Advances in the pathological mechanisms and clinical treatments of chronic visceral pain.

Chronic visceral pain stems from internal organs and is frequently associated with functional gastrointestinal disorders, like irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Since the underlying mechanisms of visceral pain remain largely unclear, clinical management is often limited and ineffective. Comprehensive research into the pathogenesis of visceral pain, along with the development of personalized therapeutic strategies, is crucial for advancing treatment options.

A vagus nerve dominant tetra-synaptic ascending pathway for gastric pain processing.

Gastric pain has limited treatment options and the mechanisms within the central circuitry remain largely unclear. This study investigates the central circuitry in gastric pain induced by noxious gastric distension (GD) in mice. Here, we identified that the nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS) serves as the first-level center of gastric pain, primarily via the vagus nerve.

Effects of Carbon Nanotubes on Mechanical Strength, Damage Process, and Microstructure of Lithium Tailing Backfilling.

In this study, common multiwalled and carboxylated carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were added to the cemented lithium tailings backfill (CLTB). The effects of CNTs on the mechanical properties, hydration products, damage process, and microstructure of CLTB specimens were studied by uniaxial compression (UCS), infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The experimental results show that the addition of CNTs effectively increased the compressive strength compared with the blank control group.

Improvement strategy of citrate and biochar assisted nano-palladium/iron composite for effective dechlorination of 2,4-dichlorophenol.

Rapid passivation and aggregation of nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) seriously limit its performance in the remediation of different contaminants from wastewater. To overcome such issues, in the present study, nano-palladium/iron (nPd/Fe) was simultaneously improved by biochar (BC) prepared from discarded peanut shells and green complexing agent sodium citrate (SC). For this purpose, a composite (SC-nPd/Fe@BC) was successfully synthesized to remove 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) from wastewater.

Neonatal stress disrupts the glymphatic system development and increases the susceptibility to Parkinson's disease in later life.

Introduction: Neonatal stress disrupts brain development and increases the risk of neurological disorders later in life. However, the impact of neonatal stress on the development of the glymphatic system and susceptibility to Parkinson's disease (PD) remains largely unknown.

Methods: Neonatal maternal deprivation (NMD) was performed on mice for 14 consecutive days to model chronic neonatal stress.

HDAC9-mediated calmodulin deacetylation induces memory impairment in Alzheimer's disease.

Aims: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive cognitive dysfunction and memory impairment. AD pathology involves protein acetylation. Previous studies have mainly focused on histone acetylation in AD, however, the roles of nonhistone acetylation in AD are less explored.

Homogeneous Catalytic Process of a Heterogeneous Ru Catalyst in Li-O via X-ray Nanodiffraction Observation.

In recent years, lithium oxygen batteries (Li-O) have received considerable research attention due to their extremely high energy density. However, the poor conductivity and ion conductivity of the discharge product lithium peroxide (LiO) result in a high charging overpotential, poor cycling stability, and low charging rate. Therefore, studying and improving catalysts is a top priority.

In Situ and Low-Cost Improvement of the Lithium Anode Interface in Garnet-Type Solid-State Electrolytes.

In recent years, the development of electric vehicles and environmental concerns have made necessary improvements in the energy density and safety of lithium-ion batteries. Therefore, the development of all-solid-state lithium-ion batteries (ASSLIBs) has become imperative. One advantage of ASSLIBs is their potential for downsizing with the use of lithium metal as the anode.

LncRNA NONRATT014888.2 contributes to cancer-induced bone pain through downregulation of natriuretic peptide receptor 3 in rats.

Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) is implicated in both cancer development and pain process. However, the role of lncRNA in the development of cancer-induced bone pain (CIBP) is unclear. LncRNA NONRATT014888.

Synergistic Effect of the Anode Interface of Garnet-Type All-Solid-State Batteries.

Next-generation lithium-ion batteries must have high energy density and safety, making the development of all-solid-state batteries imperative. One of the biggest advantages of an all-solid-state lithium-ion battery (ASSLIB) is that its alloy uses lithium metal as an anode while ignoring its flammability and other dangers. Herein, high-conductivity garnet-type LiLaZrTaO (LLZTO) was chosen as the solid electrolyte part of an all-solid-state battery.

Robust and Intimate Interface Enabled by Silicon Carbide as an Additive to Anodes for Lithium Metal Solid-State Batteries.

Garnet-type solid-state electrolytes are among the most reassuring candidates for the development of solid-state lithium metal batteries (SSLMB) because of their wide electrochemical stability window and chemical feasibility with lithium. However, issues such as poor physical contact with Li metal tend to limit their practical applications. These problems were addressed using β-SiC as an additive to the Li anode, resulting in improved wettability over Li La Zr Ta O (LLZTO) and establishing an improved interfacial contact.

Plant Growth Modeling and Response from Broadband Phosphor-Converted Lighting for Indoor Agriculture.

The rapid change in population, environment, and climate is accompanied by the food crisis. As a new type of farming, indoor agriculture opens the possibility of addressing this crisis in the future. In this study, a phosphor-converted light-emitting diode (pc-LED), as energy-saving lighting for indoor agriculture, was used to evaluate the response and effect on the growth of .

Melatonin attenuated chronic visceral pain by reducing Na1.8 expression and nociceptive neuronal sensitization.

Background: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common functional gastrointestinal disorder, and its specific pathogenesis is still unclear. We have previously reported that TTX-resistant (TTX-R) sodium channels in colon-specific dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons were sensitized in a rat model of visceral hypersensitivity induced by neonatal colonic inflammation (NCI). However, the detailed molecular mechanism for activation of sodium channels remains unknown.

DNMT1 involved in the analgesic effect of folic acid on gastric hypersensitivity through downregulating ASIC1 in adult offspring rats with prenatal maternal stress.

Aims: Gastric hypersensitivity (GHS) is a characteristic pathogenesis of functional dyspepsia (FD). DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) and acid-sensing ion channel 1 (ASIC1) are associated with GHS induced by prenatal maternal stress (PMS). The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanism of DNMT1 mediating the analgesic effect of folic acid (FA) on PMS-induced GHS.

Spontaneous In Situ Formation of Lithium Metal Nitride in the Interface of Garnet-Type Solid-State Electrolyte by Tuning of Molten Lithium.

All-solid-state lithium-ion batteries (ASSLIBs) have attracted much attention owing to their high energy density and safety and are known as the most promising next-generation LIBs. The biggest advantage of ASSLIBs is that it can use lithium metal as the anode without any safety concerns. This study used a high-conductivity garnet-type solid electrolyte (LiLaZrTaO, LLZTO) and Li-Ga-N composite anode synthesized by mixing melted Li with GaN.

Measurable Residual Disease Monitoring by Locked Nucleic Acid Quantitative Real-Time PCR Assay for Mutation in Adult AML.

Locked nucleic acid quantitative Real-Time PCR (LNA-qPCR) for IDH1/2 mutations in AML measurable residual disease (MRD) detection is rarely reported. LNA-qPCR was applied to quantify IDH1/2 mutants MRD kinetics in bone marrow from 88 IDH1/2-mutated AML patients, and correlated with NPM1-MRD, clinical characteristics, and outcomes. The median normalized copy number (NCN) of IDH1/2 mutants decreased significantly from 53,228 (range 87−980,686)/ALB × 106 at diagnosis to 773 (range 1.

The effects of biochar derived from feedstock with different Si and Al concentration on soil NO and CO emissions.

Desilicification and allitization is important characteristic of acidic soil. While decrease in soil silicon (Si) may generate Si limitation, the increase of aluminum (Al) will aggravate soil acidification. Biochar has been used in acid soil improvement, which could mitigate nitrous oxide (NO) emissions and alter soil Si and Al concentration.

Defect Mediated Improvements in the Photoelectrochemical Activity of MoS/SnS Ultrathin Sheets on Si Photocathode for Hydrogen Evolution.

Solar-driven water electrolysis to produce hydrogen is one of the clean energy options for the current energy-related challenges. Si as a photocathode exhibits a large overpotential due to the slow hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) kinetics and hence needs to be modified with a cocatalyst layer. MoS is a poor HER cocatalyst due to its inert basal plane.

A paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus input to ventral of lateral septal nucleus controls chronic visceral pain.

Irritable bowel syndrome is a functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by chronic visceral pain with complex etiology and difficult treatment. Accumulated evidence has confirmed that the sensitization of the central nervous system plays an important role in the development of visceral pain, whereas the exact mechanisms of action of the neural pathways remain largely unknown. In this study, a distinct neural circuit was identified from the paraventricular hypothalamic (PVH) to the ventral of lateral septal (LSV) region.

Integrated green complexing agent and biochar modified nano zero-valent iron for hexavalent chromium removal: A characterisation and performance study.

In this study, nano zero-valent iron (nZVI) was loaded on biochar (BC) prepared from recycled waste peanut shells. The loaded BC in the nZVI@BC composite was assumed to weaken the agglomeration of nZVI and the environmentally-friendly complexing agents sodium citrate (Cit) and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) were used to establish Cit-nZVI@BC and CMC-nZVI@BC for the effective removal of Cr(VI) from aqueous environments. The characterisation results suggested that Cit and CMC not only inhibited the oxidation of nZVI, but also effectively improved its reactivity.

Molybdenum Disulfide/Tin Disulfide Ultrathin Nanosheets as Cathodes for Sodium-Carbon Dioxide Batteries.

Metal-CO rechargeable batteries are of great importance due to their higher energy density and carbon capture capability. In particular, Na-CO batteries are potential energy-storage devices that can replace Li-based batteries due to their lower cost and abundance. However, because of the slow electrochemical processes owing to the carbonated discharge products, the cell shows a high overpotential.