Associations of lamplight exposure during sleep and sleep duration with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder among preschool children in China.

Introduction: This study aimed to examine the associations of exposure to light while sleeping at night and different sleep durations with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) among preschool children in China.

Methods: A cross-sectional study including 4197 preschool children (2190 boys and 2007 girls) was conducted in 2021. Lamplight exposure during sleep and sleep duration were collected via a validated questionnaire.

Association between maternal exercise during pregnancy and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder among preschool children in Southwest China.

Objective: Maternal moderate-intensity exercise during pregnancy has important health benefits for the offspring, however, less is known about its association with offspring attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). This study aimed to explore the association between maternal exercise during pregnancy and ADHD among preschool children in Southwest China.

Methods: A web-based cross-sectional study was performed in 2021, and the revised Conners Parental Symptom Questionnaire and maternal exercise during pregnancy were obtained through a self-reported structured questionnaire.

Association Between Dietary Diversity and Subjective Cognitive Decline in the Middle-Aged and Elderly Chinese Population: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: This cross-sectional study aimed to examine the association between dietary diversity and risk of subjective cognitive decline (SCD), a precursor of dementia, in middle-aged and elderly Chinese populations residing in eastern China.

Methods: Participants aged ≥ 45 years were recruited from a community in an eastern Chinese city after excluding potential objective cognitive impairment using the Mini-Cognitive Assessment Instrument (Mini-Cog). SCD was assessed using the Subjective Cognitive Decline Questionnaire-9 (SCD-Q9).

The association between appetite and eating behaviors among Chinese female university students.

Background: Young females are at a higher risk of developing unhealthy eating behaviors. This study investigated the relationship between appetitive traits and eating behaviors among female university students.

Methods: The study participants were 520 female university students from a public university in Eastern China.

Gallic Acid Attenuates Sepsis-Induced Liver Injury through C/EBPβ-Dependent MAPK Signaling Pathway.

Scope: Liver injury is a major complication associated with sepsis. Together with others, the study has shown that gallic acid (GA) exerts anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects in vivo. However, the role of GA in sepsis-mediated hepatic impairment and the underlying mechanisms remains to be elucidated.

New horizons for the study of saffron (Crocus sativus L.) and its active ingredients in the management of neurological and psychiatric disorders: A systematic review of clinical evidence and mechanisms.

Saffron (Crocus sativus), as an herbal medicine, has been extensively investigated for treating neurological and psychiatric disorders. This systematic review aimed to assess the overall effects of saffron on cognition, depression, anxiety, sleep disorders, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were identified by searching PubMed/Medline, Web of Science, and Clinical Trials databases up to June 2023 according to search terms and inclusion criteria.

Apple Polyphenol Extract Ameliorates Atherosclerosis and Associated Cognitive Impairment through Alleviating Neuroinflammation by Weakening TLR4 Signaling and NLRP3 Inflammasome in High-Fat/Cholesterol Diet-Fed LDLR Male Mice.

Although studies have supported the beneficial effects of the ingredients of apple polyphenol extract (APE), a polyphenol mixture being extracted from whole fresh apples, on neurodegenerative diseases, the role of APE in atherosclerosis-related cognitive impairment remains unclear. To clarify the role of APE in regulating cognitive dysfunction in mice with atherosclerosis and the underlying mechanisms, high-fat/cholesterol diet-fed male LDLR mice were gavaged with 125 or 500 mg/(kg·bw·d) APE solution or sterile double-distilled water for consecutive 8 weeks, and age-matched C57BL/6 male mice were employed as normal control. APE intervention increased the serum concentration of high-density apolipoprotein cholesterol, improved atherosclerosis, and ameliorated cognitive function of mice by inhibiting the phosphorylation of tau protein, supporting with significantly reduced platform latency and obviously increased swimming distance in the target quadrant according to the Morris water maze test.

Effect of low-glycemic index diet advice on pregnant outcomes in women with elevated risk of gestational diabetes mellitus: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trails.

Background And Aims: The beneficial effect of low-glycemic index (GI) diet on gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has been suggested in many observational studies; however, results from intervention trials remain inconsistent. This study aims to estimate the effect of interventions with low-GI dietary advice on pregnant outcomes in women with elevated risk of GDM.

Design: PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases were searched for randomized clinical trials (RCTs) through March 2022.

Effects of betaine supplementation on inflammatory markers: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.

Several studies have suggested that betaine is closely related to inflammatory biomarkers that contribute to the development of metabolic diseases, but the effect remains controversial. This meta-analysis aimed to assess the effects of betaine supplementation on inflammatory markers based on randomised controlled trials (RCTs). PubMed, Web of Science and ResearchGate databases were searched up to March 2023.

A meta-analysis and systematic review of randomized clinical trials on the effect of coffee consumption on heart rate.

Context: Resting heart rate (HR) is increasingly recognized as an indicator of disease and overall morbidity and mortality. Whether chronic coffee consumption affects resting HR is an important consideration for individual consumers as well as from a public health perspective.

Objective: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was conducted to examine the effectiveness of coffee consumption on resting HR.

Concentrations and homologue patterns of SCCPs and MCCPs in the serum of the general population of adults in Hangzhou, China.

Due to their ubiquitous presence in the environment and humans, chlorinated paraffins (CPs) are a major environmental and public health concern. CPs are known to persist, bioaccumulate and potentially threaten human health, but reports on their internal exposure in the adult general population are still scarce. In this study, serum samples collected from adults living in Hangzhou, China, were quantified for SCCPs and MCCPs using GC-NCI-MS methods.

Effect of Probiotics Supplementation on Heart Rate: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials.

Background And Aims: Probiotics consumption lowers the risk of cardiovascular disease, but whether it affects heart rate (HR) remains controversial. Therefore, our study aimed to assess the chronotropic effects of probiotics on heartbeat via a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.

Methods: Relevant studies were identified by searching PubMed, Cochrane library, and Clinical Trials databases up to October 2021.

Crocin alleviates cognitive impairment associated with atherosclerosis via improving neuroinflammation in LDLR mice fed a high-fat/cholesterol diet.

Crocin has been extensively investigated in treating neurodegenerative diseases. However, its effect on cognitive impairment associated with atherosclerosis remains unknown. The present study aimed to explore the potential mechanism of crocin on cognitive impairment in a mouse model of atherosclerosis.

Oat fiber supplementation alleviates intestinal inflammation and ameliorates intestinal mucosal barrier via acting on gut microbiota-derived metabolites in LDLR mice.

Objective: Gut microbiota-derived metabolites are involved in intestinal inflammation, which can affect the development of atherosclerotic plaques. Previous studies have shown that oat fiber can delay the progression of atherosclerosis via improving lipid metabolism. The aim of this study was to evaluate how oat fiber acted on gut microbiota-derived metabolites, inhibited intestinal inflammation, and protected the intestinal mucosal barrier.

Oat Fiber Modulates Hepatic Circadian Clock via Promoting Gut Microbiota-Derived Short Chain Fatty Acids.

The biological alteration of circadian rhythm was found to be related to the development of metabolic disorders. Our previous studies reported that impaired lipid metabolism caused by a high-fat diet was improved by oat fiber, but did not attempt to answer whether the improvement is mechanistically linked to circadian rhythm. By focusing on circadian alteration, the present study aimed to elucidate the effect of gut microbiota-derived short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) on circadian rhythm in a high-fat diet experimental paradigm with and without dietary oat fiber feeding.

Effects of Oat Fiber Intervention on Cognitive Behavior in LDLR Mice Modeling Atherosclerosis by Targeting the Microbiome-Gut-Brain Axis.

It is known that cardiovascular disease can result in cognitive impairment. However, whether oat fiber improves cognitive behavior through a cardiovascular-related mechanism remains unclear. The present work was aimed to elucidate the potential of oat fiber on cognitive behavior by targeting the neuroinflammation signal and microbiome-gut-brain axis in a mouse model of atherosclerosis.

[Effects of wheat bran fiber on lipid metabolism in ApoE~(-/-) mice].

Objective: To explore the effect and mechanism of wheat bran fiber on lipid metabolism in ApoE~(-/-)mice fed a high fat diet.

Methods: Twenty 7-week-old male ApoE~(-/-)mice were randomly divided into two groups and fed either a high fat diet as AS model group or a high fat diet adding 0. 8% wheat bran fiber as W-fiber group.

Cereal fiber improves blood cholesterol profiles and modulates intestinal cholesterol metabolism in C57BL/6 mice fed a high-fat, high-cholesterol diet.

Background: Dietary intake of cereal fiber has been reported to benefit lipid metabolism through multiple mechanisms. The present study aimed to discover the potential mechanisms by which cereal fiber could modify the intestinal cholesterol metabolism.

Design: Male C57BL/6 mice were fed a reference chow (RC) diet; high-fat, high-cholesterol (HFC) diet; HFC plus oat fiber diet; or HFC plus wheat bran fiber diet for 24 weeks.

Cereal Fiber Ameliorates High-Fat/Cholesterol-Diet-Induced Atherosclerosis by Modulating the NLRP3 Inflammasome Pathway in ApoE Mice.

Cereal fiber is associated with decreasing the risk of cardiovascular diseases. However, whether cereal fiber modulates inflammatory response and improves atherosclerosis remains unclear. This study evaluated the anti-atherosclerotic effect of cereal fibers from oat or wheat bran and explored the potential anti-inflammatory mechanisms.

Vitamin D Combined with Resveratrol Prevents Cognitive Decline in SAMP8 Mice.

Background: Vitamin D (VD) and resveratrol (RSV) are two nutritional molecules that have reported neuroprotective effects, and findings from cellular models suggest that resveratrol could potentiate vitamin D's effects. The senescence-accelerated mouse-prone 8 (SAMP8) is a useful model of Alzheimer's disease (AD)-related memory impairment.

Objective: We aimed to explore how the combination of vitamin D with resveratrol would affect memory impairments shown by SAMP8 mice, as well as the potential mechanisms.

Chronic leucine supplementation improves lipid metabolism in C57BL/6J mice fed with a high-fat/cholesterol diet.

Background: Leucine supplementation has been reported to improve lipid metabolism. However, lipid metabolism in adipose tissues and liver has not been extensively studied for leucine supplementation in mice fed with a high-fat/cholesterol diet (HFCD).

Design: C57BL/6J mice were fed a chow diet, HFCD, HFCD supplemented with 1.

Effects of low-glycemic-index diets in pregnancy on maternal and newborn outcomes in pregnant women: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Purpose: Maternal diet with a high glycemic index (GI) is associated with fetal overgrowth and higher infant body adiposity. Effects of low-GI diet on maternal and newborn outcomes have been assessed in both healthy pregnancy and gestational diabetes mellitus, but the results remain inconclusive. This meta-analysis aimed to examine the effects of low-GI diets on maternal and newborn outcomes.

Effects of 8-Week Hatha Yoga Training on Metabolic and Inflammatory Markers in Healthy, Female Chinese Subjects: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

We aimed to determine the effects of an 8 wk Hatha yoga training on blood glucose, insulin, lipid profiles, endothelial microparticles (EMPs), and inflammatory status in healthy, lean, and female Chinese subjects. A total of 30 healthy, female Chinese subjects were recruited and randomized into control or yoga practice group. The yoga practice included 8 wks of yoga practice (2 times/wk) for a total of 16 times.

Effects of plant stanol or sterol-enriched diets on lipid profiles in patients treated with statins: systematic review and meta-analysis.

Efficacy and safety data from trials with suitable endpoints have shown that non-statin medication in combination with a statin is a potential strategy to further reduce cardiovascular events. We aimed to evaluate the overall effect of stanol- or sterol-enriched diets on serum lipid profiles in patients treated with statins by conducting a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs). We used the PubMed, Cochrane library and ClinicalTrials.

Effects of cereal fiber on leptin resistance and sensitivity in C57BL/6J mice fed a high-fat/cholesterol diet.

Background: Cereal fiber is reported to be associated with obesity and metabolic diseases. However, whether cereal fiber improves leptin resistance and sensitivity remains unclear.

Design: For 24 weeks, 48 male C57BL/6J mice were randomly given a normal chow diet (Chow), high-fat/cholesterol diet (HFD), HFD with 0.