Impact of immune-related adverse events on survival outcomes in extensive-stage small cell lung cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors have recently become the standard of care in the first-line treatment of extensive-stage small cell lung cancer. Although immune-related adverse events have been reported to influence prognosis in non-small cell lung cancer patients, few studies have investigated the prognostic value of immune-related adverse events in small cell lung cancer patients. In this study, we evaluated the prognosis of patients who developed immune-related adverse events after first-line treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitor-based chemotherapy for extensive-stage small cell lung cancer.

Separation of inorganic anions on reversed-phase C18 columns with a phosphomolybdate mobile phase.

Reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) is the most widely used chromatographic method. In addition to hydrophobic interactions, additional interactions such as electrostatic interactions may participate in the retention behaviour of an analyte. This makes it possible to use RP-HPLC for many types of analyte.

Direct chiral separation of abscisic acid by high-performance liquid chromatography with a phenyl column and a mobile phase containing γ-cyclodextrin.

Abscisic acid (2-cis,4-trans-abscisic acid) is a plant hormone that has an asymmetric carbon atom. We tried to separate the enantiomers of native abscisic acid by HPLC using a phenyl column and a chiral mobile phase containing γ-cyclodextrin. The optimum mobile phase conditions were found to be 0.

Predictive prognostic biomarkers in patients with COVID‑19 infection.

The present study aimed to identify useful biomarkers to predict deterioration in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‑19). A total of 201 COVID‑19 patients were classified according to their disease severity into non‑severe (n=125) and severe (n=76) groups, and the behavior of laboratory biomarkers was examined according to the prognosis. Neutrophil count, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), C‑reactive protein (CRP), sialylated carbohydrate antigen KL‑6 (KL‑6), procalcitonin (PCT), presepsin (PSP) and D‑dimer levels were significantly higher, and lymphocyte count and platelet count were significantly lower in the non‑severe group compared with the severe group.

Non-aqueous bonding of leuprorelin to ochratoxin A for peptide-based solid-phase extraction.

The anticancer therapeutic leuprorelin was found to have excellent affinity to the carcinogen ochratoxin A (OTA), with an equilibrium constant of 2.2 × 10 M at 273 K (dissociation constant = 4.5 nM) when functionalized into a mesoporous polymer.

Chiral separation of catechin and epicatechin by reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatography with β-cyclodextrin stepwise and linear gradient elution modes.

Catechin and epicatechin were enantioseparated by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with a phenyl column and aqueous mobile phases containing 0.05% (w/v) and 0.6% (w/v) of β-cyclodextrin for catechin and epicatechin, respectively.

Radiation Therapy for Malignant Lumbosacral Plexopathy: A Case Series.

Background Malignant lumbosacral plexopathy is caused by a direct extension of an intrapelvic malignancy to involve the plexus nerves. In this report, we describe the effect of radiotherapy on patients with malignant lumbosacral plexopathy. Patients and methods We performed a retrospective review of the medical records of patients who underwent radiation therapy for pain caused by malignant lumbosacral plexopathy between 2017 and 2020 at our institution.

Evaluation of Biomarkers of Severity in Patients with COVID-19 Infection.

Object: Although many Japanese patients infected with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) only experience mild symptoms, in some cases a patient's condition deteriorates, resulting in a poor outcome. This study examines the behavior of biomarkers in patients with mild to severe COVID-19.

Methods: The disease severity of 152 COVID-19 patients was classified into mild, moderate I, moderate II, and severe, and the behavior of laboratory biomarkers was examined across these four disease stages.

Enantioseparation of phenethylamines by using high-performance liquid chromatography column permanently coated with methylated β-cyclodextrin.

Cyclodextrins and their derivatives have been used for chiral high-performance liquid chromatography selectors, while they are costly to use as mobile phase additives in high-performance liquid chromatography. Here, we report application of phenyl column coated permanently with methylated β-cyclodextrin for chiral high-performance liquid chromatography. A 0.

A label-free, direct solid-phase fluorimetric analysis of ochratoxin A in agricultural products with monoclonal antibody-immobilized monolith.

We established a method for directly measuring mycotoxin ochratoxin A (OTA) in foods by solid-phase fluorescence of monolith-immobilized antibodies. The antibody was introduced onto only one side of an 8 mm-diameter, 3 mm-thick monolith via covalently immobilized protein G. 4 μg (2.

A Simple Screening Method for Extra Virgin Olive Oil Adulteration by Determining Squalene and Tyrosol.

A simple screening method for discrimination between commercial extra virgin olive oils and their blends with other vegetable oils was developed. Squalene, which was contained relatively high amounts in virgin olive oil, was determined by HPLC after a simple pretreatment that was carried out by dilution of oil samples with 2-propanol. Tyrosol, which was contained at relatively high concentration in virgin olive oil among phenolic compounds, was determined by HPLC after a simple liquid-liquid extraction.

Direct enantioseparation of mandelic acid by high-performance liquid chromatography using a phenyl column precoated with a small amount of cyclodextrin additive in a mobile phase.

Direct enantioseparation of mandelic acid by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with a reversed phase column and a mobile phase containing a small amount of hydroxylpropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD) was studied as an efficient method for saving consumption of the CD additive. As a result, it was proposed that racemic mandelic acid can be analyzed with a phenyl column by using a mobile phase composed of 10 mM ammonium acetate buffer (pH 4.2) and 0.

Separation of Synephrine Enantiomers in Citrus Fruits by a Reversed Phase HPLC after Chiral Precolumn Derivatization.

Racemic synephrine, which was transformed into diastereomers by derivatization with 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-β-D-glucopyranosil isothiocyanate, was resolved by a reversed phase HPLC with UV detection at 254 nm. The total contents of synephrine enantiomers in citrus fruit samples were exocarp > mesocarp > endocarp > sarcocarp, suggesting that synephrine content of outer side of citrus fruits was higher than that of the inner side. (R)-Synephrine was detected in exocarp of eleven fresh citrus fruits, except for lemon, lime, and grapefruit samples.

Chiral separation of isoxanthohumol and 8-prenylnaringenin in beer, hop pellets and hops by HPLC with chiral columns.

Xanthohumol, isoxanthohumol, and 8-prenylnaringenin in beer, hop and hop pellet samples were analyzed by HPLC using an InertSustain phenyl column and the mobile phase containing 40% methanol and 12% 2-propanol. Fractions of isoxanthohumol and 8-prenylnaringenin obtained by the above HPLC were separately collected. Isoxanthohumol and 8-prenylnaringenin were enantioseparated by HPLC using a Chiralcel OD-H column with a mobile phase composed of hexane-ethanol (90:10, v/v) and a Chiralpak AD-RH column with a mobile phase composed of methanol-2-propanol-water (40:20:40, v/v/v), respectively.

Reversed phase ion-pair chromatographic separation of sugar alcohols by complexation with molybdate ion.

In this study, we developed a simple and sensitive reversed phase ion-pair chromatographic method for the analysis of C4-C6 sugar alcohols. The method is based on the on-line complexation of sugar alcohols with molybdate ion. The resulting dinuclear anionic complexes can be separated on a reversed-phase C18 column using tetrabutylammonium chloride as an ion-pairing reagent.

Simultaneous determination of alcohols including diols and triols by HPLC with ultraviolet detection based on the formation of a copper(II) complex.

We developed a reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography method with ultraviolet detection using on-line complexation with Cu(II) ion for analysis of five alcohols including diols and triol (methanol, ethanol, 1,2-propanediol, 1,3-propanediol, and glycerol). The Cu(II) ion concentration in the mobile phase had a great influence on the peak areas of these alcohols, but not on their retention times. Column temperature (25-40°C) and pH of the mobile phase did not affect the separation of analytes.

Determination of hexitols by reversed phase liquid chromatography using on-line complexation with molybdate ion.

A new approach is proposed to determine three hexitols (mannitol, sorbitol and dulcitol) by reversed phase liquid chromatography and ultraviolet detection. When molybdate ion is added to the mobile phase, it forms complexes with hexitols that can be separated on a reversed phase C30 column and detected by UV absorption at 247 nm. The mobile phase (pH 3.

HPLC Separation of Sulforaphane Enantiomers in Broccoli and Its Sprouts by Transformation into Diastereoisomers Using Derivatization with (S)-Leucine.

Racemic sulforaphane, which was derivatized with (S)-leucine (l-leucine), was resolved by reversed phase HPLC with UV detection. The optimum mobile phase conditions were found to be 10 mM citric acid (pH 2.8) containing 22% methanol at 35 °C using detection at 254 nm.

Enantioseparation of hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids by hydroxypropyl-γ-cyclodextrin-modified micellar electrokinetic chromatography.

Complete resolution of hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (HETE) enantiomers was achieved using hydroxypropyl-γ-cyclodextrin (HP-γ-CD)-modified MEKC. The optimum running conditions were determined to be utilizing a 30 mM phosphate-15 mM borate buffer (pH 9.0) containing 30 mM HP-γ-CD and 75 mM SDS as the BGE, application of +30 kV as the effective voltage, and carrying out the experiment at 15°C.

Reversed phase liquid chromatographic determination of organic acids using on-line complexation with copper(II) ion.

We describe a simple and sensitive liquid chromatographic method for the analysis of organic acids using on-line complexation with copper(II) ion. Organic acids complexed with copper(II) ion were separated on a reversed-phase C18 column and detected by UV absorption at 240 nm. The copper(II) ion concentration in the mobile phase had a great influence on separation and sensitivity.

Simultaneous Determination of Trigonelline, Caffeine, Chlorogenic Acid and Their Related Compounds in Instant Coffee Samples by HPLC Using an Acidic Mobile Phase Containing Octanesulfonate.

In order to analyze trigonelline, caffeine, chlorogenic acid, and their related compounds simultaneously, an HPLC method using an InertSustain C18 column and a mobile phase containing octanesulfonate as an ion-pairing reagent under an acidic condition was developed. The optimum mobile phase conditions were determined to be 0.1% phosphoric acid, 4 mM octanesulfonate, and 15% methanol at 35°C.

Simultaneous Enantioseparation of Aldohexoses and Aldopentoses Derivatized With L-Tryptophanamide by Reversed Phase HPLC Using Butylboronic Acid as a Complexation Reagent of Monosaccharides.

Three aldohexoses, glucose, galactose, and mannose, and three aldopentoses, arabinose, xylose, and ribose, were derivatized with L-tryptophanamide (L-TrpNH2 ) under alkaline conditions. Using a basic mobile phase (pH 9.2), the three aldohexoses or the three aldopentoses were simultaneously enantioseparated, respectively, but all the six monosaccharides could not be simultaneously enantioseparated.

Simultaneous and sensitive analysis of aliphatic carboxylic acids by ion-chromatography using on-line complexation with copper(II) ion.

A new approach to ion chromatography is proposed to improve the UV detection of aliphatic carboxylic acids separated by anion-exchange chromatography. When copper(II) ion added to the mobile phase, it forms complexes with carboxylic acids that can be detected at 240 nm. The absorbance was found to increase with increasing copper(II) ion concentration.

Simultaneous enantioseparation of monosaccharides derivatized with L-tryptophan by reversed phase HPLC.

Three reducing monosaccharides (glucose; Glc, galactose; Gal, and mannose; Man) were derivatized with L-tryptophan (L-Trp) under alkaline conditions. The DL-Gal and DL-Man derivatives were chirally resolved by HPLC with an acidic mobile phase, but the DL-Glc derivative was not. All of the three DL-monosaccharide derivatives were simultaneously enantioseparated using HPLC with a SunShell RP-AQUA column (C28) and a basic mobile phase.