide, 5,5-dimethyl-3-(phenyl-amino)cyclo-hex-2-enone and 3-methoxy-benzaldehyde in refluxing ethanol. In the crystal structure, the thiophene dioxide ring and the pyridine ring adopt envelope conformations. The connection of the pyridine ring to the phenyl and benzene rings can be described by the C-C-C-C and C-N-C-C torsion angles of 45.

Compact 492-nm light source based on sum-frequency mixing.

More than 27 mW of 492-nm power was generated in a compact design, using intra-cavity sum frequency mixing of a laser diode and a diode-pumped solid-state laser in a periodically-poled KTiOPO4 crystal.

Efficient all solid-state continuous-wave yellow-orange light source.

We present highly efficient sum-frequency generation between two CW IR lasers using periodically poled KTP. The system is based on the 1064 and 1342 nm laser-lines of two Nd:YVO4 lasers. This is an all solid-state light source in the yellow-orange spectral range.

Generation of turquoise light by sum frequency mixing of a diode-pumped solid-state laser and a laser diode in periodically poled KTP.

We report a simple and efficient method to achieve visible light by sum-frequency mixing radiation from a diode-pumped solid-state laser and a laser diode in a periodically poled KTiOPO4 crystal. Since high-power laser diodes are available at a wide range of wavelengths, it is thereby possible to obtain essentially any wavelength in the visible spectrum by appropriate choice of lasers. For demonstration we choose to construct a light source in the blue-green region.

Three-dimensional characterization of the effective second-order nonlinearity in periodically poled crystals.

A novel technique for characterization of the second-order nonlinearity in nonlinear crystals is presented. It utilizes group-velocity walk-off between femtosecond pulses in type II SHG to achieve three-dimensional resolution of the nonlinearity. The longitudinal and transversal spatial resolution can be set independently.