Effects of Diabetes and Voluntary Exercise on IgA Concentration and Polymeric Immunoglobulin Receptor Expression in the Submandibular Gland of Rats.

: Patients with diabetes are more susceptible to upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs) because they are easily infected. Salivary IgA (sali-IgA) levels play a major role in transmitting URTIs. Sali-IgA levels are determined by salivary gland IgA production and polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (poly-IgR) expression.

Advanced platelet-rich fibrin (A-PRF) has an impact on the initial healing of gingival regeneration after tooth extraction.

Objectives: Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) is widely used in wound healing because it contains several growth factors, including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). In this study, we investigated the effects of advanced PRF (A-PRF) in early-stage gingival regeneration after tooth extraction.

Methods: Blood sample was collected from females beagle dogs (age: 12 months) before tooth extraction for A-PRF preparation.

Gingival blood flow before, during, and after clenching, measured by laser Doppler blood flowmeter: A pilot study.

Introduction: This study aimed to investigate the effects of the strong occlusal force on the hemodynamics of gingival microcirculation.

Methods: Eleven adult volunteers with healthy periodontium and normal occlusion participated in this study. Using a noncontact laser Doppler flowmeter placed at the attached gingiva and the interdental papilla of the maxillary first premolar, changes in gingival blood flow (GBF) were examined during and after clenching.

Effect of physical stimulation (gingival massage) on age-related changes in gingival microcirculation.

The decline in circulatory function with aging may be alleviated by a combination of gingival massage (physical stimulation) and mechanical cleaning. Several studies have reported the systemic effect of physical stimulation on various parts of the body, including its therapeutic effect on pain in the neck and shoulders that becomes evident with age, and improvement in blood circulation. In contrast, few studies have reported on the changes in gingival microcirculation induced by gingival massage, while no previous study has evaluated the effect of gingival microcirculation on age-related changes in the hemodynamics of the oral cavity.

Microcirculation changes in gingival tissue after ultrasonic tooth preparation in beagle dogs.

Objective: Ultrasonic wave technology is widely used during dental treatments. We previously demonstrated that this method protects the gingival tissue. However, the physiological change on the gingival microvasculature caused by this method remains unclear.

Low-Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound Prevents Development of Bisphosphonate-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw-Like Pathophysiology in a Rat Model.

We developed a rat model of bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) by removing a maxillary molar tooth (M1) from ovariectomized rats after treatment with alendronate. To mimic periodontitis, some of the rats were administered Porphyromonas gingivalis (p. gingivalis) at the M1 site every 2 to 3 d for 2 wk.

13. Effect of Low-Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound (LIPUS) on Remote Bone Marrow in Rats With Healing Socket.

Objective: We reported at the previous annual meeting that LIPUS treatment of the molar tooth sockets of retired breeder rats accelerated alveolar bone healing, and that associated humoral effects were seen with elevated blood flow. Namely, LIPUS induced VEGF/angiogenesis along with elevated baseline blood flow rate, which was further associated with a sudden depression of blood flow rate in the socket immediately after cessation of LIPUS treatment. Prior injection with EP4 PGE2 receptor antagonist, but not EP3 antagonist, abolished this LIPUS-induced depression, and topical application of PGE2 to the socket epithelium mimicked the LIPUS-induced depression.

Microcirculation alterations in experimentally induced gingivitis in dogs.

The present study aimed to morphologically examine the gingival microvascular network using a microvascular resin cast (MRC) technique, and to investigate how inflammatory disease functionally affects gingival microcirculation using laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF). We used four beagle dogs with healthy periodontal tissue as experimental animals. To cause periodontal inflammation, dental floss was placed around the cervical neck portions of the right premolars.

Protective effects of (6R)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-l-biopterin on local ischemia/reperfusion-induced suppression of reactive hyperemia in rat gingiva.

We herein investigated the regulatory mechanism in the circulation responsible for rat gingival reactive hyperemia (RH) associated with ischemia/reperfusion (I/R). RH was analyzed using a laser Doppler flowmeter. RH and I/R were elicited by gingival compression and release with a laser Doppler probe.

Porphyromonas gingivalis infection modifies oral microcirculation and aortic vascular function in the stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHRSP).

The functional modulation of vascular endothelial cells associated with stroke and periodontal disease has not yet been clarified. The objective of this study is to analyze the vascular endothelial function of periodontitis and stroke animal models. We examined endothelial function and gingival blood flow in oral microcirculation in vivo and measured the isometric tension in vitro of the aorta in animal models for lifestyle-related diseases, such as periodontitis and stroke.

Novel antioxidative nanotherapeutics in a rat periodontitis model: Reactive oxygen species scavenging by redox injectable gel suppresses alveolar bone resorption.

The excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) has been implicated in a variety of disorders, but to date, ROS scavengers have not been widely used for local treatment of inflammation, because they are rapidly eliminated from the inflamed site. We have designed a novel redox injectable gel (RIG) that is formed at 37 °C after disintegration of nano-assembled flower micelles allowing nitroxide radicals to act locally as specific ROS scavengers for the treatment of periodontitis. In the present study, we have confirmed retention of the RIG in the periodontal region, along with its antioxidant-related anti-inflammatory effects, and we have subsequently evaluated the inhibitory effect of the RIG against Porphyromonas gingivalis (P.

Effect of Ultraviolet Irradiation of the Implant Surface on Progression of Periimplantitis--A Pilot Study in Dogs.

Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate morphologically the progression of periimplantitis around an ultraviolet (UV)-light-irradiated implant in dogs.

Materials And Methods: Pure titanium implants (3.3 mm in diameter and 8 mm long) were placed into dog jawbone bilaterally.

Blue light irradiation-induced oxidative stress in vivo via ROS generation in rat gingival tissue.

It has been reported that oxidative stress with reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation is induced by blue light irradiation to a living body. Only limited research has been reported in dental field on the dangers of blue light, mostly focusing on cytotoxicity associated with heat injury of dental pulp. We thus performed an in vivo study on oral tissue exposed to blue light.

Porphyromonas gingivalis-induced alveolar bone loss is accelerated in the stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rat.

Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) is one of the prominent periodontal pathogens and is the most important bacteria involved in the onset and exacerbation of periodontitis. P.

Contribution of nitrergic nerve in canine gingival reactive hyperemia.

Reactive hyperemia reflects a compensatory vasodilation response of the local vasculature in ischemic tissue. The purpose of this study is to clarify the mechanism of regulation of this response in gingival circulation by using pharmacological analysis of reactive hyperemia and histochemical analysis of gingival tissue. Application of pressure to the gingiva was used to create temporary ischemia, and gingival blood flow was measured after pressure release.

Reactive oxygen species scavenging activity of Jixueteng evaluated by electron spin resonance (ESR) and photon emission.

Jixueteng, the dried stem of Spatholobus suberectus Dunn (Leguminosae), is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine that is commonly classified as a herb that promotes blood circulation and can be used to treat blood stasis. The aim of this study was to examine the reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging activity of Jixueteng and other herbal medicines. The ROS scavenging activities of the water extracts of Jixueteng, Cnidium officinale and Salvia miltiorrhiza were examined using an electron spin resonance (ESR) technique and faint luminescence measurement.

Inhibitory effects of French pine bark extract, Pycnogenol®, on alveolar bone resorption and on the osteoclast differentiation.

Pycnogenol(®) (PYC) is a standardized bark extract from French maritime pine (Pinus pinaster Aiton). We examined the inhibitory effects of PYC on alveolar bone resorption, which is a characteristic feature of periodontitis, induced by Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) and osteoclast differentiation.

Fasudil, a Rho kinase inhibitor, suppresses tumor growth by inducing CXCL14/BRAK in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

CXCL14/BRAK (BRAK) is a secreted chemokine with anti-tumor activity, and its expression is suppressed in tumor cells. We previously reported the anti-tumor activity of BRAK in cell lines of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and the suppression of BRAK secretion in these cells. BRAK secretion in fibrosarcoma cells is restored by Fasudil, which is a Rho-kinase (ROCK) inhibitor.

Alteration of the redox state with reactive oxygen species for 5-fluorouracil-induced oral mucositis in hamsters.

Oral mucositis is often induced in patients receiving cancer chemotherapy treatment. It has been reported that oral mucositis can reduce quality of life, as well as increasing the incidence of mortality. The participation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the pathogenesis of oral mucositis is well known, but no report has actually demonstrated the presence of ROS.

Medical-grade collagen peptide in injectables provides antioxidant protection.

Medical-grade collagen peptide is used as an additive agent in pharmaceutical formulations; however, it is unknown as to whether the compound exerts antioxidant effects in vitro. In this study, we evaluated the antioxidant effects of medical-grade collagen peptide on reactive oxygen species such as hydroxyl radical, superoxide anion radical and singlet oxygen using electron spin resonance and spin trapping. We confirmed that medical-grade collagen peptide directly inhibited hydroxyl radical generated by the Fenton reaction or by ultraviolet irradiation of hydrogen peroxide, and singlet oxygen.

Reactive oxygen species production in mitochondria of human gingival fibroblast induced by blue light irradiation.

In recent years, it has become well known that the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced by blue-light irradiation causes adverse effects of photo-aging, such as age-related macular degeneration of the retina. Thus, orange-tinted glasses are used to protect the retina during dental treatment involving blue-light irradiation (e.g.

Gingival vascular functions are altered in type 2 diabetes mellitus model and/or periodontitis model.

The association of vascular reactivity between diabetes and periodontal disease has not been clarified. Gingival blood flow was measured by laser Doppler flowmetry for 31 weeks in Wistar rats, Wistar rats orally challenged with Porphyromonas gingivalis (Wistar rats + Porphyromonas gingivalis), Goto-Kakizaki rats, and Goto-Kakizaki rats orally challenged with Porphyromonas gingivalis (Goto-Kakizaki rats + Porphyromonas gingivalis). Effects of alveolar bone resorption on periodontal tissue was enhanced in Wistar rats + Porphyromonas gingivalis, and Goto-Kakizaki rats, with this effect being significantly enhanced by Goto-Kakizaki rats + Porphyromonas gingivalis.

Inhibitory effects of Jixueteng on P. gingivalis-induced bone loss and osteoclast differentiation.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the possibility of Jixueteng as a preventive and therapeutic drug for the periodontitis. We investigated the inhibitory effects of Jixueteng on Porphyromonas gingivalis-induced bone loss in mice, antibacterial activity against P. gingivalis and differentiation of osteoclast and viability of cells.