Automated deep learning-assisted early detection of radiation-induced temporal lobe injury on MRI: a multicenter retrospective analysis.

Objectives: To evaluate the benefits of an automated deep learning-based tool (RTLI-DM) for early detection of radiation-induced temporal lobe injury (RTLI) on MRI.

Materials And Methods: A total of 396 RTLI and 3181 non-RTLI patients were retrospectively included from a cohort of 6483 NPC patients who underwent radiotherapy and MRI follow-ups at four hospitals from January 2010 to June 2021. We developed and validated an automated RTLI-DM using the initial abnormal MRI of RTLI patients and the final MRI of non-RTLI patients.

The combination of flaxseed lignans and PD-1/ PD-L1 inhibitor inhibits breast cancer growth via modulating gut microbiome and host immunity.

Background: Patients with breast cancer (BC) who benefit from the PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor (PDi) is limited, necessitating novel strategies to improve immunotherapy efficacy of BC. Here we aimed to investigate the inhibitory effects of flaxseed lignans (FL) on the biological behaviors of BC and evaluate the roles of FL in enhancing the anticancer effects of PDi.

Methods: HPLC was used to detect the content of enterolactone (ENL), the bacterial transformation product of FL.

Enlarged Foramen Ovale-Caused Meningeal Bulge in a Pilot.

Background: Meningocele results from a defect in the skull base bone, causing meningeal prolapse. Clinical manifestations of meningocele are often nonspecific and prone to misdiagnosis. Inadequate treatment may lead to severe complications, including cerebrospinal fluid leakage, meningitis, or, in rare cases, epilepsy, thereby posing significant risks to patients involved in aerospace operations.

Scalable production and purification of engineered ARRDC1-mediated microvesicles in a HEK293 suspension cell system.

Engineering of human ARRDC1-mediated microvesicles (ARMMs) as non-viral vehicles for delivery of gene therapies bears the potential to enable novel therapeutic paradigms. We evaluated two scalable strategies to generate ARMMs loaded with protein cargo, by transient transfection or stable cell line-based production. The upstream ARMMs production processes utilized a suspension-adapted HEK293-derived line, termed 5B8.

Targeted Degradation of ZBP1 with Covalent PROTACs for Anti-Inflammatory Treatment of Infections.

Z-DNA binding protein 1 (ZBP1) has emerged as a critical pathogen-sensing protein that upon activation, triggers necroptotic signaling cascades, leading to a potent inflammatory response and potentially causing significant tissue damage. However, available drugs specifically developed for the effective inhibition or degradation of ZBP1 is still lacking so far. In this study, we developed a potent covalent recognition-based PROTAC (C-PROTAC) molecule for the degradation of ZBP1.

A large-scale integrated transcriptomic atlas for soybean organ development.

Soybean is one of the most important crops in the world and its production needs to be significantly increased to meet the escalating global demand. Elucidating the genetic regulatory networks underlying soybean organ development is critical for breeding elite and resilient varieties to ensure an increase in soybean production under the changing climates. Integrated transcriptomic atlas that leverages multiple types of transcriptomic data can facilitate the characterization of temporal-spatial expression patterns of most organ development-related genes and thereby help understand organ developmental processes.

Large vessel occlusion identification network with vessel guidance and asymmetry learning on CT angiography of acute ischemic stroke patients.

Identifying large vessel occlusion (LVO) is of significant importance for the treatment and prognosis of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients. CT Angiography (CTA) is commonly used in LVO identification due to its visibility of vessels and short acquisition time. It is challenging to make LVO identification methods focus on vascular regions without vessel segmentation while accurate vessel segmentation is difficult and takes more time.

Dual Pathways of Photorelease Carbon Monoxide via Photosensitization for Tumor Treatment.

Carbon monoxide (CO) gas therapy, as an emerging therapeutic strategy, is promising in tumor treatment. However, the development of a red or near-infrared light-driven efficient CO release strategy is still challenging due to the limited physicochemical characteristics of the photoactivated carbon monoxide-releasing molecules (photoCORMs). Here, we discovered a novel photorelease CO mechanism that involved dual pathways of CO release via photosensitization.

The role of the gut microbiota and the nicotinate/nicotinamide pathway in rotenone-induced neurotoxicity.

Rotenone is a natural compound from plants. It is widely used in pesticides because of highly toxic to insects and fish. However, lots of research has reported that rotenone has neurotoxic effects in humans.

An improvement in visual acuity accompanied by the development of RPE tear: a case report.

Background: Retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) tear is a well-known complication of RPE detachment and is typically associated with significant visual acuity decline. However, in this case, despite the occurrence of an RPE tear there was an unexpected improvement in visual acuity.

Case Presentation: A 68-year-old male presented with blurred vision in his right eye of a month's duration.

Enterolactone combined with m6A Reader IGF2BP3 inhibits malignant angiogenesis and disease progression in ovarian cancer.

Background: Among all gynecological cancers, ovarian cancer is the leading cause of death. Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) accounts for over 85 % of ovarian cancer cases and is characterized by insidious onset, early metastasis, and a high recurrence rate. Alterations in gut microbiota, often as a consequence of chemotherapy, can promote cancer development and exacerbate the disease.

Helical dislocation-driven plasticity and flexible high-performance thermoelectric generator in α-MgBi single crystals.

Inorganic plastic semiconductors play a crucial role in the realm of flexible electronics. In this study, we present a cost-effective plastic thermoelectric semimetal magnesium bismuthide (α-MgBi), exhibiting remarkable thermoelectric performance. Bulk single-crystalline α-MgBi exhibits considerable plastic deformation at room temperature, allowing for the fabrication of intricate shapes such as the letters "SUSTECH" and a flexible chain.

The Role of Med15 Sequence Features in Transcription Factor Interactions.

Med15 is a general transcriptional regulator and tail module subunit within the RNA Pol II mediator complex. The Med15 protein has a well-structured N-terminal KIX domain, three activator binding domains (ABDs) and several naturally variable polyglutamine (poly-Q) tracts (Q1, Q2, Q3) embedded in an intrinsically disordered central region, and a C-terminal mediator association domain (MAD). We investigated how the presence of ABDs and changes in length and composition of poly-Q tracts influences Med15 activity using phenotypic, gene expression, transcription factor interaction and phase separation assays of truncation, deletion, and synthetic alleles.

Rapid Deployment of Antiviral Drugs Using Single-Virus Tracking and Machine Learning.

The outbreak of emerging acute viral diseases urgently requires the acceleration of specialized antiviral drug development, thus widely adopting phenotypic screening as a strategy for drug repurposing in antiviral research. However, traditional phenotypic screening methods typically require several days of experimental cycles and lack visual confirmation of a drug's ability to inhibit viral infection. Here, we report a robust method that utilizes quantum-dot-based single-virus tracking and machine learning to generate unique single-virus infection fingerprint data from viral trajectories and detect the dynamic changes in viral movement following drug administration.

Suppressed oncogenic molecules involved in the treatment of colorectal cancer by fecal microbiota transplantation.

Dysbiosis of the intestinal microbiota is prevalent among patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). This study aims to explore the anticancer roles of the fecal microbiota in inhibiting the progression of colorectal cancer and possible mechanisms. The intestinal microbial dysbiosis in CRC mice was significantly ameliorated by fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), as indicated by the restored ACE index and Shannon index.

Dexamethasone implant for refractory macular edema secondary to diabetic retinopathy and retinal vein occlusion.

Aim: To evaluate the efficacy, timing of retreatment and safety of dexamethasone (DEX) implant on macular edema (ME) secondary to diabetic retinopathy (DME) and retinal vein occlusion (RVO-ME) patients who were refractory to anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) treatment.

Methods: This retrospective study included 37 eyes received at least one DEX implant treatment for DME or RVO-ME between January 1, 2019, and January 1, 2023. These refractory DME and RVO-ME cases received at least 5 anti-VEGF injections and failure to gain more than 5 letters or a significant reduction in central retinal thickness (CRT).

A chitosan-modified tea tree oil self-nanoemulsion improves antibacterial effects in vivo and in vitro and promotes wound healing by influencing metabolic processes against multidrug-resistant bacterial infections.

Infectious diseases, especially multidrug-resistant bacterial infections, have caused crises and majorly disrupted public health and economic stability worldwide. Many natural essential oils, especially tea tree oil, have potential to treat multidrug-resistant bacteria, such as H. pylori and P.

Loss of Lateral suppressor gene is associated with evolution of root nodule symbiosis in Leguminosae.

Background: Root nodule symbiosis (RNS) is a fascinating evolutionary event. Given that limited genes conferring the evolution of RNS in Leguminosae have been functionally validated, the genetic basis of the evolution of RNS remains largely unknown. Identifying the genes involved in the evolution of RNS will help to reveal the mystery.

An Inhalable Nanoshield for Effective Prevention of Influenza Virus Infections.

Influenza virus (IV) infection currently poses a serious and continuing threat to the global public health. Developing effective prevention strategies is important to defend against infection and spread of IV. Here, we developed a triple-protective nanoshield against IV infection in the lungs, formed by self-assembling DSPE-PEG amphiphilic polymers encapsulating the flu-preventive antiviral drug Arbidol internally.

Natural allelic variations confer drought tolerance and influence nodule formation in soybean.

Unlabelled: Soybean [ (L.) Merr.] is one of the most important, but a drought-sensitive, crops.