Treatment of Donor Cells with Oxidative Phosphorylation Inhibitor CPI Enhances Porcine Cloned Embryo Development.

Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) technology holds great promise for livestock industry, life science and human biomedicine. However, the development and application of this technology is limited by the low developmental potential of SCNT embryos. The developmental competence of cloned embryos is influenced by the energy metabolic status of donor cells.

Protein Dynamic Landscape during Mouse Mammary Gland Development from Virgin to Pregnant, Lactating, and Involuting Stages.

The mammary gland undergoes significant physiological changes as it undergoes a transition from virgin to pregnancy, lactation, and involution. However, the dynamic role of proteins in regulating these processes during mouse mammary gland development has not been thoroughly explored. In this study, we collected mouse mammary gland tissues from mature virgins aged 8-10 weeks (V), day 16 of pregnancy (P16d), day 12 of lactation (L12d), day 1 of forced weaning (FW 1d), and day 3 of forced weaning (FW 3d) stages for analysis using DIA-based quantitative proteomics technology.

Information Difference of Transfer Entropies between Head Motion and Eye Movement Indicates a Proxy of Driving.

Visual scanning is achieved via head motion and gaze movement for visual information acquisition and cognitive processing, which plays a critical role in undertaking common sensorimotor tasks such as driving. The coordination of the head and eyes is an important human behavior to make a key contribution to goal-directed visual scanning and sensorimotor driving. In this paper, we basically investigate the two most common patterns in eye-head coordination: "head motion earlier than eye movement" and "eye movement earlier than head motion".

Temperature-Induced Internal Stress Influence on Specimens in Indentation Tests.

The factors affecting the internal stress of specimens during indentation tests were investigated by finite element analysis (FEA) modelling. This was carried out to gain a qualitative understanding of the test errors introduced by the temperature environment during the indentation process. In this study, the influence of thermal expansion of fixed stage on upper specimen (currently neglected in temperature indentation) was explored in detail.

Investigations of Micro-Deformation in Monocrystalline Copper at Low Temperatures via Indentation.

Indentation experiments on differently oriented faces of monocrystalline copper were conducted to investigate the micro-deformation process at temperatures ranging from room temperature to 150 K. The morphologies and textures of the residual imprints were observed using electron microscopy. Distinct slip bands were observed inside the imprints at 150 K compared to smooth surfaces at room temperature.

Atomic investigations on the tension-compression asymmetry of AlFeNiCrCu ( = 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0) high-entropy alloy nanowires.

The tension and compression of high-entropy alloy (HEA) nanowires (NWs) are remarkably asymmetric, but the micro mechanism is still unclear. In this research, the tension-compression asymmetry of AlFeNiCrCu HEA NWs ( = 0.5, 1.

Influence of pia-arachnoid complex on the indentation response of porcine brain at different length scales.

Brain tissues are surrounded by two tightly adhering thin membranes known as the pia-arachnoid complex (PAC), which is pivotal in regulating brain mechanical response upon mechanical impact. Despite the crucial role of PAC as a structural damper protecting the brain, its mechanical contribution has received minimal attention. In this work, the mechanical contribution of PAC on brain tissues against mechanical loading is characterized by using a custom-built indentation apparatus.

A new scaling number reveals droplet dynamics on vibratory surfaces.

Hypothesis: Droplet spreading on surfaces is a ubiquitous phenomenon in nature and is relevant with a wide range of applications. In practical scenarios, surfaces are usually associated with certain levels of vibration. Although vertical or horizontal modes of vibration have been used to promote droplet dewetting, bouncing from immiscible medium, directional transport, etc.

Molecular dynamics investigations of the size effects on mechanical properties and deformation mechanism of amorphous and monocrystalline composite AlFeNiCrCu high-entropy alloy nanowires.

The atomic models of amorphous and monocrystalline composite AlFeNiCrCu high-entropy alloy nanowires were established via the molecular dynamics method. The effects of amorphous structure thickness on mechanical properties and deformation mechanism were investigated by applying tensile and compressive loads to the nanowires. As the thickness of amorphous structures increases, the tensile yield strength decreases, and the asymmetry between tension and compression decreases.

Low Temperature Nanoindentation: Development and Applications.

Nanoindentation technique at low temperatures have developed from initial micro-hardness driving method at a single temperature to modern depth-sensing indentation (DSI) method with variable temperatures over the last three decades. The technique and implementation of representative cooling systems adopted on the indentation apparatuses are discussed in detail here, with particular emphasis on pros and cons of combination with indentation technique. To obtain accurate nanoindentation curves and calculated results of material properties, several influence factors have been carefully considered and eliminated, including thermal drift and temperature induced influence on indenter and specimen.

Mechanical Behavior of Undoped n-Type GaAs under the Indentation of Berkovich and Flat-Tip Indenters.

In this research, the mechanical behavior of undoped n-type GaAs was investigated by nanoindentation experiments using two types of indenters-Berkovich and flat-tip-with force applied up to 1000 mN. From the measured force-depth curves, an obvious pop-in phenomenon occurred at force of 150 mN with the flat-tip indenter representing elastic-plastic transition. The Young's modulus and hardness of GaAs were calculated to be 60-115 GPa and 6-10 GPa, respectively, under Berkovich indenter.

Design and testing of a cryogenic indentation apparatus.

A modularized cryogenic indentation apparatus was designed and created to study the deformation mechanisms and mechanical properties of materials at low temperatures. The indentation process is actuated by piezoelectric stack and flexure hinge, and the entire mechanical module is kept inside the vacuum chamber to prevent the occurrence of ice. Numerous issues including the effects of the application of cooling module and processes to diminish the temperature effect on the indentation tip were addressed.

Investigations of Phase Transformation in Monocrystalline Silicon at Low Temperatures via Nanoindentation.

Nanoindentations of monocrystalline silicon are conducted to investigate the phase transformation process at a temperature range from 292 K to 210 K. The load-displacement curves are obtained and the residual indents are detected by Raman spectra. MD simulations are also conducted to identify the phase state during nanoindentation.

[The suppression of melatonin on mouse oocyte in vitro maturation of mouse].

Aim: To study whether melatonin has effect on oocyte maturation of mouse in vitro.

Methods: Mouse oocytes were cultured in maturation medium, HX-medium, or HX-medium supplemented with FSH, and the effects of MT on meiotic maturation of mouse oocyte were examined.

Results: (1) MT at all doses of 0.