World J Pediatr Congenit Heart Surg
September 2024
To examine the probability of left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) reintervention following interrupted aortic arch (IAA) repair in neonates with LVOT obstruction (LVOTO) risk. This retrospective multicenter study included 150 neonates who underwent IAA repair (2003-2017); 100 of 150 (67%) had isolated IAA repair (with ventricular septal defect closure) and 50 of 150 (33%) had concomitant LVOT intervention: conal muscle resection (n = 16), Ross-Konno (n = 7), and Yasui operation (n = 27: single-stage n = 8, staged n = 19). Demographic and morphologic characteristics were reviewed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Severe tricuspid regurgitation (TR) causing cyanosis with patent foramen ovale (PFO) and right-to-left atrial shunting requires a precise diagnosis for optimal therapy. Tricuspid valve prolapse (TVP) can lead to TR and is sometimes overlooked, especially in complex cases with factors like pulmonary hypertension (PH). We present an infant with cyanosis and profound TR after high-altitude exposure, initially misattributed to PH but found to be primarily due to spontaneous chordae tendineae rupture and TVP.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe prevalence of pollen allergies is a pressing global issue, with projections suggesting that half of the world's population will be affected by 2050 according to the estimation of the World Health Organization (WHO). Accurately forecasting pollen allergy risks requires identifying key factors and their thresholds for aerosol pollen. To address this, we developed a technical framework combining advanced machine learning and SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) technology, focusing on Beijing.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe mechanisms underlying the increased mortality of secondary infections during the immunosuppressive phase of sepsis remain elusive. We sought to investigate the role of Siglec-F neutrophils on splenic T lymphocytes in the immunosuppressed phase of sepsis and on secondary infection in PICS mice, and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. We established a mouse model of sepsis-induced immunosuppression followed by secondary infection with LPS or The main manifestation of immunosuppression is the functional exhaustion of splenic T lymphocytes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Beyond their crucial role in hemostasis, platelets possess the ability to regulate inflammation and combat infections through various mechanisms. Stringent control of macrophage activation is essential during innate immune responses in sepsis. Macrophages are considered crucial phagocytic cells that aid in the elimination of pathogens.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInterdiscip Cardiovasc Thorac Surg
March 2024
Objectives: The aim of this study was to identify the prevalence and anatomic characteristics of coronary artery lesions and their associated postoperative risk in patients undergoing supravalvular aortic stenosis repair.
Methods: The association between structural risk factors, postoperative ST-segment changes, and major adverse cardiac events was explored using logistic regression and the Fisher's exact test.
Results: In 51 consecutive patients with supravalvular aortic stenosis treated between 2000 and 2017, a total of 48 coronary lesions were identified in 27 patients (53%).
Interdiscip Cardiovasc Thorac Surg
February 2024
Objectives: Our goal was to determine the incidence and characteristics of postoperative intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH) in paediatric patients undergoing open-heart surgery.
Methods: This single-centre study included consecutive children (aged <16 years) who underwent open-heart surgery between July 2020 and February 2021. Patients who entered the study were followed until in-hospital death or hospital discharge.
Dual anterior interventricular artery is a rare type of CHD. We reported a fifteen-year-old girl who underwent CT angiography that demonstrated one anterior interventricular artery from aorta and another from pulmonary artery.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDysregulation of IL-17A is closely associated with airway inflammation and remodeling in severe asthma. However, the molecular mechanisms by which IL-17A is regulated remain unclear. Here we identify epithelial sirtuin 6 (SIRT6) as an epigenetic regulator that governs IL-17A pathogenicity in severe asthma.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: Suspected coarctation of the aorta (CoA) is a common fetal echocardiographic presentation. However, the prenatal findings did not indicate a satisfied accuracy in determining the truly CoA after birth, which made the prenatal diagnosis of CoA still as a critical challenge with high false positive rate. Thus, this research is aimed to distinguish the potential prenatal parameters influencing the fetal echocardiographic images and enhance the true positive diagnostic rate of CoA fetuses which require early clinical intervention in postnatal life.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a rare and severe condition characterized by chamber dilation and impaired contraction of the left ventricle. It constitutes a fundamental etiology for profound heart failure and abrupt cardiac demise, rendering it a prominent clinical indication for heart transplantation (HTx) among both adult and pediatric populations. DCM arises from various etiologies, including genetic variants, epigenetic disorders, infectious insults, autoimmune diseases, and cardiac conduction abnormalities.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Malignant hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) phenotypes have potential risks of severe heart failure, fatal arrhythmia, and sudden cardiac death. Therefore, it is critical to predict the clinical outcomes of these patients. It was reported recently that the alpha kinase 3 () gene was involved in the occurrence of HCM.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAsian Cardiovasc Thorac Ann
May 2023
The commonly used central shunt (i.e. direct connection of the divided main pulmonary artery to the ascending aorta) to facilitate the growth of the diminutive branch pulmonary artery in patients with pulmonary atresia with major aortopulmonary collateral arteries can cause main pulmonary artery distortion, and subsequent disproportional branch pulmonary artery flow and growth.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFN6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification accounts for the most prevalent mRNA internal modification and has emerged as a widespread regulatory mechanism in multiple physiological processes. We address a role of methyltransferase-like protein 3 (METTL3) in neutrophil activation. METTL3 controls neutrophil release from bone marrow to circulation through surface expression of CXC chemokine receptor 2 (CXCR2) in a Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling-dependent manner in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced endotoxemia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUsing peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) reprogramming technology, a human-induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) line was produced from a patient who presents classic clinical features of arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVA) and carries a de novo laminin subunit alpha 2 (LAMA2) heterozygous mutation (NM_000426.3: c.8842G > A, p.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEGFR phosphorylation is required for TLR4-mediated macrophage activation during sepsis. However, whether and how intracellular EGFR is transported during endotoxemia have largely been unknown. Here, we show that LPS promotes high levels cell surface expression of EGFR in macrophages through two different transport mechanisms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur J Cardiothorac Surg
September 2022
We reported a case of a 14-year-old tetralogy of Fallot/pulmonary atresia patient, where a rare tubular aortopulmonary communication between the arterial trunks allowed for well-growth of the pulmonary vasculature. The patient underwent successful one-stage unifocalization, right ventricle-pulmonary artery conduit and ventricular septal defect closure. The tubular communication was considered an aortopulmonary window as opposed to the major aortopulmonary collateral, based on its exclusively intrapericardial course.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) is a heritable heart muscle disorder that predominantly affects the right ventricle. Mutations in genes that encode components of desmosomes, the adhesive junctions that connect cardiomyocytes, are the predominant cause of ARVC. A case with novel heterozygous mutation in the gene is reported here.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Sepsis-induced apoptosis leads to lymphopenia including the decrease of CD4 T cells thus favoring immunosuppression.
Objectives: Although epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitors significantly improve the survival rate of septic mice, the effect of EGFR on the function and metabolism of CD4 T cells in sepsis remained unknown.
Methods: CD4 T cells from septic mice and patients were assessed for apoptosis, activation, Warburg metabolism and glucose transporter 1 (Glut1) expression with or without the interference of EGFR activation.