Effect of choline amino acid ionic liquids on maize seed germination and endogenous plant hormone levels.

Prior research has established choline-based ionic liquids (ILs) as safe for various organisms. However, their impact on plants has been underexplored. To identify effective eco-friendly ILs, we synthesized seven choline amino acid ([Chl][AA]) ILs and analyzed their physiological influence on maize seed germination.

An n-of-1 Trial Service in Clinical Practice: Testing the Effectiveness of Liuwei Dihuang Decoction for Kidney-Yin Deficiency Syndrome.

Objective. To describe the clinical use of n-of-1 RCTs for kidney-Yin deficiency syndrome that is a traditional Chinese medicine syndrome in publicly clinical practice in China. Methods.