Adaptive Reproductive Strategies of an Ectoparasitoid under the Stress of Its Entomopathogenic Fungus .

Complex interspecific relationships between parasites and their insect hosts involve multiple factors and are affected by their ecological and evolutionary context. A parasitoid (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) and an entomopathogenic fungus (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae) shared the same host in nature, (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae). They often encountered the semi-enclosed microhabitat of the host larvae or pupae.

Thiamine diphosphate reduction strongly correlates with brain glucose hypometabolism in Alzheimer's disease, whereas amyloid deposition does not.

Background: The underlying mechanism of brain glucose hypometabolism, an invariant neurodegenerative feature that tightly correlates with cognitive impairment and disease progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD), remains elusive.

Methods: Positron emission tomography with 2-[F]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG-PET) was used to evaluate brain glucose metabolism, presented as the rate of 2-[F]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose standardized uptake value ratio (FDG SUVR) in patients with AD or control subjects and in mice with or without thiamine deficiency induced by a thiamine-deprived diet. Brain amyloid-β (Aβ) deposition in patients with clinically diagnosed AD was quantified by performing assays using C-Pittsburgh compound B PET.

Diagnostic value of blood thiamine metabolites in Alzheimer's disease examined by C-PiB PET scanning.

Aim: We evaluated the diagnostic value of blood thiamine metabolites for Alzheimer's disease (AD) by using positron emission tomography with C-Pittsburgh compound B (C-PiB PET) scanning.

Methods: Thirty-eight clinically diagnosed AD patients were voluntarily recruited. Blood thiamine metabolites were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography.

Long-Term Cognitive Improvement After Benfotiamine Administration in Patients with Alzheimer's Disease.

To date, we still lack disease-modifying therapies for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Here, we report that long-term administration of benfotiamine improved the cognitive ability of patients with AD. Five patients with mild to moderate AD received oral benfotiamine (300 mg daily) over 18 months.

Measurement of Blood Thiamine Metabolites for Alzheimer's Disease Diagnosis.

Background: Brain glucose hypometabolism is an invariant feature and has significant diagnostic value for Alzheimer's disease. Thiamine diphosphate (TDP) is a critical coenzyme for glucose metabolism and significantly reduced in brain and blood samples of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD).

Aims: To explore the diagnostic value of the measurement of blood thiamine metabolites for AD.

[Expression of anaplastic lymphoma kinase and its clinical significance in non-small cell lung cancer].

Objective: To investigate the frequency of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) expression in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients and its correlation with the clinicopathologic features.

Methods: ALK immunohistochemistry and ALK fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) were performed on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue in 100 cases of NSCLCs between 2011 and 2013. Relevant clinicopathologic data were collected and correlated with ALK expression.

Subvastus versus medial parapatellar approach in total knee arthroplasty: meta-analysis.

The subvastus and medial parapatellar approaches are 2 commonly performed techniques in total knee arthroplasty, but the optimal approach for total knee arthroplasty remains controversial. The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness and safety of the subvastus vs medial parapatellar approach.The PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Inter-Services Intelligence Web of Knowledge, and Chinese Biomedical Literature databases were searched for eligible quasi-randomized, controlled and randomized, controlled trials.

A copper chaperone for superoxide dismutase that confers three types of copper/zinc superoxide dismutase activity in Arabidopsis.

The copper chaperone for superoxide dismutase (CCS) has been identified as a key factor integrating copper into copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (CuZnSOD) in yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and mammals. In Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), only one putative CCS gene (AtCCS, At1g12520) has been identified. The predicted AtCCS polypeptide contains three distinct domains: a central domain, flanked by an ATX1-like domain, and a C-terminal domain.

AtHVA22 gene family in Arabidopsis: phylogenetic relationship, ABA and stress regulation, and tissue-specific expression.

HVA22 is an ABA- and stress-inducible gene first isolated from barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). Homologues of HVA22 have been found in plants, animals, fungi and protozoa, but not in prokaryotes, suggesting that HVA22 plays a unique role in eukaryotes.