[Hygienic and medicosocial problems in the training of pupils at vocational colleges].

The authors studied the specific features of adaptation in a heterogeneous cohort of pupils (final-year pupils of common, compensating education classes and those of auxiliary schools) to the conditions of varying-level vocational training in building professions. The physiological cost of a learning process, which was associated with the volume and nature of a training load, was shown to be high. The functional capacities of different cohorts of pupils were comparatively assessed on the basis of the common integral index of mental performance, which offered more objective possibilities of hygienically substantiating the volume of an educational load.

[Quality of life and health promotion in students of professional education institutions].

Evaluation of quality of life in adolescents attending professional education institutions revealed significant difference between their socio-medical characteristics and those of pupils in schools providing general education. The main risk factors in the two groups are identified. It is shown that social conditions, mode of teaching, and life style may contribute to the deterioration of health status and functional abilities of adolescents.

[Hygiene of shaping up a healthy working generation under the conditions of today].

Prerequisites of shaping up the health condition, including health status, life mode and conditions of occupational training, in teenagers receiving workers' skills at basic-stage professional training facilities are under consideration. The specificity of adaptive responses and of health status is described in young females, mastering the jobs within the confectionary and public catering industry, during the professional training period, which is indicative of a higher sensitivity of teenagers' organisms towards the production factors' effects. Reliable trends towards aggravated indices of the health status in pupils of professional training facilities were registered during a 10-year observation period.

A single glycine mutation in the equilibrative nucleoside transporter gene, hENT1, alters nucleoside transport activity and sensitivity to nitrobenzylthioinosine.

The human equilibrative nucleoside transporter, hENT1, which is sensitive to inhibition by nitrobenzylthioinosine (NBMPR), is expressed in a wide variety of tissues. hENT1 is involved in the uptake of natural nucleosides, including regulation of the physiological effects of extracellular adenosine, and transports nucleoside drugs used in the treatment of cancer and viral diseases. Structure-function studies have revealed that transmembrane domains (TMD) 3 through 6 of hENT1 may be involved in binding of nucleosides.

Meiotic crossing-over in the regions of homology between homologous chromosomes V.

Homologous chromosomes V of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and S. carlsbergensis virtually do not recombine in meiosis. Artificially created short regions of homology were found to induce meiotic crossing-over if they contained sequences located upstream of the S.

[Hygienic assessment of early employment of adolescents during out-of-school hours].

The paper deals with the study of out-of-school working activity of a thousand 7-11 form pupils from Moscow schools by using an anonymous questionnaire. It has been found that as high as 25% of the schoolchildren regularly do different kinds of work. There are a lot of violations of the labour code as to the duration of their working day and the nature of their work.

[Professional orientation of youth: medical and psychophysiological aspects].

The scientific and practical aspects of medical and psychophysiological professional orientation in teenagers and young people have become more and more pressing due to their poorer health along with higher demands for their resistance to unfavourable factors. The aid of a physician and a psychophysiologist in their choice of a future profession promotes the prevention of general and occupational morbidity. Work on professional orientation should be began at school in the 5th-6th and done through school life during which they get a general and vocational education.

[Mutation of ade13-1 of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae leads to the absence of growth on a complete medium with glucose and epistatically interacts with mutations in other genes for purine biosynthesis].

Saccharomyces cerevisiae gene ADE13 encodes enzyme adenylosuccinate lyase catalyzing steps 8 and 12 of the de novo purine pathway. The mutation ade13-1 induced by ethyl methanesulfonate leads to a complete loss of enzymatic activity. Stocks with this mutation cannot grow on complete organic media with glucose or fructose as a carbon source, but they can grow on media with glycerol or ethanol.

[Adolescent health care in vocational training and work].

Approaches to promoting adolescents' health are examined. They are linked with the conditions of vocational training and work, on the one hand, and the functional potentials of adolescents, on the other. Legislative limitations to use the under-aged persons' labour are considered.

[Cloning, structure and features of a Saccharomyces cerevisiae DNA fragment causing the expression of reporter genes].

A DNA fragment "PX" of 240 b.p. was isolated at random from the genomic sequences of S.

[Features of integration of recombinant cosmids, containing Aspergillus terreus DNA, in the Saccharomyces cerevisiae genome].

A genome clonotheque of 25-40 kb Sau3A fragments of Aspergillus terreus DNA was constructed in the episomal cosmid vector pES33 containing the ARG4 gene of yeast. 23 independently originated stable Arg+ transformants were selected after transformation of the cir0 yeast strain ESH-O with pooled cosmid molecules. Both genetic and Southern analysis showed that 39% of these stable transformants occurred due to recombination between DNA sequences from A.

[Construction of hybrid plasmids containing the yeast replicator].

In Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain 6-1G-P188 about 10 per cent of rRNA genes exist as extrachromosomal copies of rDNA repeating units. These extrachromosomal copies can be isolated as covalently closed molecules with lengths around 3mu. We have constructed a set of hybrid plasmids containing the bacterial vector pBR325, the LEU2 gene of yeast encoding beta-isopropylmalatedehydrogenase and various EcoRI restriction fragments of the 3mu DNA.