Development and validation of a nomogram for predicting motoric cognitive risk syndrome among community-dwelling older adults in China: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Motoric cognitive risk (MCR) syndrome is characterized by slow gait speed and subjective cognitive complaints (SCC) and increases the risk of dementia and mortality.

Objective: This study aimed to examine the clinical risk factors and prevalence of MCR in community-dwelling older adults, with the goal of developing and validating a nomogram model for developing prevention strategies against MCR.

Methods: We enrolled community-dwelling participants aged 60-85 years at Guangwai Community Health Service Center between November 2023 and January 2024.

Secondhand smoke exposure and asthma status among adolescents: Findings from the 2019-2020 California Student Tobacco Survey.

Background And Objectives: Secondhand tobacco smoke is associated with worsening asthma symptoms among children. However, the relationship between secondhand marijuana smoke and asthma symptoms among youth has not been examined. This study compares the prevalence of secondhand tobacco and marijuana smoke exposure, overall and by asthma status, among middle and high school students.

Tobacco Quitline Callers Who Use Cannabis and Their Likelihood of Quitting Cigarette Smoking.

Introduction: Cigarette smoking continues to decline in the U.S., but cannabis use is increasing.

Hospital-Initiated Smoking Cessation Among Patients Admitted with Behavioral Health Conditions.

Background: Smoking rates among people living with behavioral health conditions (BHC) range from 30 to 65% and are 2-4 times higher than rates found in the general population. Starting tobacco treatment during a hospital stay is effective for smoking cessation, but little is known regarding treatment response among inpatients with BHC.

Objective: This study pooled data across multiple clinical trials to determine the relative success in quitting among participants with BHC compared to other study participants.

Development of a Natural Language Processing System to Identify Clinical Documentation of Electronic Cigarette Use.

Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems (ENDS) use has increased substantially in the United States since 2010. To date, there is limited evidence regarding the nature and extent of ENDS documentation in the clinical note. In this work we investigate the effectiveness of different approaches to identify a patient's documented ENDS use.

LGBTQ Utilization of a Statewide Tobacco Quitline: Engagement and Quitting Behavior, 2010-2022.

Introduction: Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer/questioning (LGBTQ) individuals use tobacco at disproportionately high rates but are as likely as straight tobacco users to want to quit and to use quitlines. Little is known about the demographics and geographic distribution of LGBTQ quitline participants, their engagement with services, or their long-term outcomes.

Aims And Methods: Californians (N = 333 429) who enrolled in a statewide quitline 2010-2022 were asked about their sexual and gender minority (SGM) status and other baseline characteristics.

Connecting Vietnamese-Speaking Immigrants who Smoke to the Asian Smokers Quitline: A Feasibility Pilot of Proactive Outreach Interventions.

Introduction: Cigarette smoking is highly prevalent among Asian American immigrant subgroups. Previously, Asian-language telephone Quitline services were only available in California. In 2012, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) funded the national Asian Smokers' Quitline (ASQ) to expand Asian-language Quitline services nationally.

Gender differences in family meal frequency and their association with substance use and mental health among middle and high school students.

Background: Family meals are associated with adolescent health outcomes. Studies have reported that girls are less likely than boys to have dinner with their families.

Purpose: This study examined gender differences in family meal frequency and the relationship between meal frequency and other health measures, using a large and representative sample of California middle and high school students.

Implementation, Maintenance, and Outcomes of an Electronic Referral to a Tobacco Quitline Across Five Health Systems.

Introduction: Electronic referral (e-referral) to quitlines helps connect tobacco-using patients to free, evidence-based cessation counseling. Little has been published about the real-world implementation of e-referrals across U.S.

Quitline Promotion to Medicaid Members Who Smoke: Effects of COVID-19-Specific Messaging and a Free Patch Offer.

Introduction: People who smoke are at increased risk of serious COVID-19-related disease but have had reduced access to cessation treatment during the pandemic. This study tested 2 approaches to promoting quitline services to Medicaid members who smoke at high rates: using COVID-19-specific messaging and offering free nicotine patches. The hypotheses were that both would increase enrollment.

In-Home Cannabis Smoking Among a Cannabis-Using Convenience Sample from the Global Drug Survey: With Weighted Estimates for U.S. Respondents.

Secondhand and thirdhand smoke exposure most often occur at home, but little is known about occurrences of in-home smoking. We ascertained in-home cannabis smoking reported by all (i.e.

Re-engagement of Low-Income Smokers in Quitline Services: Effects of Incentives and Method of Contact.

Introduction: Financial incentives have been shown to improve recruitment of low-income smokers into tobacco quitline services and to improve cessation outcomes. The present study evaluated their use to re-engage low-income smokers who had already used a quitline.

Aims And Methods: Randomly selected Medicaid smokers (N = 5200) who had previously enrolled in a quitline were stratified by time since enrollment (3, 6, 9, or 12 months) and randomly assigned in a 2 × 4 factorial design to receive, by mail or telephone, an invitation to reengage, with an offer of no financial incentive or $10, $20, or $40.

California School Staff Reports of Seeing Students Vaping at School and Disciplinary Actions.

Youth vaping is a concern and schools may use many approaches to discipline students caught vaping at school. This study identified the prevalence of school staff seeing vaping in schools and the measures used to discipline students. A state-wide sample of 7,938 staff from 255 middle and high schools reported whether they saw any students vaping at school in the last 30 days, whether they have caught any students vaping during class in the last semester, and what happened after catching a student vaping in class.

A Proactive Outreach Strategy Using a Local Area Code to Refer Unassisted Smokers in a Safety Net Health System to a Quitline: A Pragmatic Randomized Trial.

Introduction: Proactive outreach offering tobacco treatment is a promising strategy outside of clinical settings, but little is known about factors for engagement. The study objective is to examine the impact of caller area code in a proactive, phone-based outreach strategy on consenting low-income smokers to a quitline e-referral.

Aims And Methods: This pragmatic randomized trial included unassisted adult smokers (n = 685), whose preferred language was English or Spanish, in a Los Angeles safety-net health system.

Vaping at the VA: Developing an Annotated Corpus of Electronic Cigarette Mentions in Clinical Notes at the Department of Veterans Affairs.

Use of Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems (ENDS, colloquially known as "electronic cigarettes") has increased substantially in the United States in the decade since 2010. However, currently relatively little is known regarding the documentation of ENDS use in clinical notes. With this study, we describe the development of an annotation scheme (and associated annotated corpus) consisting of 4,351 ENDS mentions derived from Department of Veterans Affairs clinical notes during the period 2010-2020.

Examining Cannabis, Tobacco, and Vaping Discourse on Reddit: An Exploratory Approach Using Natural Language Processing.

Perceptions of tobacco, cannabis, and electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) are continually evolving in the United States. Exploring these characteristics through user generated text sources may provide novel insights into product use behavior that are challenging to identify using survey-based methods. The objective of this study was to compare the topics frequently discussed among Reddit members in cannabis, tobacco, and ENDS-specific subreddits.

Understanding health disparities affecting utilization of tobacco treatment in low-income patients in an urban health center in Southern California.

Tobacco use disproportionately affects low-income communities. Prevalence among patients in Federally Qualified Health Centers (FQHCs) is higher (29.3%) than the general population (20%).

In-home cannabis smoking more prevalent than in-home tobacco smoking among 2019 Global Drug Survey respondents.

Purpose Of The Research: Early evidence from studies of home smoking policies suggests that in-home cannabis smoking is more often allowed than in-home tobacco smoking, but there are not yet data on whether cannabis is more often smoked in the home compared to tobacco, or whether in-home cannabis and tobacco smoking differs by usage status. Using cross-sectional data from over 100,000 sentinel drug users from 17 countries, we compared cannabis and tobacco smoking in the homes of Global Drug Survey 2019 respondents who currently used cannabis only, tobacco only, both tobacco and cannabis, or neither.

Principal Results: Complete data on cannabis and tobacco use and in-home smoking were available for 107,272 adults (average age = 30 ± 12, 34% women, countries with the three highest response rates; Germany = 32%, USA = 10%, New Zealand = 9%).

Determining the prevalence of cannabis, tobacco, and vaping device mentions in online communities using natural language processing.

Introduction: The relationship between cannabis, tobacco, and vaping devices is both rapidly changing and poorly understood, with consumers rapidly shifting between use of all three product types. Given this dynamic and evolving landscape, there is an urgent need to monitor and better understand co-use, dual-use, and transition patterns between these products. This study describes work that utilizes social media - in this case, Reddit - in conjunction with automated Natural Language Processing (NLP) methods to better understand cannabis, tobacco, and vaping device product usage patterns.

Adolescent Use of and Susceptibility to Heated Tobacco Products.

Background And Objectives: A leading brand of heated tobacco products (HTPs), IQOS, was authorized to be sold in the United States in 2019. Researchers have examined the awareness and use of HTPs among US adults. In this study, we examined high school students' awareness, use, and susceptibility pertaining to HTPs.

Slim cigarette smoking in Urban China: Who are the early adopters and why?

Sales data in China indicate that slim cigarette consumption has increased dramatically over the last few years. This study examined who smoked slim cigarettes and the reasons for adopting these new products. A survey of an online panel from 19 Chinese cities was conducted from October 2018 to April 2019 with 20,055 members aged 16 and older.

Vaping identity in adolescent e-cigarette users: A comparison of norms, attitudes, and behaviors.

Introduction: Using the tenets underlying social identity theory and the theory of planned behavior, the current study compared the perceptions, attitudes, and behaviors of e-cigarette users that reported vaping as self-defining ("vapers") compared to users that denied vaping was central to their identity ("non-vapers").

Method: Secondary analyses of data from the 2017-2018 California Student Tobacco Survey were utilized. A weighted, multivariable regression model (N = 82,217) compared the demographic characteristics, beliefs, and behaviors of vapers and non-vapers.

Evaluation of the Asian Smokers' Quitline: A Centralized Service for a Dispersed Population.

Introduction: Asian immigrants to the U.S. smoke at higher rates than U.