The Cerebral Protective Effect of Novel Erinacines from Mycelium on In Vivo Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Animal Model and Primary Mixed Glial Cells via Nrf2-Dependent Pathways.

, a consumable mushroom, has shown a potential to enhance the production of neuroprotective bioactive metabolites. Traumatic brain injury (TBI) often leads to cognitive, physical, and psychosocial impairments, resulting in neuroinflammation and the loss of cortical neurons. In this research, the effects of mycelium, its derivative erinacine C, along with the underlying mechanisms, were examined in terms of oxidative stress modulation and neurological improvement in a rat model of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI).

Fusobacterium Nucleatum-Induced Tumor Mutation Burden Predicts Poor Survival of Gastric Cancer Patients.

Co-infection of and is a microbial biomarker for poor prognosis of gastric cancer patients. is associated with microsatellite instability and the accumulation of mutations in colorectal cancer. Here, we investigated the mutation landscape of -positive resected gastric cancer tissues using Illumina TruSight Oncology 500 comprehensive panel.

Metformin reduces hepatocellular carcinoma incidence after successful antiviral therapy in patients with diabetes and chronic hepatitis C in Taiwan.

Background & Aims: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is known to increase the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) among individuals with chronic hepatitis C (CHC). We aimed to evaluate whether metformin reduces HCC risk among individuals with DM and CHC after successful antiviral therapy.

Methods: Individuals with CHC who achieved a sustained virological response (SVR) after interferon-based therapy were enrolled in a large-scale, multicenter cohort in Taiwan (T-COACH).

Comparison of 8- versus 12-weeks of glecaprevir/pibrentasvir for Taiwanese patients with hepatitis C and compensated cirrhosis in a real-world setting.

Real-world data on the effectiveness of glecaprevir/pibrentasvir (GLE/PIB) for patients with HCV infection and compensated cirrhosis is limited, especially for the 8-week regimen and in an Asian population. This retrospective study enrolled 159 consecutive patients with HCV and compensated cirrhosis who were treated with GLE/PIB at a single center in Taiwan. Sustained virological response (SVR) and adverse events (AEs) were evaluated.

Risk stratification of hepatocellular carcinoma incidence using a fibrosis-4-based prediction model in patients with chronic hepatitis C receiving antiviral therapy: a nationwide real-world Taiwanese cohort study.

A total of 1,589 patients who had received interferon-based treatment were enrolled and analyzed for the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in a real-world nationwide Taiwanese chronic hepatitis C cohort (T-COACH). We aimed to stratify HCC risk by non-invasive fibrosis index-based risk model. Of 1589 patients, 1363 (85.

2D-DIGE-MS Proteomics Approaches for Identification of Gelsolin and Peroxiredoxin 4 with Lymph Node Metastasis in Colorectal Cancer.

Background/aims: A combination of fluorescence two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE) and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry approach was used to search for potential markers for prognosis and intervention of colorectal cancer (CRC) at different stages of lymph node metastasis (LMN). This quantitative proteomic survey aimed to investigate the LNM-associated proteins and evaluate the clinicopathological characteristics of these target proteins in CRC from stage I to stage IV.

Methods: Sixteen CRC cases were categorized into paired non-LNM and LNM groups, and two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis and MS proteome analysis were performed.

Suppression of the Proliferation of Huh7 Hepatoma Cells Involving the Downregulation of Mutant p53 Protein and Inactivation of the STAT 3 Pathway with Ailanthoidol.

Ailanthoidol (ATD) has been isolated from the barks of and displays anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antiadipogenic, and antitumor promotion activities. Recently, we found that ATD suppressed TGF-β1-induced migration and invasion of HepG2 cells. In this report, we found that ATD exhibited more potent cytotoxicity in Huh7 hepatoma cells (mutant : Y220C) than in HepG2 cells (wild-type ).

The Novel Finding of Dynamic Change in eGFR Up to One Year after End of Treatment in HCV-Infected Patients Receiving Sofosbuvir and Velpatasvir.

The results of long-term renal evolution in HCV-infected patients using sofosbuvir and velpatasvir (SOF/VEL), with or without ribavirin (RBV), are lacking. We evaluated the renal safety for HCV-infected patients receiving SOF/VEL. Between 1 June 2019 and 6 July 2020, we included 594 HCV-infected patients receiving SOF/VEL +/- RBV for 12 weeks in Taiwan.

The effectiveness and safety of vedolizumab induction for moderate to severe ulcerative colitis for Asia patient: A real practice observational study.

Background: The use of biologic agents has become the cornerstone of therapy for moderate to severe IBD. Few studies have investigated the efficacy of vedolizumab (VDZ) induction for ulcerative colitis (UC) in Asian patients in a real practice setting.

Aims: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of VDZ induction therapy for moderate to severe UC in Taiwan.

colonization is associated with decreased survival of -positive gastric cancer patients.

Background: An increased amount of () is frequently detected in the gastric cancer-associated microbiota of the Taiwanese population. is known to exert cytotoxic effects and play a role in the progression of colorectal cancer, though the impact of colonization on gastric cancer cells and patient prognosis has not yet been examined.

Aim: To identify dependent molecular pathways in gastric cancer cells and to determine the impact of on survival in gastric cancer.

Identification of Two Novel CIL-102 Upregulations of ERP29 and FUMH to Inhibit the Migration and Invasiveness of Colorectal Cancer Cells by Using the Proteomic Approach.

CIL-102 (1-[4-(furo[2,3-b]quinolin-4-ylamino) phenyl]ethanone) is a major active agent of Camptotheca acuminata's alkaloid derivative, and its anti-tumorigenic activity, a valuable biological property of the agent, has been reported in many types of cancer. In this study, we researched the novel CIL-102-induced protein for either the induction of cell apoptosis or the inhibition of cell migration/invasiveness in colorectal cancer cells (CRC) and their molecular mechanism. Firstly, our data showed that CIL-102 treatment not only increased the cytotoxicity of cells and the production of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), but it also decreased cell migration and invasiveness in DLD-1 cells.

Long-term outcome of liver complications in patients with chronic HBV/HCV co-infection after antiviral therapy: a real-world nationwide study on Taiwanese Chronic Hepatitis C Cohort (T-COACH).

Background And Aim: The long-term outcome of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection among patients dually infected with HBV and hepatitis C virus (HCV) remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the long-term liver outcomes of HBV/HCV-coinfected patients after antiviral therapy.

Methods: A total of 11,359 chronically HCV-infected patients with interferon-based therapy were registered in a nationwide Taiwanese Chronic Hepatitis C Cohort.

Real-world efficacy and safety of pangenotypic direct-acting antivirals against hepatitis C virus infection in Taiwan.

Clinical trials showed pangenotypic direct-acting antivirals' (DAAs) excellent efficacy and safety when treating hepatitis C virus (HCV). Two pangenotypic regimens were examined, glecaprevir/pibrentasvir (GLE/PIB) and sofosbuvir/velpatasvir (SOF/VEL), in a real-world Taiwanese setting, including all HCV patients treated with GLE/PIB or SOF/VEL from August 2018 to April 2020. The primary endpoint was sustained virologic response 12 weeks after treatment cessation (SVR12), including adverse events (AEs).

Sofosbuvir/velpatasvir is an effective treatment for patients with hepatitis C and advanced fibrosis or cirrhosis in a real-world setting in Taiwan.

Introduction: Real-world data regarding the impact of hepatic fibrosis on the effectiveness of sofosbuvir/velpatasvir (SOF/VEL) treatment is limited in the Asian population.

Methods: We analyzed data for all 823 patients with hepatitis C virus treated with SOF/VEL from June 2019 to September 2020 at Chang Gung Memorial Hospital in Chiayi, Taiwan. The degree of fibrosis was determined using the fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) index, with advanced fibrosis or cirrhosis defined as a FIB-4 score of > 3.

Pangenotypic direct-acting antiviral agents for mixed genotype hepatitis C infection: A real-world effectiveness analysis.

Background: Pangenotypic direct-acting antiviral agents (DAAs) glecaprevir/pibrentasvir (GLE/PIB) and sofosbuvir/velpatasvir (SOF/VEL) are effective against all hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype infections. However, data on pangenotypic DAA treatment for mixed genotype HCV infection are sparse.

Methods: This is a retrospective, single site cohort study analyzing all patients with mixed HCV genotype infections treated with GLE/PIB or SOF/VEL from August 2018 to August 2020 in Chiayi Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taiwan.

Hepatitis C virus eradication decreases the risks of liver cirrhosis and cirrhosis-related complications (Taiwanese chronic hepatitis C cohort).

Background And Aim: It is currently unknown how hepatitis C virus (HCV) eradication with pegylated interferon and ribavirin (PR) therapy affects the incidence of new-onset liver cirrhosis (LC) in patients without cirrhosis and the incidence of decompensated liver disease (DLD) or hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients with cirrhosis.

Methods: Taiwanese chronic hepatitis C cohort (T-COACH) is a nationwide HCV registry cohort from 23 hospitals in Taiwan recruited between 2003 and 2015. This study enrolled 10 693 patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC), linked to the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database, receiving PR therapy for at least 4 weeks for new-onset LC and liver-related complications (DLD or HCC).

Apoptotic mechanisms of gastric cancer cells induced by isolated erinacine S through epigenetic histone H3 methylation of FasL and TRAIL.

Erinacine S, the new bioactive diterpenoid compound isolated from the ethanol extract of the mycelia of Hericium erinaceus, displays great health-promoting properties. However, the effects of erinacine S on inductive apoptosis in cancer cells such as gastric cancer and its molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Our results demonstrated that erinacine S treatment significantly induces cell apoptosis with increased ROS production in gastric cancer cells, but not in normal cells.

Long-term risk of end-stage renal diseases with maintenance dialysis among chronic hepatitis C patients after antiviral therapy in Taiwan.

Background And Aim: Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is associated with impaired renal function. The aim of this study is to explore the risk of and factors associated with end-stage renal diseases (ESRD) under maintenance dialysis among HCV patients after anti-HCV therapy.

Methods: A total of 12 696 HCV-infected patients with interferon-based therapy, including 9679 (76.

Long-term risk of primary liver cancers in entecavir versus tenofovir treatment for chronic hepatitis B.

It remains controversial whether entecavir (ETV) and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) is associated with different clinical outcomes for chronic hepatitis B (CHB). This study aimed to compare the long-term risk of ETV versus TDF on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) in CHB patients from a large multi-institutional database in Taiwan. From 2011 to 2018, a total of 21,222 CHB patients receiving ETV or TDF were screened for eligibility.

Successful Antiviral Therapy Reduces Risk of Schizophrenia Among Chronic Hepatitis C Patients: A Nationwide Real-World Taiwanese Cohort (T-COACH).

Background: Chronic hepatitis C (CHC) has been associated with major psychoses, and interferon (IFN)-based therapy may cause psychiatric sequelae. We aimed to evaluate the effects of sustained virological response (SVR) on the incidence of major psychoses in a nationwide Taiwanese CHC cohort.

Methods: Fifteen thousand eight hundred thirty-six CHC Taiwanese who received IFN-based therapy were enrolled between 2003 and 2015.

Novel regulator role of CIL-102 in the epigenetic modification of TNFR1/TRAIL to induce cell apoptosis in human gastric cancer.

CIL-102 (1-[4-(furo [2,3-b]quinolin-4-ylamino)phenyl]ethanone) is a major active agent and an alkaloid derivative of Camptotheca acuminata, which has valuable biological properties, including anti-tumorigenic activity. However, the molecular mechanisms of CIL-102 related to inductive apoptosis in human gastric cancer remain unclear. By using diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT), annexin-V-fluorescein-isothiocyanate (FITC)/propidium iodide staining and a 2',7' -dichlorofluorescin diacetate (DCFDA), a Fluo-3 fluorescence staining assay, the cell death and cell viability in gastric cancer cells and an in vivo xenograft mouse model, with or without the addition of CIL-102, were measured, respectively.

High viral load predicts virologic failure in chronic genotype 2 hepatitis C virus-infected patients receiving glecaprevir/pibrentasvir therapy.

Background: The real-world data of glecaprevir/pibrentasvir (GLE/PIB) therapy for patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 2 infection remained limited. We aimed to evaluate the possible predictors of virological failure and side effects of GLE/PIB therapy for chronic genotype 2 HCV-infected patients in a real-world setting.

Methods: A total of 326 compensated HCV genotype 2 patients treated with GLE/PIB 12 weeks for cirrhotic patients (n = 56) and 8 weeks for non-cirrhotic patients (n = 270) were enrolled.