Immunotherapy for advanced-stage squamous cell lung cancer: the state of the art and outstanding questions.

Immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have transformed the treatment paradigm for advanced-stage squamous non-small-cell lung cancer (LUSC), a histological subtype associated with inferior outcomes compared with lung adenocarcinoma. However, only a subset of patients derive durable clinical benefit. In the first-line setting, multiple ICI regimens are available, including anti-PD-(L)1 antibodies as monotherapy, in combination with chemotherapy, or with an anti-CTLA4 antibody with or without chemotherapy.

Selpercatinib in Chinese patients with -fusion-positive non-small-cell lung cancer: updated efficacy and safety analysis from the randomized LIBRETTO-321 phase II trial.

Background: Selpercatinib is approved for the treatment of -fusion-positive non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Objective: We present a final update on LIBRETTO-321 to enhance the understanding of long-term efficacy and safety in Chinese patients.

Design: This open-label, multicenter, phase II study included patients with advanced -altered solid tumors.

Mechanism of Fangji Huangqi decoction against acute kidney injury based on network pharmacology and experimental validation.

Background: Fangji Huangqi Decoction (FJHQD), a famous Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) formula, has been widely applied in improving renal function. However, the interaction of bioactives from FJHQD with the targets involved in acute renal injury (AKI) has not been elucidated yet.

Purpose: A network pharmacology-based approach combined with molecular docking and in vitro and in vivo validation was performed to determine the bioactives, key targets, and potential pharmacological mechanism of FJHQD against AKI.

Exploring the photothermal effect in the photocatalytic water splitting over Type II ZnInS/CoFeS composites.

Hydrogen is increasingly acknowledged as a viable alternative to traditional fossil fuels. However, the photothermal properties of CoFeS, a photocatalyst displaying metal-like behavior, have not been adequately explored in the context of photocatalytic H generation. To improve photocatalytic hydrogen evolution, it is crucial to understand how to expedite the transfer of photogenerated electrons and the dissociation of H-OH bonds for enhanced hydrogen ion release.

Comparative study of open elbow arthrolysis with and without hinge external fixation for the treatment of post-traumatic elbow stiffness.

Background: The present study aimed to compare the functional outcomes of hinged external fixators and non-external fixation in open elbow arthrolysis (OEA) for post-traumatic elbow stiffness (PTES) and to evaluate their applicability and limitations in patients with posttraumatic elbow stiffness.

Methods: The clinical data of patients with PTES treated with OEA at our hospital between March 2015 and June 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. The assessed variables were the operation time, intraoperative blood loss volume, duration of hospitalization, and treatment costs.

Portable Electroanalytical Platform Based on Eco-Friendly Biomass-Based Hydrogels with Bimetallic MOF Composites for Trace Acetaminophen Determination.

Accurate acetaminophen (APAP) determination using smartphone-based portable sensing hinges on developing sensing interfaces with effective catalytic performance and high electron transfer efficiency. Herein, we report that various Ni-based bimetallic-organic framework materials (MOFs) were synthesized through the hydrothermal method. These MOFs were incorporated with multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) during the synthesis of chitosan-cationic guar gum hydrogels (HG).

Noninvasive early identification of durable clinical benefit from immune checkpoint inhibition: a prospective multicenter study (NCT04566432).

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have changed the treatment landscape for patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In spite of durable responses in some patients, many patients develop early disease progression during the ICI treatment. Thus, early identification of patients with no durable benefit would facilitate the clinical decision for these patients.

Are all cases of floating hip the same? Further understanding of floating hip.

Purpose: Floating hip is a severe high-energy injury. Femoral fracture is an essential component of floating hip. However, few studies have addressed the relationship between the femoral fracture pattern and floating hip injury.

Entrectinib versus crizotinib in Asian patients with ROS1-positive non-small cell lung cancer: A matching-adjusted indirect comparison.

Objectives: Entrectinib and crizotinib are the only ROS proto-oncogene 1 receptor (ROS1) tyrosine kinase inhibitors available for most Asian patients. Their efficacy has neither been compared directly in clinical trials in patients with ROS1-positive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), nor indirectly in Asian populations. Thus, we aimed to provide comparative evidence of the efficacy and safety of entrectinib and crizotinib for Asian patients with advanced or metastatic ROS1-positive NSCLC.

Durvalumab Versus Chemotherapy as First-line Treatment for Metastatic NSCLC With Tumor PD-L1 Expression of 25% or Higher: Results From the Randomized Phase 3 PEARL Study.

Introduction: PEARL (NCT03003962) is an open-label, phase 3 study comparing first-line durvalumab monotherapy with chemotherapy in patients with metastatic NSCLC (mNSCLC [EGFR/ALK wild type]) with programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) tumor cell (TC) membrane expression status of 25% or higher. We report the final analysis of PEARL.

Methods: Adults (N = 669) with previously untreated stage IV mNSCLC were randomized (1:1) to durvalumab 20 mg/kg every four weeks or chemotherapy every three weeks for four to six cycles.

Brief Report: Ivonescimab Combined With Etoposide Plus Carboplatin as First-Line Treatment for Extensive-Stage SCLC: Results of a Phase 1b Clinical Trial.

Introduction: Ivonescimab is a humanized IgG1 bispecific anti-programmed cell death protein 1/vascular endothelial growth factor antibody. This study aimed to evaluate the safety and tolerance of ivonescimab combined with etoposide and carboplatin as first-line treatment in patients with extensive-stage SCLC and to explore the primary efficacy of this regimen.

Methods: Eligible patients received intravenous ivonescimab 3 mg/kg, 10 mg/kg, or 20 mg/kg every 3 weeks combined with etoposide and carboplatin for up to four cycles, followed by ivonescimab as maintenance.

Triphenylamine-Substituted Ni(II) Porphyrins for Urea Electro-oxidation.

Porphyrin-based molecular catalysts possess a typical aromatic macrocyclic structure regarding their metal centers and coordination frameworks, allowing for the development of promising electrocatalysts through precise selection of the metal and porphyrin ligand. However, reports on metalloporphyrins as catalysts for the electrocatalytic urea oxidation reaction (UOR) remain scarce. With these considerations in mind, the triphenylamine-Ni(II) porphyrin (NiPor-TPA) was synthesized through the solvothermal approach from 5,10,15,20-tetrakis [4-(diphenylamino)phenyl]porphyrin and nickel(II) acetate in this work.

Plasma SQSTM1/p62 act as a biomarker for steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head.

Autophagy is closely associated with the onset and progression of steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head (SIONFH). SQSTM1/p62 is an important indicator of autophagic activity. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of SQSTM1/p62 in the development of SIONFH.

Efficacy and Safety of Roxadustat for Anemia in Patients Receiving Chemotherapy for Nonmyeloid Malignancies: A Randomized, Open-Label, Active-Controlled Phase III Study.

Purpose: We evaluated the efficacy and safety of roxadustat, a first-in-class hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl hydroxylase inhibitor, for chemotherapy-induced anemia (CIA) in patients with nonmyeloid malignancies receiving multicycle treatments of chemotherapy.

Patients And Methods: In this open-label, noninferiority phase III study conducted at 44 sites in China, 159 participants age ≥18 years with CIA nonmyeloid malignancy and CIA were randomly assigned (1:1) to oral roxadustat or subcutaneous recombinant human erythropoietin-α (rHuEPO-α) three times a week for 12 weeks. Roxadustat starting dosages were 100, 120, and 150 mg three times a week for participants weighing 40-<50, 50-60, and >60 kg, respectively.