Tunnel barriers for Fe-based spin valves providing high spin-polarized current.

Employing density functional theory for ground state quantum mechanical calculations and the non-equilibrium Green's function method for transport calculations, we investigate the potential of CdS, ZnS, CdZnS, and ZnCdS as tunnel barriers in magnetic tunnel junctions for spintronics. Based on the finding that the valence band edges of these semiconductors are dominated by p orbitals and the conduction band edges by s orbitals, we show that symmetry filtering of the Bloch states in magnetic tunnel junctions with Fe electrodes results in high tunneling magnetoresistances and high spin-polarized current (up to two orders of magnitude higher than in the case of the Fe/MgO/Fe magnetic tunnel junction).

Electroencephalography (EEG) for Neurological Prognostication in Post-Anoxic Coma Following Cardiac Arrest and Its Relationship to Outcome.

Background/objectives: Cardiac arrest may cause significant hypoxic-ischemic injury leading to coma, seizures, myoclonic jerks, or status epilepticus. Mortality is high, but accurate prognostication is challenging. A multimodal approach is employed, in which electroencephalography (EEG) forms a key part with several recognised patterns of prognostic significance.

Machine Learning-based Prognostic Subgrouping of Glioblastoma: A Multi-center Study.

Background: Glioblastoma is the most aggressive adult primary brain cancer, characterized by significant heterogeneity, posing challenges for patient management, treatment planning, and clinical trial stratification.

Methods: We developed a highly reproducible, personalized prognostication and clinical subgrouping system using machine learning (ML) on routine clinical data, MRI, and molecular measures from 2,838 demographically diverse patients across 22 institutions and 3 continents. Patients were stratified into favorable, intermediate, and poor prognostic subgroups (I, II, III) using Kaplan-Meier analysis (Cox proportional model and hazard ratios [HR]).

Acute Viral Hepatitis E Presenting With Bell's Palsy and Acute Pancreatitis: A Case Report.

Hepatitis E is a hepatotropic virus and the most common cause of acute viral hepatitis among adults in India. It has four genotypes, and genotype 1 is mostly associated with sporadic cases. It typically causes self-limiting acute hepatitis following a prodromal course.

Cannabis use, sleep and mood disturbances among persons with epilepsy - A clinical and polysomnography study from a Canadian tertiary care epilepsy center.

Objective: Interest in anti-seizure properties of cannabinoids is increasing, with the rise in prevalence of recreational and medical cannabis use, especially across Canada. In a recent study on people with epilepsy (PWE), cannabis use showed a strong association with poor psychosocial health. Sleep and mood comorbidities are highly prevalent in epilepsy, and are common motivations for cannabis use.

Exploring the effects of homocysteine metabolism in osteoporosis management in Indian adult females.

Women are at a significantly higher risk of osteoporotic fractures, largely due to progressive bone demineralization and impaired bone microarchitecture. Low bone mineral density (BMD) is a common condition in women worldwide. Disrupted homocysteine (Hcy) metabolism has been linked to reduced BMD and increased risk of osteoporotic fractures.

Computed tomography of the head with and without contrast in imaging focal and unknown epilepsy - A prospective observational study.

Purpose: Brain imaging is needed when investigating epilepsy. Imaging options available include MRI and CT scan which may be non-contrast (NCCT) or contrast-enhanced (CECT). The specific clinical question and probable epilepsy substrate in the epidemiological context and socioeconomic milieu are important in determining the choice of imaging.

The multifaceted anticancer potential of luteolin: involvement of NF-κB, AMPK/mTOR, PI3K/Akt, MAPK, and Wnt/β-catenin pathways.

Cancer is the predominant and major cause of fatality worldwide, based on the different types of cancer. There is a limitation in the current treatment. So we need better therapeutic agents that counteract the progression and development of malignant tumours.

Enhancing genomic disorder prediction through Feynman Concordance and Interpolated Nearest Centroid techniques.

Clinical biomedical applications of genomic technologies are extensive and provide possibilities to enhance healthcare covering the span of medical talents. Genome disorder prediction is an important issue in biomedical research. Genome disorders cause multivariate diseases such as cancer, dementia, diabetes, Leigh syndrome, etc.

Recent advances in microbially derived chlorinated antiparasitic compounds.

Parasitic diseases remain a significant global health challenge, especially in developing countries, contributing to approximately one million deaths annually. Notably, among the 143 FDA-approved antiparasitic drugs, thirty-four possess chlorine in their chemical structure, highlighting the importance of chlorine substitution. This underscores the significance of chlorine atoms in elucidating structure-activity relationships crucial for drug discovery, aiming to develop safer, more selective, and environmentally friendly molecules with enhanced efficacy.

Histopathological Features of Chronic Gastritis and its Association with Infection.

Background/aims: A () infection is the most common cause of chronic gastritis (CG), with approximately 50% of the world's population infected. Long-term infection increases the risk of progression to gastric cancer. This study evaluated the histopathological changes in CG using the Updated Sydney System (USS) to estimate the prevalence and correlation of gastritis with other histological variables.

A unique bacterial family strikes again!

Garcia et al. recently identified a novel myxobacterial family, Pendulisporaceae, encompassing four strains with novel biosynthetic gene clusters. This study underscores the value of exploring underrepresented microbial taxa for novel natural products, highlighting the potential of the family Pendulisporaceae as a source of new antimicrobial and therapeutic agents.

Quality of life and cannabis use among patients with drug-resistant epilepsy-An observational study from a Canadian tertiary care referral center.

Objective: Very few publications have reported the impact of artisanal cannabis use on overall quality of life among people with drug-resistant epilepsy. This study aimed to evaluate the association of artisanal cannabis use among adults with drug-resistant epilepsy with quality of life, and to determine if an association exists between Quality-of-Life in Epilepsy Inventory-31 (QOLIE-31) 'T scores' and different clinical variables.

Methods: This study included patients admitted to a Canadian tertiary care epilepsy center as part of a larger study.

Synergistic Enhancement of Mechanical and Electrochemical Properties in Grafted Polymer/Oxide Hybrid Electrolytes.

Lithium metal batteries operated with high voltage cathodes are predestined for the realization of high energy storage systems, where solid polymer electrolytes offer a possibility to improve battery safety. AlO_PCL is introduced as promising hybrid electrolyte made from polycaprolactone (PCL) and AlO nanoparticles that can be prepared in a one-pot synthesis as a random mixture of linear PCL and PCL-grafted AlO. Upon grafting, synergistic effects of mechanical stability and ionic conductivity are achieved.

Association Between Time From Surgery to Radiation Therapy and Multimodality Treatment Outcomes in HPV+ Head and Neck Cancer: A Multi-Institutional Cohort Experience.

Purpose: Oropharyngeal squamous cell cancers (OPSCCs) are traditionally managed with surgery and, if indicated, adjuvant radiation therapy (RT) with or without chemotherapy. NCCN recommends keeping the time from surgery to the start of RT (TSRT) within 6 weeks to avoid possibly compromising patient outcomes. HPV+ OPSCCs behave more favorably than HPV- OPSCCs.

Iridium(III)-catalyzed photoredox cross-coupling of alkyl bromides with trialkyl amines: access to α-alkylated aldehydes.

A C(sp)-C(sp) cross coupling approach based on an iridium-photocatalytic radical process has been developed enabling the synthesis of various α-alkylated aldehydes from easily available/synthesized alkyl bromides and trialkyl amines under mild photocatalytic conditions. The synthesized aldehydes are also explored as a functional handle for various useful products such as carboxylic acid, alcohol and N-heterocycle synthesis.

Decoding the role of oxidative stress resistance and alternative carbon substrate assimilation in the mature biofilm growth mode of Candida glabrata.

Background: Biofilm formation is viewed as a vital mechanism in C. glabrata pathogenesis. Although, it plays a significant role in virulence but transcriptomic architecture and metabolic pathways governing the biofilm growth mode of C.

Literature review and protocol for a prospective multicentre cohort study on multimodal prediction of seizure recurrence after unprovoked first seizure.

Introduction: Epilepsy is a common neurological disorder characterised by recurrent seizures. Almost half of patients who have an unprovoked first seizure (UFS) have additional seizures and develop epilepsy. No current predictive models exist to determine who has a higher risk of recurrence to guide treatment.