2-Acetamidophenol (2-AAP) Suppresses the Progression of Atherosclerosis by Alleviating Hyperlipidemia and Attenuating the Ferroptosis Pathway.

Hyperlipidemia and consequent endothelial inflammation, along with foam cell generation, promote the progression of atherosclerosis (AS). Here, we aimed to investigate the effects of 2-acetamidophenol (2-AAP), which was selected by zebrafish phenotypic screening, in alleviating AS by relieving hyperlipidemia and inhibiting foam cell formation, as well as the underlying mechanisms. In a zebrafish hyperlipidemia model, 2-AAP increased lipid-lowering efficacy; alleviated TC, TG, LDL-C, and MDA levels; elevated HDL-C and T-SOD levels; significantly improved intravascular macrophage aggregation; and improved blood flow.

Dimethyl phthalate induced cardiovascular developmental toxicity in zebrafish embryos by regulating MAPK and calcium signaling pathways.

Dimethyl phthalate (DMP), the lowest-molecular-weight phthalate ester (PAE), is one of the most commonly detected persistent organic pollutants in the environment, but its toxic effects, especially cardiovascular developmental toxicity, are largely unknown. In this study, zebrafish embryos were exposed to sublethal concentrations of DMP from 4 to 96 hpf. Our results showed that DMP treatment induced yolk retention, pericardial edema, and swim bladder deficiency, as well as increased SV-BA distance and decreased heart rate, stroke volume, ventricular axis shortening rate and ejection fraction.