Immunomodulatory activity and molecular mechanisms of action of peptides derived from casein hydrolysate by alcalase and flavourzyme based on virtual screening.

This study aimed to screen novel immunomodulatory peptides from casein hydrolysates (CH) using alcalase and flavorzyme by virtual screening, and their molecular mechanism were further studied. Based on the primary structural characteristics of immunomodulatory peptides, along with their hydrophobicity and isoelectric point, 3 novel immunomodulatory peptides (ALPMHIR, AMKPWIQPK, NPWDQVKR) were quickly found using virtual screening. These peptides exhibited strong interactions with TLR2/TLR4 through hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions.

Discovery of Pyrazolo[1,5,4-de]quinoxalin-2(3)-one Derivatives as Highly Potent and Selective PARP1 Inhibitors.

Poly-ADP-ribose-polymerase 1/2 (PARP1/2) inhibitors have been approved for cancers with homologous recombination deficiency (HRD). However, their narrow therapeutic indexes largely due to hematologic toxicities have limited their clinical usefulness. Developing selective PARP1 inhibitors has emerged as an attractive strategy to achieve equivalent antitumor activity while alleviating the hematological toxicity caused by PARP2 inhibition.

New Insights into the Structure-Activity Relationship of a Novel Immunomodulatory Peptide (HPHPHLSF) from Casein Hydrolyzed by JY-1: Molecular Docking, Interaction Evaluation, and HOMO Analysis.

Casein is rich in immunomodulatory peptides. In this study, the release of casein-derived immunomodulatory peptides by JY-1 was investigated for the first time, and an immunosuppressive mouse model was used to evaluate the immunomodulatory activity in the casein hydrolysate. The results showed that the cellular and humoral immunity of immunosuppressed mice could be significantly enhanced by casein hydrolysate.

Novel casein-derived immunomodulatory peptide PFPEVFG: Activity assessment, molecular docking, activity site, and mechanism of action.

Presently, there is a gap in the knowledge of the structure-activity relationship of immunomodulatory peptides. In this study, PFPEVFG was selected as a peptide with immunomodulatory activity from casein hydrolysate by virtual screening, and its immunomodulatory activity was verified by the phagocytosis, proliferation, and expression of cytokines (IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α) and chemokines (CXCL1, CXCL2) in RAW 264.7 macrophages.

Characteristics of the Mixed Yogurt Fermented from Cow-Soy Milk in the Presence of Transglutaminase.

The mixed yogurt was fermented from Cow-Soy milk and modified by transglutaminase (TG). The effects of mixed milk and TG on the quality characteristics of mixed yogurt were investigated by texture characteristics, rheology (rheometer) and structure (scanning electron microscopy). The findings revealed that the mixed yogurt with 50% cow milk exhibited lower hardness, viscosity and consistency.

Lead Identification of Novel Naphthyridine Derivatives as Potent SOS1 Inhibitors.

SOS1, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF), plays a critical role in catalyzing the conversion of KRAS from its GDP- to GTP-bound form, regardless of mutation status, and represents a promising new drug target to treat all KRAS-driven tumors. Herein, we employed a scaffold hopping strategy to design, synthesize, and optimize a series of novel binary ring derivatives as SOS1 inhibitors. Among them, compound (HH0043) displayed potent activities in both biochemical and cellular assays and favorable pharmacokinetic profiles.

The Protective Effect and Mechanism of Mild Hypothermia on Lung Injury after Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation in Pigs.

To explore the protective effect and mechanism of mild hypothermia on lung tissue damage after cardiopulmonary resuscitation in pigs. In this experiment, we electrically stimulated 16 pigs (30 ± 2 kg) for 10 min to cause ventricular fibrillation. The successfully resuscitated animals were randomly divided into two groups, a mild hypothermia group and a control group.

Farnesoid X receptor promotes non-small cell lung cancer metastasis by activating Jak2/STAT3 signaling via transactivation of IL-6ST and IL-6 genes.

Metastasis accounts for the majority of cases of cancer recurrence and death in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Farnesoid X Receptor (FXR) is a bile acid nuclear receptor that was recently found to be upregulated in NSCLC tissues. However, whether and how FXR regulates NSCLC metastasis remains unclear.

Profiles of Cough and Associated Risk Factors in Nonhospitalized Individuals With SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variant Infection: Cross-Sectional Online Survey in China.

Background: Cough is a common symptom during and after COVID-19 infection; however, few studies have described the cough profiles of COVID-19.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence, severity, and associated risk factors of severe and persistent cough in individuals with COVID-19 during the latest wave of the Omicron variant in China.

Methods: In this nationwide cross-sectional study, we collected information of the characteristics of cough from individuals with infection of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant using an online questionnaire sent between December 31, 2022, and January 11, 2023.

ALDOC promotes non-small cell lung cancer through affecting MYC-mediated UBE2N transcription and regulating Wnt/β-catenin pathway.

Despite advancements in therapeutic options, the overall prognosis for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains poor. Therefore, it is crucial to further explore the etiology and targets for novel treatments to effectively manage NSCLC. In this study, immunohistochemistry was used to analyze the expression of aldolase, fructose-bisphosphate C (ALDOC) protein in tumor tissues and adjacent non-malignant tissues from 79 NSCLC patients.

Clinical Characteristics and Economic Burden of Asthma in China: A Multicenter Retrospective Study.

Asthma is a common chronic airway inflammation that produces a healthcare burden on the economy. We aim to obtain a better understanding of the clinical status and disease burden of patients with asthma in China. A retrospective study was carried out based on the computerized medical records in the Jinan Health Medical Big Data Platform between 2011 and 2019 (available data from 38 hospitals).

Janus GaOClX (X = F, Br, and I) monolayers as predicted using first-principles calculations: a novel class of nanodielectrics with superior energy storage properties.

Dielectric materials play an important role in devices for energy conversion and storage. Based on first-principles calculations, novel two-dimensional Janus GaOClX (X = F, Br, and I) monolayers with superior energy storage properties are predicted. They are indirect-bandgap semiconductors with bandgaps in the range of 2.

Regulation of d-Band Centers in Localized CdS Homojunctions through Facet Control for Improved Photocatalytic Water Splitting.

The accelerated kinetic behaviour of charge carrier transfer and its unhindered surface reaction dynamic process involving oxygenated-intermediate activation and conversion are urgently required in photocatalytic water (H O) overall splitting, which has not been nevertheless resolved yet. Herein, localized CdS homojunctions with optimal collocation of high and low index facets to regulate d-band center for chemically adsorbing and activating key intermediates (*-OH and *-O) have been achieved in H O overall splitting into hydrogen. Density functional theory, hall effect, and in situ diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy confirm that, electrons and holes are kinetically transferred to reductive high index facet (002) and oxidative low index facet (110) of the localized CdS homojunction induced by facet Fermi level difference to dehydrogenate *-OH and couple *-O for hydrogen and oxygen evolution, respectively, along with a solar conversion into hydrogen (STH) of 2.

Ambient fine particulate matter and allergic symptoms in the middle-aged and elderly population: results from the PIFCOPD study.

Background: The associations between short- and long-term exposure to ambient fine particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter ≤ 2.5 µm (PM) and allergic symptoms in middle-aged and elderly populations remain unclear, particularly in China, where most cities have severe air pollution.

Methods: Participants (n = 10,142; age = 40-75 years) were recruited from ten regions in China from 2018 to 2021 for the Predictive Value of Inflammatory Biomarkers and Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 s (FEV) for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (PIFCOPD) study.

Immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated toxicity in advanced non-small cell lung cancer: An updated understanding of risk factors.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), such as programmed death-1 (PD-1), programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4) antibodies, etc, have revolutionized cancer treatment strategies, including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). While these immunotherapy agents have achieved durable clinical benefits in a subset of NSCLC patients, they bring in a variety of immune-related adverse events (irAEs), which involve cardiac, pulmonary, gastrointestinal, endocrine and dermatologic system damage, ranging from mild to life-threatening. Thus, there is an urgent need to better understand the occurrence of irAEs and predict patients who are susceptible to those toxicities.

Monolayer GaOCl: a novel wide-bandgap 2D material with hole-doping-induced ferromagnetism and multidirectional piezoelectricity.

Two-dimensional (2D) materials with excellent properties are emerging as promising candidates in electronics and spintronics. In this work, a novel GaOCl monolayer is proposed and studied systematically based on first-principles calculations. With excellent thermal and dynamic stability at room temperature, its wide direct bandgap (4.

Fabrication of a nanocomposite film decorated with highly dispersive nanoparticles by following an interface-induced strategy.

A polymer nanocomposite film decorated with highly dispersive nanoparticles was prepared by a liquid-liquid interface induced self-assembly method based on a breath figure process. The distribution as well as the orientation preference of the Janus particles within the polymer matrix could be dynamically controlled by adjusting the environmental conditions. Antibacterial and photocatalytic functionality was obtained for the nanocomposite films decorated with silver and titanium dioxide nanoparticles, respectively.

-12 Alleviates Inflammation and Colon Cancer Symptoms in AOM/DSS-Treated Mice through Modulating the Intestinal Microbiome and Metabolome.

In our previous research, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum-12 alleviated inflammation in dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced mice by regulating intestinal microbiota and preventing colon shortening (p < 0.05). The purpose of the present study was to evaluate whether L.

Ultrahigh mechanical flexibility induced superior piezoelectricity of InSeBr-type 2D Janus materials.

InSeBr-Type monolayers, ternary In(Se,S)(Br,Cl) compounds, are typical two-dimensional (2D) Janus materials and can be exfoliated from their bulk crystals. The structural stability, electronic properties, mechanical flexibility, and intrinsic piezoelectricity of these InSeBr-type 2D Janus monolayers are comprehensively investigated by first-principles calculations. Our calculations show that the stable InSeBr-type monolayers exhibit ultrahigh mechanical flexibility with low Young's moduli.

High farnesoid X receptor expression predicts favorable clinical outcomes in PD‑L1 non‑small cell lung cancer patients receiving anti‑PD‑1‑based chemo‑immunotherapy.

Anti‑programmed death‑1 (PD‑1)/programmed death‑ligand 1 (PD‑L1)‑directed immunotherapy has revolutionized the treatment of advanced non‑small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, predictive biomarkers are still lacking, particularly in identifying PD‑L1 patients who will benefit from immunotherapy. It was previously reported that farnesoid X receptor (FXR) downregulated PD‑L1 expression in NSCLC, and that FXRPD‑L1 mouse Lewis lung carcinoma tumors showed an increased susceptibility to PD‑1 blockade compared with mock tumors.

Antigenicity and Safety Evaluation of 7-2 Screened to Reduce α-Casein Antigen.

α-Casein (α-CN) is considered the main allergen in bovine milk. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) fermentation can hydrolyze milk protein and therefore reduce the antigenicity. In this paper, a LAB reducing the antigenicity of casein, identified as 7-2 ( 7-2), was primarily identified by screening for protein hydrolysis ability using a method involving the determination of released free amino acid with further selection for the ideal antigenicity-reducing capability by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

Asthma Management Using the Mobile Asthma Evaluation and Management System in China.

Purpose: As stated in the Global Initiative for Asthma, there are still some asthmatic patients who have not achieved asthma control. Mobile is a useful tool for asthma management. We aimed to compare the advantages of mobile management with traditional management in improving adherence and control of asthma.

Exopolysaccharide Produced by -12 Alleviates Intestinal Inflammation and Colon Cancer Symptoms by Modulating the Gut Microbiome and Metabolites of C57BL/6 Mice Treated by Azoxymethane/Dextran Sulfate Sodium Salt.

Exopolysaccharide produced by -12 (LPEPS) exhibited the anti-proliferating effect on human colon cancer cell line HT-29 in vitro. The purpose of the study was to determine the alleviating effects of LPEPS on colon cancer development of the C57BL/6 mice treated by azoxymethane/dextran sulfate sodium salt (AOM/DSS). The C57BL/6 mice treated by AOM/DSS were orally administered LPEPS daily for 85 days.