Advances in Cotton Genomics, Genetics and Breeding.

The cotton is an industrial crop of global significance, providing its fibers for the predominant textile material and its seed accumulating abundant oil and protein for other utilizations [...

Biosynthesis and Signaling of Strigolactones Act Synergistically With That of ABA and JA to Enhance Verticillium dahliae Resistance in Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.).

Verticillium wilt (VW) caused by the soil-borne fungal pathogen Verticillium dahliae reduces cotton productivity and quality. Numerous studies have explored the genetic and molecular mechanisms regulating VW resistance in cotton, but the role and mechanism of strigolactone (SL) is still elusive. We investigated the function of SL in cotton's immune response to V.

Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Alleviate Salt Stress in Cotton ( L.) by Adjusting Na/K Ratio and Antioxidative Ability.

Soil salinization poses a threat to the sustainability of agricultural production and has become a global issue. Cotton is an important cash crop and plays an important role in economic development. Salt stress has been harming the yield and quality of many crops, including cotton, for many years.

Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Analysis of the Phytic Acid Content in Fuzzy Cottonseed Based on Machine Learning Algorithms.

Cottonseed is rich in oil and protein. However, its antinutritional factor content, of phytic acid (PA), has limited its utilization. Near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy, combined with chemometrics, is an efficient and eco-friendly analytical technique for crop quality analysis.

Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles and Zinc Sulfate Alleviate Boron Toxicity in Cotton ( L.).

Boron toxicity significantly hinders the growth and development of cotton plants, therefore affecting the yield and quality of this important cash crop worldwide. Limited studies have explored the efficacy of ZnSO (zinc sulfate) and ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) in alleviating boron toxicity. Nanoparticles have emerged as a novel strategy to reduce abiotic stress directly.

Single-cell transcriptomic analysis reveals the developmental trajectory and transcriptional regulatory networks of pigment glands in Gossypium bickii.

Comprehensive utilization of cottonseeds is limited by the presence of pigment glands and its inclusion gossypol. The ideal cotton has glandless seeds but a glanded plant, a trait found in only a few Australian wild cotton species, including Gossypium bickii. Introgression of this trait into cultivated species has proved to be difficult.

Deficiency of a peroxisomal NADP-isocitrate dehydrogenase leads to dwarf plant and defect seed in upland cotton.

The NADP-isocitrate dehydrogenase-encoded gene with a C-terminus tripeptide Proline-Lysine-Leucine was localized in the peroxisome. It was highly expressed in stems and ovules of 15 days post-anthesis and responded to multiple external stimuli in upland cotton. An upland cotton mutant () was identified by flanking sequence amplification and genome variation detection that exogenous sequence was inserted in the middle of the 12th intron of , resulting in the deficiency of gene expression.

A reference-grade genome assembly for Gossypium bickii and insights into its genome evolution and formation of pigment glands and gossypol.

The pigment gland is a morphological characteristic of Gossypium and its related genera. Gossypium bickii (G) is characterized by delayed pigment gland morphogenesis in the cotyledons. In this study, a reference-grade genome of G was generated, and comparative genomics analysis showed that G was closest to Gossypium australe (G), followed by A- and D-genome species.

Parental legacy versus regulatory innovation in salt stress responsiveness of allopolyploid cotton (Gossypium) species.

Polyploidy provides an opportunity for evolutionary innovation and species diversification, especially under stressful conditions. In allopolyploids, the conditional dynamics of homoeologous gene expression can be either inherited from ancestral states pre-existing in the parental diploids or novel upon polyploidization, the latter potentially permitting a wider range of phenotypic responses to stresses. To gain insight into regulatory mechanisms underlying the diversity of salt resistance in Gossypium species, we compared global transcriptomic responses to modest salinity stress in two allotetraploid (AD-genome) cotton species, Gossypium hirsutum and G.

Root Illumination Promotes Seedling Growth and Inhibits Gossypol Biosynthesis in Upland Cotton.

Gossypol, a terpenoid compound mainly synthesized in the cotton roots, acts as a phytoalexin in protecting the plants from biotic stress. Roots are critical for both the secondary metabolism and the growth of the plant. Light plays an important role in plant growth and material metabolism, however, the effect of root illumination (RI) on the cotton seedling growth and gossypol metabolism remains unclear.

Genome-wide characterization on MT family and their expression in response to environmental cues in upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.).

Metallothioneins (MTs) are believed as key metal chelators and scavengers of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are involved in tolerance and de-toxicity to multiple environmental stresses in plants. The MT gene family was characterized from upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.), compared with its putative genome donors G.

Mercury-Induced Phytotoxicity and Responses in Upland Cotton ( L.) Seedlings.

Cotton is a potential and excellent candidate to balance both agricultural production and remediation of mercury-contained soil, as its main production fiber hardly involves into food chains. However, in cotton, there is known rarely about the tolerance and response to mercury () environments. In this study, the biochemical and physiological damages, in response to concentrations (0, 1, 10, 50 and 100 µM), were investigated in upland cotton seedlings.

Whole-genome resequencing of 240 Gossypium barbadense accessions reveals genetic variation and genes associated with fiber strength and lint percentage.

Genetic variation in a G. barbadense population was revealed using resquencing. GWAS on G.

Determination of Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Enzyme Activity for Physiological Phenotyping During Heavy Metal Exposure.

The overproduction of reactive oxygen species during abiotic stress in plants causes oxidative stress that damage the cell normal functions. For reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging, plants developed a defense system with antioxidant enzymes. To measure the oxidative stress and antioxidant enzymes activity spectral enzymatic analysis was used, that is material-intensive, time-consuming, and inefficient.

Physiological, ultrastructural, biochemical, and molecular responses of glandless cotton to hexavalent chromium (Cr) exposure.

Glandless cotton can be grown to obtain cotton seeds free of toxic gossypol for use as both food and feed. However, they are not grown normally due to their lesser productivity and higher susceptibility to biotic stress. Great attention has been paid to biotic stresses rather than abiotic stresses on glandless cotton.

Reduced Glutathione Protects Subcellular Compartments From Pb-Induced ROS Injury in Leaves and Roots of Upland Cotton ( L.).

Heavy metals-based changes in the plants and their alleviation through eco-friendly agents including reduced glutathione (GSH) have been widely studied. In the present experiment, we tested the alleviatory role of reduced glutathione (GSH) in seedlings of upland cotton cultivar, TM-1 under lead (Pb) toxicity. Plants were grown in the Hoagland solution containing Pb (0 μM), Pb (500 μM), GSH (50 μM), and GSH + Pb (50 μM + 500 μM).

Comprehensive characterization and gene expression patterns of LBD gene family in Gossypium.

A comprehensive account of the LBD gene family of Gossypium was provided in this work. Expression analysis and functional characterization revealed that LBD genes might play different roles in G. hirsutum and G.

Cotton roots are the major source of gossypol biosynthesis and accumulation.

Background: Gossypol is a specific secondary metabolite in Gossypium species. It not only plays a critical role in development and self-protection of cotton plants, but also can be used as important anti-cancer and male contraceptive compound. However, due to the toxicity of gossypol for human beings and monogastric animals, the consumption of cottonseeds was limited.

Salt-tolerance diversity in diploid and polyploid cotton (Gossypium) species.

The development of salt-tolerant genotypes is pivotal for the effective utilization of salinized land and to increase global crop productivity. Several cotton species comprise the most important source of textile fibers globally, and these are increasingly grown on marginal or increasingly saline agroecosystems. The allopolyploid cotton species also provide a model system for polyploid research, of relevance here because polyploidy was suggested to be associated with increased adaptation to stress.

Melatonin enhances cotton immunity to Verticillium wilt via manipulating lignin and gossypol biosynthesis.

Plants endure challenging environments in which they are constantly threatened by diverse pathogens. The soil-borne fungus Verticillium dahliae is a devastating pathogen affecting many plant species including cotton, in which it significantly reduces crop yield and fiber quality. Melatonin involvement in plant immunity to pathogens has been reported, but the mechanisms of melatonin-induced plant resistance are unclear.

Genome-wide analysis of genetic variations between dominant and recessive NILs of glanded and glandless cottons.

Cotton is an important economic crop in worldwide. It produces fiber for the textile industry and provides cottonseeds with high-quality protein and oil. However, the presence of gossypol limits the utilization of cottonseed.