Real-time and programmable transcriptome sequencing with PROFIT-seq.

The high diversity and complexity of the eukaryotic transcriptome make it difficult to effectively detect specific transcripts of interest. Current targeted RNA sequencing methods often require complex pre-sequencing enrichment steps, which can compromise the comprehensive characterization of the entire transcriptome. Here we describe programmable full-length isoform transcriptome sequencing (PROFIT-seq), a method that enriches target transcripts while maintaining unbiased quantification of the whole transcriptome.

Formation of Si nanopillars through partial sacrificing in super passivation reactive ion etching.

The vertical gate-all-around (VGAA) metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET) holds remarkable potential in the three-dimensional (3D) integrated circuits (ICs), primarily owing to its capacity for vertical integration. The Si nanopillar, a crucial channel in the VGAA MOSFET, is conventionally shaped via the reactive ion etching (RIE) system employing SF/O. Past studies have indicated that high Ogas conditions in RIE often result in Si grasses irregular nanostructures, such as nanospikes on the bottom surface, due to over-passivation.

Complete biodegradation of tetrabromobisphenol A through sequential anaerobic reductive dehalogenation and aerobic oxidation.

Tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA), a common brominated flame retardant and a notorious pollutant in anaerobic environments, resists aerobic degradation but can undergo reductive dehalogenation to produce bisphenol A (BPA), an endocrine disruptor. Conversely, BPA is resistant to anaerobic biodegradation but susceptible to aerobic degradation. Microbial degradation of TBBPA via anoxic/oxic processes is scarcely documented.

Use of the Disposcope endoscope for awake orotracheal intubation in an elderly patient with a large vocal cord polyp -a case report.

Background: Vocal cord polyps are commonly encountered in the otorhinolaryngology department. The risk of anesthesia is high in patients with large vocal cord polyps. Awake intubation with appropriate airway tools provides a favorable safety profile.

Research on the Deformation Law of Foundation Excavation and Support Based on Fluid-Solid Coupling Theory.

To investigate the impact of underground water seepage and soil stress fields on the deformation of excavation and support structures, this study initially identified the key influencing factors on excavation deformation. Subsequently, through a finite element simulation analysis using Plaxis, this study explored the effects of critical factors, such as the excavation support form, groundwater lowering depth, permeability coefficient, excavation layer, and sequence on excavation deformation. Furthermore, a comprehensive consideration of various adverse factors was integrated to establish excavation support early warning thresholds, and optimal dewatering strategies.

Strategies for Preventing Esophageal Stenosis After Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection and Progress in Stem Cell-Based Therapies.

Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) has been widely used in the early neoplasia of the esophagus. However, postoperative esophageal stenosis is a big problem, particularly when a large circumferential proportion of esophageal mucosa is resected. Currently, there are several methods available to prevent esophageal stenosis after ESD, including steroid administration, esophageal stent implantation, and endoscopic balloon dilation (EBD).

A new ferroptosis-related signature model including messenger RNAs and long non-coding RNAs predicts the prognosis of gastric cancer patients.

Background And Objectives: Gastric cancer (GC) is among the most malignant tumor types, which causes heavy healthy and economic burden to the people and societies all around the world. Establishment of an effective set of prognostic marker will benefit a lot to the treatment of GC patients clinically. Ferroptosis is a newly identified regulated cell death modality, with tight relevance with GC development.

Deep skin diseases diagnostic system with Dual-channel Image and Extracted Text.

Background: Due to the lower reliability of laboratory tests, skin diseases are more suitable for diagnosis with AI models. There are limited AI dermatology diagnostic models combining images and text; few of these are for Asian populations, and few cover the most common types of diseases.

Methods: Leveraging a dataset sourced from Asia comprising over 200,000 images and 220,000 medical records, we explored a deep learning-based system for Dual-channel images and extracted text for the diagnosis of skin diseases model DIET-AI to diagnose 31 skin diseases, which covers the majority of common skin diseases.

Hemoglobin-to-Red Cell Distribution Width Ratio is Associated with All-Cause Mortality in Critically Ill Patients with Traumatic Brain Injury.

Background: Hemoglobin-to-red cell distribution width ratio (HRR) has shown good prognostic value in various cancers. However, the relationship between HRR and outcomes in critically ill patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the association between HRR and mortality among critically ill patients with TBI.

Identification of PTPN20 as an innate immunity-related gene in gastric cancer with Helicobacter pylori infection.

Background: Gastric cancer (GC) is among the deadliest diseases with countless incidences and deaths each year. (Hp) is the primary type of microbe that colonizes the stomach. In recent years, increasing evidence has demonstrated that Hp infection is one of the main risk factors for GC.

Association between obesity and short- and medium-term mortality in critically ill patients with atrial fibrillation: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: There has been controversy about how obesity affects the clinical prognosis for patients with atrial fibrillation (AF), and the relationship between obesity and outcomes in critically ill patients with AF remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to explore the association between obesity and short- and medium-term mortality in critically ill patients with AF.

Methods: The Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care-IV (MIMIC-IV) database was used to conduct a retrospective cohort analysis on 9282 critically ill patients with AF.

Analysis of the correlation between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and the risk of colorectal neoplasms.

This study aims at assessing the potential association between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and colorectal neoplasms (CRN). PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Embase were searched for cohort studies. 14 cohort studies with a total population of 38,761,773 were included for meta-analysis after selection.

Transient B-cell depletion and regulatory T-cells mediation in combination with adenovirus mediated IGF-1 prevents and reverses autoimmune diabetes in NOD mice.

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is one of the T cells mediated autoimmune diseases, although B cells also play an important role in the development. Both T cell and B cell targeted immunotherapies exhibited efficacies in preventing and reversing the T1D. Current study was performed to investigate the protective effects of anti-CD20/CD3 bi-specific antibody (bsAb) in combination with adenovirus mediated mouse insulin-like growth factor 1 (Adv-mIGF-1) gene on T1D in non-obese diabetes (NOD) mice.

Development and validation of cuproptosis-related gene signature in the prognostic prediction of liver cancer.

Liver cancer is a generic term referring to several cancer types arising from the liver. Every year, liver cancer causes lots of deaths and other burdens to the people all over the world. Though the techniques in the diagnosis and therapy of liver cancer have undergone significant advances, the current status of treating liver cancer is not satisfactory enough.

Complete Reductive Dechlorination of 4-Hydroxy-chlorothalonil by Populations.

Chlorothalonil (2,4,5,6-tetrachloroisophthalonitrile, TePN) is one of the most widely used fungicides all over the world. Its major environmental transformation product 4-hydroxy-chlorothalonil (4-hydroxy-2,5,6-trichloroisophthalonitrile, 4-OH-TPN) is more persistent, mobile, and toxic and is frequently detected at a higher concentration in various habitats compared to its parent compound TePN. Further microbial transformation of 4-OH-TPN has never been reported.

Identification of Hub Genes in Colorectal Adenocarcinoma by Integrated Bioinformatics.

An improved understanding of the molecular mechanism of colorectal adenocarcinoma is necessary to predict the prognosis and develop new target gene therapy strategies. This study aims to identify hub genes associated with colorectal adenocarcinoma and further analyze their prognostic significance. In this study, The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) COAD-READ database and the gene expression profiles of GSE25070 from the Gene Expression Omnibus were collected to explore the differentially expressed genes between colorectal adenocarcinoma and normal tissues.

The enhanced beam sweeping algorithm for DOA estimation in the hybrid analog-digital structure with nested array.

As an emerging technology, the hybrid analog-digital structure has been considered for use in future millimeter-wave communications. Although this structure can reduce the hardware cost and power consumption considerably, the spatial covariance matrix (SCM), as the core of subspace-based direction of arrival (DOA) estimation, cannot be obtained directly. Previously, the beam sweeping algorithm (BSA) has been found effective for reconstructing the spatial covariance matrix and realizing DOA estimation by forming the beams to difference directions.

Cluster-Based Mutual Fund Classification and Price Prediction Using Machine Learning for Robo-Advisors.

The rise of FinTech has been meteoric in China. Investing in mutual funds through robo-advisor has become a new innovation in the wealth management industry. In recent years, machine learning, especially deep learning, has been widely used in the financial industry to solve financial problems.

Parasitic Magnetism in Magnetoelectric Antiferromagnet.

Parasitic magnetism plays an important role in magnetoelectric spin switching of antiferromagnetic oxides, but its mechanism has not been clearly investigated. Unlike the widely obtained surface boundary magnetization in magnetoelectric CrO antiferromagnet, we previously reported that Al doping could produce volume-dependent parasitic magnetism () in CrO with the remaining magnetoelectric effect and antiferromagnetic properties. In this work, we systematically investigated the magnetic properties of in CrO through its different exchange coupling characteristics with the ferromagnet at various conditions.

Variance Reduction during the Fabrication of Sub-20 nm Si Cylindrical Nanopillars for Vertical Gate-All-Around Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistors.

The variance of sub-20 nm devices is a critical issue for large-scale integrated circuits. In this work, uniform sub-20 nm Si nanopillar (NP) arrays with a reduced diameter variance (to ±0.5 nm) and a cylindrical shape, which can be used for vertical gate-all-around metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors, were fabricated.

Microbial Communities Associated with Sustained Anaerobic Reductive Dechlorination of α-, β-, γ-, and δ-Hexachlorocyclohexane Isomers to Monochlorobenzene and Benzene.

Intensive historical and worldwide use of pesticide formulations containing hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) has led to widespread contamination. We derived four anaerobic enrichment cultures from HCH-contaminated soil capable of sustainably dechlorinating each of α-, β-, γ-, and δ-HCH isomers stoichiometrically to benzene and monochlorobenzene (MCB). For each isomer, the dechlorination rates, inferred from production rates of the dechlorinated products, MCB and benzene, increased progressively from <3 to ∼12 μM/day over 2 years.

A Dehalogenimonas Population Respires 1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene and Dichlorobenzenes.

Chlorobenzenes are ubiquitous contaminants in groundwater and soil at many industrial sites. Previously, we demonstrated the natural attenuation of chlorobenzenes and benzene at a contaminated site inferred from a 5 year site investigation and parallel laboratory microcosm studies. To identify the microbes responsible for the observed dechlorination of chlorobenzenes, the microbial community was surveyed using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing.

Surfactant-Enhanced Electroosmotic Flushing in a Trichlorobenzene Contaminated Clayey Soil.

Remediation of the sites contaminated with organic contaminants, such as chlorobenzenes, remains a challenging issue. Electroosmotic flushing can be a promising approach which is based on mechanism of electrokinetic remediation for removal of organic contaminants from fluids in low-permeability soil. To select an optimum surfactant that can effectively enhance electroosmotic flushing, three common surfactants, Triton X-100 (EK2), Tween 80 (EK3), and a mixture of sodium dodecyl sulfate and Triton X-100 (EK4) buffered with Na HPO /NaH PO solution, were tested.

Natural Attenuation and Anaerobic Benzene Detoxification Processes at a Chlorobenzene-Contaminated Industrial Site Inferred from Field Investigations and Microcosm Studies.

A five-year site investigation was conducted at a former chemical plant in Nanjing, China. The main contaminants were 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene (TCB) reaching concentrations up to 7300 μg/L, dichlorobenzene (DCB) isomers, monochlorobenzene (MCB), and benzene. Over time, these contaminants naturally attenuated to below regulatory levels under anaerobic conditions.