Parental Accompaniment in Operating Rooms Reduces Child Anxiety.

Background: We believe that parental presence before the induction of anesthesia for surgery among children with a cleft palate/lip would be effective in mitigating their preoperative anxiety.

Objective: We assessed the states of patients with a cleft palate/lip when their parents accompanied them into operating rooms and clarified their and their parents' cognition using a questionnaire.

Methods: Data were collected via nursing observation when patients and their parents entered the operating room.

Cytotoxic, genotoxic, and toxicogenomic effects of heated tobacco products and cigarette smoke in human primary keratinocytes.

Introduction: Heated tobacco products (HTPs) appear to be less harmful to health than conventional cigarettes (CCs). However, limited analytical data are available to support this claim. This study aimed to compare the cytotoxic, genotoxic, and toxicogenomic effects of HTPs and CCs in carcinogenesis via multistep gene mutations in the oral mucosal cells.

Feasibility of oral microbiome profiles associated with oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Objective: Recently, the possibility that oral microbiomes is associated with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) initiation and progression has attracted attention; however, this association is still unclear. Here, we comprehensively analyze the microbiome profiles of saliva samples using next-generation sequencing followed by determining the association between oral microbiome profiles and OSCC.

Materials And Methods: Microbiome profiles in saliva samples from patients with OSCC, oral leukoplakia (OLK), and postoperative OSCC (Post) were analyzed.

Salivary Level as a Biomarker for Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Background/aim: This study investigated the utility of C-C motif chemokine ligand 20 (CCL20) expression in saliva as a biomarker for oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and also examined the associated microbiome.

Materials And Methods: The study group included patients with OSCC or oral potentially malignant disorder (OPMD), and healthy volunteers (HVs). microarray and qRT-PCR were used to compare salivary CCL20 expression levels among groups.

Salivary Levels as a Biomarker of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Background/aim: This study aimed to identify novel biomarkers for oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) screening to improve the survival rate of patients with oral cancer.

Materials And Methods: We investigated differential salivary gene expression in patients with OSCC, those with oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs), and healthy volunteers (HVs). CPLANE1 was selected for further investigation by microarray analysis.

Salivary and Levels as Biomarkers for Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Diagnosis.

Background/aim: Oral cancer may become advanced because of delay in diagnosis. In order to promote oral cancer screening, simple and highly reliable screening methods that can be implemented at general dental clinics are required. Herein we investigated differential salivary gene expression between oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients and healthy volunteers (HV) to identify new biomarkers for OSCC detection.

Chromobox 2 Expression Predicts Prognosis After Curative Resection of Oesophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Background/aim: To investigate the function of chromobox 2 (CBX2) in oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).

Materials And Methods: We used real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry to determine CBX2 expression levels in 13 human OSCC cell lines and clinical specimens of two independent cohorts of patients with OSCC.

Results: PCR array analysis revealed that CBX2 was co-ordinately expressed with WNT5B in OSCC cell lines.

Changes in oral microbial profiles associated with oral squamous cell carcinoma vs leukoplakia.

Aim: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most frequently occurring cancer among head and neck SCC worldwide. The identification of novel effective biomarkers for early detection may greatly improve the survival rate and prognosis of patients with OSCC. This study aimed to identify specific oral microbial profiles associated with OSCC.

Prognostic Value of Long Non-Coding RNA HULC and MALAT1 Following the Curative Resection of Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) were shown to be the crucial regulators of the many diseases. In this study, the expressions of lncRNAs were investigated in resected 158 hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs) to evaluate the effects of their expression levels on prognosis. The expression levels of HULC and MALAT1 were shown to be significantly higher in the normal background tissue of HCC than those in the normal liver tissue of metastatic liver tumor without hepatitis (HULC: fold change 14.

Epigenetic modulation associated with carcinogenesis and prognosis of human gastric cancer.

Gastric cancer (GC) is a leading cause of cancer-related death, particularly in Asia. Epidemiological and other clinical studies have identified an association between a number of risk factors, including , and GC. A number of studies have also examined genetic changes associated with the development and progression of GC.

Search for useful biomarkers in hepatocellular carcinoma, tumor factors and background liver factors (Review).

Hepatocarcinogenesis is a complex and multistep process that involves the accumulation of genetic and epigenetic alterations in regulatory genes. To understand the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), current research has utilized improved array technologies. The identification of cancer-related molecules could lead to the development of novel molecular targets for treatment and biomarkers for predicting prognosis.

Prognostic significance of AKR1B10 gene expression in hepatocellular carcinoma and surrounding non-tumorous liver tissue.

When assessing outcome in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), it is important to consider prognostic factors in background non-tumorous liver tissue as well as in the tumor, since multiple occurrence is associated with background liver status such as hepatitis. The current study aimed to elucidate molecular prognostic predictors that have an association with HCC background non-tumorous tissue. Microarray expression profiling identified aldo-keto reductase family 1, member B10 (AKR1B10) as a putative non-tumorous prognostic factor, and gene expression was investigated in 158 curatively resected HCC cases by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction.

Prognostic relevance of expression in gastric cancer.

The prognosis for patients with advanced gastric cancer (GC) remains poor. The identification of biomarkers relevant to the recurrence and metastasis of GC is advantageous for stratifying patients and proposing novel molecular targets. In the present study the oncological roles of SAM domain, SH3 domain and nuclear localization signals 1 (), a mediator of B-cell function, were elucidated in GC.

Association of Inflammasome Components in Background Liver with Poor Prognosis After Curatively-resected Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Background/aim: Inflammasomes are multiprotein complexes that evoke key inflammatory cascades. The present study evaluated the influence of inflammasome component expression in non-tumorous tissue on postsurgical hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) prognosis.

Materials And Methods: The expressions of candidate genes were investigated using real-time quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction in resected HCC cases.

Molecular alterations in the carcinogenesis and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma: Tumor factors and background liver factors.

Although hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is associated with poor prognosis worldwide, the molecular mechanisms underlying the carcinogenesis and progression of this disease remain unclear. Several tumor characteristics have previously been demonstrated to be prognostic factors of survival following hepatic resection, or the recurrence of HCC or other types of cancer. Comparisons of normal tissues and HCC tumor tissues have revealed the presence of numerous molecular alterations in HCC, including genetic and epigenetic mechanisms, particularly mutations in certain genes and DNA methylation in the promoter regions of tumor-suppressor genes.

Correlation Between Poor Prognosis and Lower TPPP Gene Expression in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Background/aim: Post-resection recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tends to derive from multicentric origins, which indicates that the background liver microenvironment affects carcinogenesis.

Materials And Methods: We obtained control liver samples [super normal (SN)] from 11 patients with secondary metastatic liver malignancies and used expression and methylation arrays to compare them with non-cancerous liver tissue from a patient with typical HCC with chronic hepatitis C (corresponding normal (CN)].

Results: The expression array showed that gene expression of tubulin polymerization-promoting protein (TPPP) was lower in CN compared with SN.

Short-term outcomes after conventional transthoracic esophagectomy.

In our department, we have attempted to reduce the incidence of complications of conventional esophagectomy. The objective of this retrospective study was to report the short-term outcomes of esophagectomy. We reviewed 138 consecutive patients who had undergone subtotal esophagectomy by combined laparotomy via a 12-cm upper abdominal vertical incision combined with right anterior muscle-sparing thoracotomy from August 2010 to August 2014.

NRAGE promotes the malignant phenotype of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a fatal disease, primarily due to the limited effective therapies available for patients with advanced or recurrent stages of the disease. Therefore, in order to improve patient prognosis, it is important to identify an informative biomarker for HCC progression, as well as a molecular target for therapy. Neurotrophin receptor-interacting melanoma antigen-encoding protein (), a member of the type II melanoma-associated antigen family, mediates apoptosis and cell death through interactions with a wide range of proteins, and is implicated as a tumor suppressor or oncoprotein depending on cell type.

Modified Blumgart Suturing Technique for Remnant Closure After Distal Pancreatectomy: a Propensity Score-Matched Analysis.

Despite recent advances in surgical techniques including staple closure and ultrasonic devices, the reported incidence of postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) after distal pancreatectomy (DP) remains high. Therefore, we devised a new strategy in which the pancreatic stump is enveloped with the elevated jejunum (EJ) by a modified Blumgart anastomotic technique. Eighty-one patients who underwent open DP with splenectomy from January 2008 to December 2014 were enrolled.

Preoperative Identification of a Prognostic Factor for Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors Using Multiphase Contrast-Enhanced Computed Tomography.

Objectives: To find predictive factors among computed tomography (CT) findings to identify pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors G2 of World Health Organization classification.

Methods: Thirty-seven patients with pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors underwent multiphase contrast enhanced CT (unenhanced, arterial, pancreatic, portal and equilibrium phase), and attenuation values and imaging findings were examined. A receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was performed, and association between imaging findings and World Health Organization classification was evaluated.

Effectiveness of plasma treatment on pancreatic cancer cells.

Non-equilibrium atmospheric pressure plasma (NEAPP) has attracted attention in cancer therapy. We explored the indirect effect of NEAPP through plasma-activated medium (PAM) on pancreatic cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. In this study, four pancreatic cancer cell lines were used and the antitumor effects of PAM treatment were evaluated using a cell proliferation assay.

Significance of the Splenic Vein and Its Branches in Pancreatoduodenectomy with Resection of the Portal Vein System.

Background/aims: Pancreatic head carcinoma frequently invades the superior mesenteric vein (SMV) and/or portal vein (PV). We aimed to evaluate the outcome of transection of the splenic vein (SV) and inferior mesenteric vein (IMV) in pancreatoduodenectomy (PD) with SMV and/or PV resection.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the records of 660 patients who had undergone pancreatectomy at our institution from January 2004 to October 2013, and selected 141 consecutive patients who had undergone PD with concurrent SMV/PV resection.

Reduced Expression of Adherens Junctions Associated Protein 1 Predicts Recurrence of Hepatocellular Carcinoma After Curative Hepatectomy.

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) frequently recurs after curative resection. Therefore, the availability of sensitive biomarkers for progression and recurrence is essential for managing patients' clinical course. Adherens junctions associated protein 1 (AJAP1) may serve this purpose, because it mediates activities of tumor cells.

Excess Weight Adversely Influences Treatment Length of Postoperative Pancreatic Fistula: A Retrospective Study of 900 Patients.

Objectives: Pancreatectomy is still associated with a high morbidity rate, even in high-volume centers, and a leading cause of morbidity is represented by postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF). Many previous studies have evaluated the risk factors for the occurrence of POPF, but protracted courses of POPF have not been fully discussed.

Methods: This study included 900 patients who underwent pancreatectomy between January 1991 and June 2013 after exclusion of patients who underwent total pancreatectomy.