J Am Soc Mass Spectrom
December 2024
Background/aim: Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS)-used for brain metastases (BMs) with a tumor diameter of ≤2 cm-has a high local control rate, however, it can cause symptomatic radiation-induced brain necrosis. Hypofractionated stereotactic radiation therapy (HFSRT) is not commonly used for such lesions and its effectiveness remains unknown. Herein, the efficacy of 30 Gy 5-fraction HFSRT for treating BMs of <2 cm was retrospectively evaluated.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUbiquitin-like 3 (UBL3) is a membrane-anchored protein that plays a crucial role in sorting proteins into small extracellular vesicles. Aggregations of alpha-synuclein (α-syn) are associated with the pathology of neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease. Recently, the interaction between UBL3 and α-syn was discovered, with potential implications in clearing excess α-syn from neurons and its role in disease spread.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSociety in eusocial insects is based on the reproductive division of labor, with a small number of reproductive individuals supported by a large number of nonreproductive individuals. Because inclusive fitness of all colony members depends on the survival and fertility of reproductive members, sterile members provide royals with special treatment. Here, we show that termite kings and queens each receive special food of a different composition from workers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDivision of labor is a prominent feature of social insect societies, where different castes engage in different specialized tasks. As brain differences are associated with behavioral differences, brain anatomy may be linked to caste polymorphism. Here, we show that termite brain morphology changes markedly with caste differentiation and age in the termite, Reticulitermes speratus.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCancer tissues reflect a greater number of pathological characteristics of cancer compared to cancer cells, so the evaluation of cancer tissues can be effective in determining cancer treatment strategies. Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) can evaluate cancer tissues and even identify molecules while preserving spatial information. Cluster analysis of cancer tissues' MSI data is currently used to evaluate the phenotype heterogeneity of the tissues.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMass spectrometry imaging (MSI) allows us to visualize the spatial distribution of molecular components in a sample. A large amount of mass spectrometry data comprehensively provides molecular distributions. In this study, we focus on the information in the obtained data and use the Shannon entropy as a quantity to analyze MSI data.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUbiquitin-like proteins (Ubls) are involved in a variety of biological processes through the modification of proteins. Dysregulation of Ubl modifications is associated with various diseases, especially cancer. Ubiquitin-like protein 3 (UBL3), a type of Ubl, was revealed to be a key factor in the process of small extracellular vesicle (sEV) protein sorting and major histocompatibility complex class II ubiquitination.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Thromboangiitis obliterans (TAO) is a rare disease of unknown cause that causes segmental vasculitis in peripheral blood vessels. It is uncertain whether its presence causes serious adverse events in patients receiving external beam radiotherapy.
Patient Concerns: A 73-year-old Japanese man with prostate cancer underwent external beam radiotherapy.
The characteristic patterns of mass spectra in imaging mass spectrometry (IMS) strongly reflect the tissue environment. However, the boundaries formed where different tissue environments collide have not been visually assessed. In this study, IMS and convolutional neural network (CNN), one of the deep learning methods, were applied to the extraction of characteristic mass spectra patterns from training brain regions on rodents' brain sections.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhotoisomerization of lipids has been well studied. As for the eyes, photoisomerization from 11-cis isomer to all-trans-retinal is well-known as the first step of the visual transduction in the photoreceptors. In addition to that, there would be other ocular lipids that undergo photoisomerization, which may be involved in ocular health and function.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe evaluated the basic characteristics and efficacy of our newly developed patient fixation system for head and neck radiotherapy that uses a dedicated mouthpiece and dental impression materials. The present investigation demonstrated that with this system, the changes in the absorbed dose to water depending on the material of the mouthpiece were small, with a maximum of 0.32% for a 10-MV photon beam.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Mass spectrometry (MS) analysis using direct infusion of biological fluids is often problematic due to high salts/buffers. Iodinated contrast media (ICM) are frequently used for diagnostic imaging purposes, sometimes inducing acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients with reduced kidney function. Therefore, detection of ICM in spent hemodialysates is important for AKI patients who require urgent continuous hemodiafiltration (CHDF) because it allows noninvasive assessment of the patient's treatment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis study used cine-magnetic resonance imaging (cine-MRI) to evaluate the safety and efficacy of a novel airbag system combined with a shell-type body fixation system in reducing respiratory motion in normal volunteers. The airbag system consists of a six-sided polygon inflatable airbag, a same shape plate, a stiff air supply tube, an air-supply pump and a digital pressure load cell monitor. Piezoelectric sensors were installed in the plate to detect compression pressure load changes; pressure load data were transferred to the digital pressure load cell monitor through Bluetooth.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn local and global disaster scenes, rapid recognition of victims' breathing is vital. It is unclear whether the footage transmitted from small drones can enable medical providers to detect breathing. This study investigated the ability of small drones to evaluate breathing correctly after landing on victims' bodies and hovering over them.
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