Complete mitochondrial genome of and its implications on evolutionary analysis of complex mitochondrial genome architecture in Apiaceae.

is a kind of Chinese traditional herbs with economic and ornament value, widely distributed in China. Despite its significance, there have been limited comprehensive investigations on the genome of , particularly regarding mitochondrial genomes. To investigate the conversion between mitochondrial genome and chloroplast genome, a complete and circular mitochondrial genome was assembled using Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT) long reads.

[Effects of mycorrhizal planting on small molecular chemical components of Dendrobium officinale].

This study aimed to provide a scientific basis for the application of the mycorrhizal planting technology of Dendrobium officinale by investigating the effects of mycorrhizal planting on the fingerprints of D. officinale and the content of six chemical components. Seventeen samples of D.

[Comparison and health risk assessment of mineral elements in stems and leaves of Dendrobium officinale cultivated with conventional method and mycorrhizal fungi].

This study aims to analyze the variation of the content of mineral elements in stems and leaves of Dendrobium officinale cultivated with conventional method and mycorrhizal fungi, which is expected to lay a basis for safety of stems and leaves of D. officinale. A total of 7 samples from Jiangsu, Fujian, Shanghai, and Zhejiang were collected, which were then cultivated with conventional method and mycorrhizal fungi, separately.

Symbiosis Drives Metabolomic and Transcriptomic Changes in Sclerotia.

Sclerotia, the medicinal part of , play important roles in diuresis and renal protection, with steroids and polysaccharides as the main active ingredients. The sclerotia grow and develop only after symbiosis with sp. In this study, a systematic metabolomics based on non-targeted UPLC-MS method was carried out between the infected part of the separated cavity wall of the sclerotia (QR) and the uninfected part (the control group, CK) to find and identify differential metabolites.

[Effects of growth-promoting strain sp. M23 on photosynthesis of ].

The agronomic traits, chlorophyll content, physiological indices of were compared in five treatments, namely negative control (CK), positive control (PCK), low dose of microbial inoculant (T, 50 g per seedling), moderate dose of microbial inoculant (T, 100 g per seedling), high dose of microbial inoculant (T, 200 g per seedling) in field. The diurnal variation of net photosynthetic rate was measured by Li-6400 portable photosynthesis system. The diurnal variation of net photosynthetic rate () of showed a pattern of bi-modal curve with photosynthetic "noon break" phenomenon, which occurred at 1:00 pm.

Recent advances and new insights in biosynthesis of dendrobine and sesquiterpenes.

Sesquiterpenes are one of the most diverse groups of secondary metabolites that have mainly been observed in terpenoids. It is a natural terpene containing 15 carbon atoms in the molecule and three isoprene units with chain, ring, and other skeleton structures. Sesquiterpenes have been shown to display multiple biological activities such as anti-inflammatory, anti-feedant, anti-microbial, anti-tumor, anti-malarial, and immunomodulatory properties; therefore, their therapeutic effects are essential.

Use of transcriptomic profiling to identify candidate genes involved in Polyporus umbellatus sclerotial formation affected by oxalic acid.

Polyporus umbellatus is a precious medicinal fungus. Oxalic acid was observed to affect sclerotial formation and sclerotia possessed more medicinal compounds than mycelia. In this study, the transcriptome of P.

[Study on chemical bibenzyls in Dendrobium gratiosissimum].

Nineteen compounds were isolated and structurally characterized from an ethanol extract of Dendrobium gratiossimum, including dendrogratiol A(1), DDB-1(2), 3,4-dihydroxyl-5,3',4'-trimethoxybibenzyl(3), amoenylin(4), chrysotoxine(5), DTB(6), 3,4,4'-trihydroxyl-5,3'-dimethoxybenzyl(7), 3-methylgiga(8), aloifol(9), gigantol tetramethyl ether(10), batatasin Ⅲ(11), moscatilin(12), moniliformine(13), gigantol(14), DMB(15), flavanthrinin(16), cannithrene-2(17), 3,4-dihydroxyl-5,4'-dimethoxystilbene(18) and 4-hydroxy-3,5,4'-trimethoxystilbene(19). 1 was a new compound, and 2-10, 16, 18 and 19 were obtained from this plant species for the first time. In vitro cytotoxic and antiviral activities of these isolates were evaluated, which displayed that 4 showed moderate cytotoxicity against human hepatoma cell line HepG2 with the IC_(50) of 10.

Identification and expression of DoCCaMK during Sebacina sp. symbiosis of Dendrobium officinale.

Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo is a famous precious medicinal plant in China. Seed and seedling were cultivated with the mycorrhizal fungus Sebacina sp. CCaMK was initially cloned from D.

Ultrastructural changes during the symbiotic seed germination of Gastrodia elata with fungi, with emphasis on the fungal colonization region.

Background: Gastrodia elata is a fully mycoheterotrophic orchid and has long been used in traditional Chinese medicine. The life cycle of G. elata requires an association with two different fungi-Mycena for seed germination and Armillaria for tuber growth.

Effect of different mycobionts on symbiotic germination and seedling growth of Dendrobium officinale, an important medicinal orchid.

Background: Orchids maintain a symbiotic relationship with mycorrhizal fungi in the lifecycle. Previous reports indicated that diverse mycobionts may have different roles during orchid growth and development. Although various mycorrhizal fungi have been isolated from Dendrobium roots and protocorms, little is known about their specific effects on seed germination and seedling growth.

Chinese Black Truffle-Associated Bacterial Communities of From Different Geographical Regions With Nitrogen Fixing Bioactivity.

It is well known that the microbes associated with truffle fruiting bodies play a very important role during the truffle lifecycle. , commonly called Chinese black truffle, is a species endemic to Eastern Asia and in the genus of . Here, we reported the bacterial communities of from different geographical regions and described the bacterial diversity from three compartments (soil, ectomycorrhizae and ascocarps) of using high-throughput sequencing combined tissue culture.

Embryology of Anoectochilus roxburghii: seed and embryo development.

Background: Anoectochilus roxburghii is known for its medicinal properties, culinary interests, and ornamental applications in Asian countries. Recent studies focus mainly on its phytochemical properties and little is known about its reproductive biology, especially seed and embryo development. This study documents the major developmental events in seed and embryo development of A.

Chemical Composition and Antioxidant Activity of Tuber indicum from Different Geographical Regions of China.

Tuber indicum, an endemic truffle species in eastern Asian, is an edible mushroom that is both an important export and widely distributed across China. Many existing studies on truffles focus on analyzing their taxonomy, population genetics, volatile organic compounds and artificial cultivation of the truffles, while little information is available about their nutrient composition and pharmacological activity, especially the relationship between chemical composition in ascocarps and their geographic distributions. This study presents a comprehensive investigation of the chemical composition of T.

Two new tetracyclic triterpenoids from the endophytic fungus Hypoxylon sp. 6269.

Two new tetracyclic triterpenoids, integracide E (1) and isointegracide E (2), as well as three known secondary metabolites (i.e. integracide A (3), 2-deoxyintegracide A (4) and 2-deoxyintegracide B (5)), were isolated from mycelium of the endophytic fungus Hypoxylon sp.

Immunolocalization and Changes of Hydroxyproline-Rich Glycoproteins During Symbiotic Germination of .

Hydroxyproline-rich glycoproteins (HRGPs) are abundant cell wall components involved in mycorrhizal symbiosis, but little is known about their function in orchid mycorrhizal association. To gain further insight into the role of HRGPs in orchid symbiosis, the location and function of HRGPs were investigated during symbiotic germination of . The presence of JIM11 epitope in developing protocorms was determined using immunodot blots and immunohistochemical staining procedures.

[Isolation and expression analysis of a hexose transporter gene DoHT1 in Dendrobium officinale].

In this study, RACE technology was employed to isolate the full length cDNA of DoHT1 in Dendrobium officinale, followed by bioinformatics analysis of the sequence characteristics. And the expression pattern of the gene was also analyzed by quantitative PCR. The full length cDNA of DoHT1 was 1 586 bp in length, containing a 1 536 bp ORF, which encoded a 511-aa protein with molecular weight of 56.

The Plant Growth-Promoting Fungus (PGPF) Alternaria sp. A13 Markedly Enhances Salvia miltiorrhiza Root Growth and Active Ingredient Accumulation under Greenhouse and Field Conditions.

Plant growth-promoting fungi (PGPF) have attracted considerable interest as bio-fertilisers due to their multiple beneficial effects on plant quantity and quality and their positive relationship with the ecological environment. Advancements in the development of PGPF for crops and economic plant cultivation applications have been achieved, but such improvements for the use of PGPF with popular medicinal herbs, such as , are rare. In this study, we collected specimens inhabiting wild, semi-wild, farmland and pot-cultured areas in the Henan province of China and isolated endophytes from the roots, shoots and leaves of these samples.

[DNA marker-assisted selection of medicinal plants (Ⅰ) .Breeding research of disease-resistant cultivars of Panax notoginseng].

SSR is one of the most important molecular markers used in molecular identification and genetic diversity research of Dendrobium nobile. In order to enrich the library of SSR and establish a method for rapid identification of D. nobile, the SSR information was analyzed in the transcriptome of D.

[Molecular cloning and characterization of two kind of heat-shock protein gene from Polyporus umbellatus].

With RT-PCR approaches, the full-length cDNA of two heat shock protein genes were cloned from total RNA of the Polyporus umbellatus sclerotium. The full open reading frame cDNA sequence of the Hsp90 was 2 091 bp, encoding 696 amino acid residues with a predicted molecular mass of 78.9 kDa.

[Advance in molecular biology of Dendrobium (Orchidaceae)].

With the development of molecular biology, the process in molecular biology research of Dendrobium is going fast. Not only did it provide new ways to identify Dendrobium quickly, reveal the genetic diversity and relationship of Dendrobium, but also lay the vital foundation for explaining the mechanism of Dendrobium growth and metabolism. The present paper reviews the recent process in molecular biology research of Dendrobium from three aspects, including molecular identification, genetic diversity and functional genes.

Genomic and transcriptomic analyses reveal differential regulation of diverse terpenoid and polyketides secondary metabolites in Hericium erinaceus.

The lion's mane mushroom Hericium erinaceus is a famous traditional medicinal fungus credited with anti-dementia activity and a producer of cyathane diterpenoid natural products (erinacines) useful against nervous system diseases. To date, few studies have explored the biosynthesis of these compounds, although their chemical synthesis is known. Here, we report the first genome and tanscriptome sequence of the medicinal fungus H.