Association between pulmonary ventilation function and cognitive function among middle-aged and older adults: an observational study from Southwest China.

Background: Despite the significant prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in Southwest China, cognitive function among middle-aged and elderly individuals in this area surpasses the national average. This study aims to reveal the overall pulmonary ventilation function status of this population, and investigate whether pulmonary ventilation dysfunction is a risk factor for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in this region, as suggested by previous researches.

Methods: Data were obtained from the 2019-2021 baseline survey of a natural population cohort study conducted in Southwest China.

Kidney outcomes associated with SGLT2 inhibitors compared to other glucose-lowering drugs: a real-world study from China.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the association between the utilization of Sodium-dependent glucose cotransporters inhibitors (SGLT2i) in real-world settings and kidney outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) in mainland China.

Methods: In a retrospective analysis of electronic medical records from West China Hospital of Sichuan University, patients with T2D and CKD were included. Patients were divided into two groups, those initiating treatment with SGLT2i and those receiving other glucose-lowering drugs (oGLDs).

Mobile-Based Platform With a Low-Calorie Dietary Intervention Involving Prepackaged Food for Weight Loss for People With Overweight and Obesity in China: Half-Year Follow-Up Results of a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Obesity is a rapidly increasing health problem in China, causing massive economic and health losses annually. Many techniques have emerged to help people with obesity better adhere to intervention programs and achieve their weight loss goals, including food replacement and internet-delivered weight loss consultations. Most studies on weight loss interventions mainly focused on the change in body weight or BMI; however, body fat, especially visceral fat mass, is considered the main pathogenic factor in obesity.

Periconceptional folic acid supplementation for women with epilepsy: A systematic review of the literature.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate whether folic acid supplementation at normal or high doses could reduce major congenital malformations and improve neurodevelopment in the offspring of women with epilepsy (WWE).

Methods: The MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and ClinicalTrials.gov databases were searched for observational studies reporting pregnancy outcomes and information about folic acid supplementation in WWE, with a cut-off date of December 5, 2023.

The bidirectional relationship between sleep disturbance and anxiety: Sleep disturbance is a stronger predictor of anxiety.

Background: Both sleep disturbance and anxiety are common problems that significantly affect human health, but little is known about their causal relationship. The aim of this study was to explore the causal relationship between them with a large sample of community-dwelling adults included.

Methods: Data for this study were extracted from the baseline survey of West China Natural Population Cohort Study (WCNPCS) and follow-up in the following year.

Therapeutic value of patent foramen ovale closure for drug-resistant epilepsy: A case series report.

Objective: Closure surgery of patent foramen ovale (PFO) has been found to effectively control cryptogenic stroke and migraine, but it is uncertain whether PFO closure could also alleviate epileptic seizures. This study aims to observe the therapeutic effect of PFO closure on epileptic seizures.

Methods: Since July 11th, 2017, in the neurology department of West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, we have been regularly monitoring patients with epilepsy who have undergone PFO closure.

Impacts of education level on Montreal Cognitive Assessment and saccades in community residents from Western China.

Objectives: This cross-sectional study sought to evaluate the effectiveness of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and saccade in discerning the cognitive function levels among community populations characterized by diverse educational backgrounds.

Methods: Data from 665 Western China individuals encompassed MoCA scores and saccade performance. The study examined how education level and age influenced these assessments and highlighted the contrasting abilities of these measures in detecting cognitive abnormalities.

Exploring spatiotemporal pattern in the association between short-term exposure to fine particulate matter and COVID-19 incidence in the continental United States: a Leroux-conditional-autoregression-based strategy.

Background: Numerous studies have demonstrated that fine particulate matter (PM) is adversely associated with COVID-19 incidence. However, few studies have explored the spatiotemporal heterogeneity in this association, which is critical for developing cost-effective pollution-related policies for a specific location and epidemic stage, as well as, understanding the temporal change of association between PM and an emerging infectious disease like COVID-19.

Methods: The outcome was state-level daily COVID-19 cases in 49 native United States between April 1, 2020 and December 31, 2021.

Resting energy expenditure based on equation estimation can predict renal outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and biopsy-proven diabetic kidney disease.

Aims: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between resting energy expenditure (REE) based on equation estimation and renal outcomes in patients with diabetes kidney disease (DKD).

Methods: A total of 124 patients were enrolled from a retrospective cohort of Type 2 Diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients with biopsy-proven DKD. Renal outcome defined as End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD).

Using a time-varying LCAR-based strategy to investigate the spatiotemporal pattern of association between short-term exposure to particulate matter and COVID-19 incidence: a case study in the continental USA.

Numerous studies have demonstrated that short-term exposure to particulate matter less than 10 μm (PM) is positively associated with the COVID-19 incidence. However, no study has investigated the spatiotemporal pattern in this association, which plays important roles in identifying high-susceptibility regions and stages of epidemic. In this work, taking the 49 native states in America as an example, we used an advanced strategy to investigate this issue.

Multisite and multitimepoint proteomics reveal that patent foramen ovale closure improves migraine and epilepsy by reducing right-to-left shunt-induced hypoxia.

Patent foramen ovale (PFO) is a congenital defect in the partition between two atria, which may cause right-to-left shunt (RLS), leading to neurological chronic diseases with episodic manifestations (NCDEMs), such as migraine and epilepsy. However, whether PFO closure was effective in improving NCDEMs and the mechanism were unclear. Twenty-eight patients with migraine or epilepsy who underwent PFO closure were recruited.

The efficacy and safety of patent Foramen Ovale Closure for Refractory Epilepsy (PFOC-RE): a prospectively randomized control trial of an innovative surgical therapy for refractory epilepsy patients with PFO of high-grade right-to-left shunt.

Background: A significant proportion of patients with epilepsy have an unknown etiology and lack effective targeted therapeutic drugs. Patent Foramen Ovale (PFO) induces hypoxia and microembolism, leading to cerebral neurological dysfunction and increased epilepsy risk. This study aims to assess the efficacy and safety of PFO closure for relieving epileptic seizures in patients with refractory epilepsy associated with PFO.

Associations of lactate dehydrogenase with risk of renal outcomes and cardiovascular mortality in individuals with diabetic kidney disease.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the role of the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in the development of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and the cardiovascular mortality in individuals with diabetic kidney disease (DKD).

Methods: Two cohorts were recruited in this study. We explored the correlation between LDH and renal injury in individuals with DKD in using a Cohort 1.

Risk assessment model for sleep disturbance based on gastrointestinal myoelectrical activity in middle-aged and elderly people.

Background: Sleep disturbance has become a considerable factor affecting the quality of life for middle-aged and elderly people; however, there are still many obstacles to screening sleep disturbance for those people. Given the growing awareness of the association between gastrointestinal function and sleep disturbance, our study aims to predict the risk of sleep disturbance using gastrointestinal electrophysiological signals.

Methods: The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and gastrointestinal electrophysiological signals of 914 participants in western China were used to establish the model.

Association of patent foramen ovale with epilepsy: A hospital-based case-control study.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the proportion of patent foramen ovale (PFO) in people with epilepsy (PWE) compared to controls without epilepsy and to assess whether PWEs with and without PFO exhibit distinctive clinical features.

Methods: This is a case-control study conducted in a hospital. Contrast transthoracic echocardiography with a venous microbubble bolus and provocative maneuvers (Valsalva and coughing) were used to identify PFO and its right-to-left shunt (RLS) among 741 PWEs and 800 controls without epilepsy.

Connection between right-to-left shunt and photosensitivity: a community-based cross-sectional study.

Background: Hypersensitivity to light is a common symptom associated with dysfunction of the occipital region. Earlier studies also suggested that clinically significant right-to-left shunt (RLS) could increase occipital cortical excitability associated with the occurrence of migraine. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between RLS and photosensitivity.

Identifying risk factors for polycystic ovary syndrome in women with epilepsy: A comprehensive analysis of 248 patients.

To assess the risk factors for polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in women with epilepsy (WWE) and develop a practical approach for PCOS screening based on clinical characteristic, blood indicator, and anti-seizure medication (ASM) profiles. This cross-sectional study was conducted with 248 WWE who were consecutively enrolled from the Epilepsy Center of West China Hospital between April 2021 and March 2022. The epilepsy characteristics, blood indicators, and use of ASMs were compared between WWE with and without PCOS.

Early mobilisation practice in intensive care units: A large-scale cross-sectional survey in China.

Background: The field of early rehabilitation has developed slowly in mainland China and there are limited data on the implementation of early mobilisation (EM) practice in intensive care unit (ICUs) in China.

Aims: To investigate the implementation of EM in ICUs in mainland China and to analyse its influencing factors.

Study Design: A cross-sectional electronic survey was conducted in 444 ICUs across 11 provinces in China.

Relationship between right-to-left shunt, hypoxia, and epilepsy.

Objective: A right-to-left shunt (RLS) can mediate the hypoxic state, and hypoxemia is relevant for the development of drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE). The objective of this study was to identify the relationship between RLS and DRE and further investigate the contribution of RLS to the oxygenation state in patients with epilepsy (PWEs).

Methods: We performed a prospective observational clinical study of PWEs who underwent contrast medium transthoracic echocardiography (cTTE) between January 2018 and December 2021 at West China Hospital.

Intravitreal vascular endothelial growth factor inhibitors did not increase the risk of end-stage renal disease in patients with biopsy-proven diabetic kidney disease based on matched study.

This study aimed to investigate the effects of intravitreal (IVT) VEGFi on long-term renal outcomes in patients with biopsy-proven diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Patients prescribed IVT VEGFi (VEGFi group) were enrolled from a retrospective cohort with biopsy-proven DKD, and those not prescribed VEGFi (non-VEGFi group) were enrolled by 1:3 propensity score matching, adjusted for clinical and pathological baseline indicators. The primary endpoint is defined as end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and the secondary endpoint is defined as all-cause mortality.

Development of a Gastrointestinal-Myoelectrical-Activity-Based Nomogram Model for Predicting the Risk of Mild Cognitive Impairment.

Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is the prodromal stage and an important risk factor of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Interventions at the MCI stage are significant in reducing the occurrence of AD. However, there are still many obstacles to the screening of MCI, resulting in a large number of patients going undetected.

Lower bile acids as an independent risk factor for renal outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and biopsy-proven diabetic kidney disease.

Aims: Abnormalities of glucolipid metabolism are critical mechanisms involved in the progression of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Bile acids have an essential role in regulating glucolipid metabolism. This study investigated the clinicopathological characteristics of DKD patients with different bile acid levels and explored the relationship between bile acids and renal outcomes of DKD patients.

The ability of critical care nurses to identify pressure injury and incontinence-associated dermatitis: A multicentre cross-sectional survey.

Aim: To investigate the ability of critical care nurses to identify pressure injury and incontinence-associated dermatitis and analyse the possible influencing factors.

Design: Cross-sectional survey.

Methods: This study was conducted at 24 hospitals across 12 provinces in China.

Family functioning and delinquency among Chinese adolescents: Mediating effects of positive behavior recognition according to the humanistic perspective.

Background: Empirical research on the relationship between family functioning and delinquency has been sparse, although many studies have focused on the influence of family functioning on adolescent development. The current research aimed to fill this gap by exploring the influences of family functioning on adolescent delinquency and the mechanisms connecting the processes.

Methods: We derived the baseline data from a prospective observational school-based cohort Chengdu Positive Child Development (CPCD) project.

Longer depressive duration reduces sleep duration more: A longitudinal study in the middle-aged and elderly Chinese.

Background: Quantifying the effect of depression on sleep duration is of great importance to the diagnosis, control, prevention of sleep-related diseases and understanding related biological mechanisms. However, existing studies explored the effect without considering depressive duration, which may cause inaccurate results.

Methods: Accessing the data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study in 2011, 2013, 2015 and 2018, we used the interval between two interviews with persistent depression status to approximate depressive duration.