Publications by authors named "Shugo Sakihama"
Article Synopsis
- Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) is a type of cancer linked to HTLV-1 virus infection, with the WHO's new 5th Edition classification outlining essential and desirable diagnostic criteria for its identification.
- A new diagnostic method combining HBZ-ISH and tax-PCR enhances detection of HTLV-1 in cases where only preserved tissue samples are available, alongside traditional Southern blot techniques.
- The review addresses the morphological and phenotypic characteristics of ATLL, noting the prevalence of certain phenotypes, genetic abnormalities, and emphasizing the need for further research and classification in understanding the disease's complex nature.
Article Synopsis
- Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) is a type of T-cell cancer linked to the HTLV-1 virus, characterized by specific immunophenotypes outlined by the 2017 WHO classification which includes several positive and negative markers.
- A study assessing immunohistochemical profiles in 117 ATLL cases revealed that 20% did not fit the typical immunophenotype, with significant findings such as high rates of TCR negativity and associations between specific markers and morphological characteristics.
- No single immunophenotypic marker was found to be predictive of overall survival in ATLL patients, highlighting the complexity of the disease and the need for further research into its diverse profiles.
Article Synopsis
- Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) is a challenging T-cell cancer found in carriers of the human T-cell leukemia virus type-I (HTLV-1), and recent genomic studies have identified key genetic changes linked to its prognosis.*
- The deregulation of the T-cell receptor/nuclear factor-κB pathway plays a crucial role in the transformation of HTLV-1-infected cells, highlighting possible early diagnostic opportunities for ATLL.*
- A targeted genomic study in Okinawa uncovered significant genetic alterations associated with different HTLV-1 strains, emphasizing the need for understanding these variations for better clinical insights and treatment strategies.*
Carriers of oncogenic human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) can develop adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL). While an increasing number of animal models of HTLV-1 infection have revealed that malignant tumors with a histiocytic phenotype can arise, they have not been reported in humans. Here, we present a 79-year-old female HTLV-1 carrier who presented with a swollen lymph node.
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- - An increase in mature CD4 T-cells in peripheral blood is a key feature of acute adult T-cell leukemia (ATL), but the exact location of ATL cell proliferation has been unclear.
- - Research showed that ATL cells from lymph nodes (LNs) have higher levels of the proliferation marker Ki-67 compared to those from peripheral blood (PB) in acute type patients.
- - The results indicate that ATL cells likely proliferate in lymph nodes instead of peripheral blood, as PB cells displayed high levels of quiescence-related gene expression and low levels of T-cell expansion markers.
On the basis of immunohistochemistry, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is categorized as a germinal center B-cell (GCB) or non-GCB subtype. Recent integrated genomic analyses have highlighted the importance of the JAK-STAT3 pathway in the molecular pathogenesis of DLBCL. However, its relevance to clinical outcomes remains controversial.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHodgkin and Reed-Sternberg (HRS) cells, a hallmark of classic Hodgkin lymphoma (CHL), are occasionally detected in non-Hodgkin lymphomas, including adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL), a lymphoid neoplasm caused by human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1). HRS-like cells associated with ATLL have been described to be of B-cell lineage and infected with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), not HTLV-1. We herein describe clinicopathological findings in 8 cases (4 males and 4 females; median age, 73 years [range, 55-81 years]) of ATLL with HTLV-1-infected HRS-like cells identified by ultrasensitive RNA in situ hybridization for HTLV-1 basic leucine zipper factor (HBZ-ISH), a specific viral transcript of HTLV-1.
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- - The study investigates genetic changes in adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) among 89 Okinawan patients, revealing that they have similar mutation profiles to mainland Japanese patients but show distinct variations compared to North American cases.
- - Okinawan patients frequently exhibit specific mutations (e.g., GATA3 and RHOA) linked to the higher prevalence of the HTLV-1-taxA viral strain, suggesting that this strain may influence mutation rates differently than HTLV-1-taxB found in mainland Japan.
- - Clinically, the research highlights the negative impact of certain genetic alterations on patient outcomes and emphasizes the need for regional considerations in developing effective therapies for ATLL.
Histopathological distinction between adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) and other T-cell neoplasms is often challenging. The current gold standard for the accurate diagnosis of ATLL is the Southern blot hybridization (SBH) assay, which detects clonal integration of human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-1) provirus. However, SBH cannot be performed with small biopsy or formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue samples because this assay requires a large amount of DNA without degradation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) is a human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1)-associated T-cell malignancy with generally poor prognosis. Although only ∼5% of HTLV-1 carriers progress to ATL, early diagnosis is challenging because of the lack of ATL biomarkers. In this study, we analyzed blood plasma profiles of asymptomatic HTLV-1 carriers (ACs); untreated ATL patients, including acute, lymphoma, smoldering, and chronic types; and ATL patients in remission.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAims: Dermatopathic reaction is a histopathological finding of lymph nodes that usually occurs in patients with inflammatory pruritic cutaneous lesions. However, it is sometimes seen in patients with cutaneous T cell lymphoma. Adult T cell leukaemia/lymphoma (ATLL) is a T cell malignancy caused by infection with human T cell leukaemia virus type I (HTLV-1), which is frequently accompanied by cutaneous lesions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: In Lao People's Democratic Republic (PDR), which borders China, Vietnam, Cambodia, Thailand, and Myanmar, the number of HIV-infected patients has increased in recent years. HIV-infected patients diagnosed in Lao PDR are enrolled in a registration network and receive antiretroviral therapy (ART) covered by governmental financial support. Based on the registration network, we investigated intestinal helminth infections and coinfection with HTLV-1 in HIV-infected patients treated with an early intervention using ART in Lao PDR.
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- Okinawa has a high prevalence of HTLV-1, which causes adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma (ATL) and HTLV-1-associated myelopathy (HAM), leading researchers to study the tax genotype in local patients.
- Among 29 HTLV-1 carriers and 107 patients (74 ATL, 33 HAM), the study found a different distribution of tax genotypes: 44% taxA and 56% taxB, contrasting with previous data from mainland Japan.
- The findings indicate that taxA patients with aggressive ATL had worse clinical outcomes, with lower overall response and survival rates compared to taxB patients, suggesting the tax genotype can serve as a significant prognostic indicator for ATL severity.