[Comparative characteristic of Burkholderiae pseudomallei group].

Aim: Comparative characteristic of diagnostic value of main cultural-biological characteristics of Burkholderiae pseudomallei group.

Materials And Methods: 59 strains of B. pseudomallei, 14 --B.

[Experimental study on chemotherapy of acute glanders].

Glanders is a zoonotic infection inducing acute forms of the disease (pneumonia, sepsis) in humans and animals under certain conditions, which even with the use of modern chemotherapy have unfavourable prognosis. Insufficient of efficacy of antibiotics with in vitro low MIC for planktonic bacterial suspension of Burkholderia mallei in chemotherapy of acute forms of glanders was due to the capacity of the pathogen for intracellular survival and formation of biofilms. Under such conditions the susceptibility of B.

[In vitro antibiotic susceptibility compliance with efficacy of chemotherapy in infections due to pathogenic Burkholderias].

Among the known species of Burkholderia only two are obligate pathogens, i.e., B.

[Compensatory function of submandibular salivary glands in diabetes and prospects for stimulating them with isoproterenol].

A brief review is presented of experimental studies conducted over several years (1970s-1990s) on the incretory potential of salivary glands, specifically on their role in the maintenance of carbohydrate homeostasis; a review is also presented of data on the stimulation of this potential by isoproterenol, a beta-adrenergic agonist.

[Seventy years of the Department of Cytology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, Moscow State University].

Histology, which is inseparable from cytology as a scientific discipline, has been taught at the University of Moscow for more than 130 years. In the second half of the XIX century, this discipline made a revolutionary impact on physiology and medicine in European science. The first Department (Chair) of Histology and Embryology was established at the Moscow Imperial University in 1869 at the Faculty of Medicine under Prof.

[Oscillatory changes in cells of the submandibular glands in mice during the secretory cycle].

By means of 3H-leucine radioautography, ultrastructural and morphometrical analysis, it has been demonstrated that in the cells of the acinar (Ac) and granular (Gr) parts of the submandibular gland (SMG) in mice with a synchronized for 3 h nutrition cycle there are endogenic fluctuations (for about 1 h) of the secretory process. They are demonstrated as alterations in intensity of protein synthesis in the cells, their areas and ultrastructure. In the Ac cells at the moment of feeding and in 50, 110, 150 min after feeding maximal leucine incorporation is observed.

[Rhythmic changes in protein synthesis in mouse pancreatocytes after food stimulation, in alloxan diabetes and in isoproterenol exposure].

Radioautography revealed data on protein synthesis dynamics in pancreacytes of intact mice, subjected to alloxan diabetes and isoproterenol (ISP) injection after synchronized secretion. Rhythmic fluctuation of protein synthesis with maximum uptake of 3H-leucine 40 and 80 min after treatment was observed in intact animals. The above maximums correlated with the increase in the cell size.

[The distribution of insulin-containing cells in the developing tissues of the common frog (Rana temporaria)].

Monoclonal antibodies to pig insulin were used to follow the changes in localization of insulin-containing cells during the ontogenesis of the brown frog, Rana temporaria L., from stage 20 (Dabagian, Sleptsova, 1975) until completion of metamorphosis and beginning of active nutrition. Insulin-containing were localized in brain, surface epithelium, intestine, olfactory epithelium, taste teats, kidney tubules, ciliated epithelium of the oral cavity, pancreas, Jacobson and interjaw glands was found out.

[Immunofluorescent and immunoenzymatic analysis of an insulin-like protein of the mouse submandibular glands using monoclonal antibodies to insulin].

As has been reported earlier, submandibular glands of animals and man contain insulin-like protein (ILP), similar in some of its properties to pancreatic insulin. An immunocytochemical method with polyclonal anti-insulin serum has shown that ILP is contained in cells of the submandibular gland granular ducts. This paper is concerned with the determination of localization of ILP and estimation of its structural identity with insulin by using monoclonal antibodies to pig insulin.

[Ultrastructure of the submandibular glands in rats kept in weightlessness].

Submandibular salivary glands of male rats weighing 330-350 g were examined after space flight and ground-based control study. Light microscopy was carried out using hematoxylin-eosin staining and PAS-reaction. Electron microscopy was performed using glutaraldehyde and osmium tetroxide fixation and contrasting according to Reynolds.

[Concentration and distribution of insulin and insulin-like protein in the organs of normal and diabetic mice].

Presence of insulin or insulin-like protein has been studied in mouse liver, kidneys, lungs, duodenum, jejunum, submandibular and parotid salivary glands, in femoral, diaphragmal and abdominal wall muscles by means of the immunofluorescent method. In order to understand the role of the extrapancreatic insulin for compensation of the insular insufficiency, corresponding organs have been examined in mice with alloxan diabetes. The immunoreactive insulin is proved to be present only in cells of the granular parts of the salivary tubules of the submandibular and striated ducts of the parotid glands.

[Changes in mouse submaxillary glands after injection of isoproterenol in intact and depancreatized animals].

The changes in the relative weight, cell area and ultrastructure of the submaxillary glands (SMG) of CBA/C57BL mice and those in the content of immunoreactive insulin-like protein (IRILP) occurring in the organ were studied. The changes were examined on day 6 after isoproterenol (ISP) injection (23 mg/100 g bw) to healthy animals (group I), on day 13 after pancreatectomy and on day 6 after injection of the indicated dose of ISP (group II), and on day 13 after pancreatectomy without ISP injection (group III). Intact animals served as control.

Submandibular glands as organs of synthesis and accumulation of insulin-like protein.

Experiments are presented to determine the endocrine function of submandibular salivary glands in the light of a hypothesis about synthesis of insulin-like protein (ILP) and participation of these organs in regulation of the glucose level in the organism. ILP was discovered in submandibular glands of male mice, rats, hamsters, cats, rabbits, pigs, bulls, and men. Electrophoretical and immunological studies of insulin-like protein, extracted from these glands, showed its similarity with pancreatic insulin.

[Localization of insulin-like protein in the submaxillary glands of laboratory animals].

Insulin-like protein (ILP) was extracted from the submaxillary glands of cats, guinea-pigs and male rabbits. As shown by radioimmunoassay, it is localized in the cells of the striated ducts of the salivary tubes. ILP is likely to be related to small granules visible under electron microscope.

[Connections between the submaxillary glands and pancreas].

Studies have been made on the in vitro incorporation of 3H-leucine into insulin-like protein of the submaxillary glands and pancreatic insulin of mice. The effect of glucose on the intensity of incorporation of the labeled leucine into these proteins was also investigated. In was shown that during incubation of the submaxillary glands in the medium containing 3H-leucine, isotope is incorporated into the insulin-like protein, this fact indicating that this protein is synthesized in the glands.

[Presence of an insulinlike protein in the submandibular salivary glands of man and agricultural animals].

An insulinlike protein (ILP) has been extracted from the submaxillary glands of men, bulls and boars. Its electrophoretic mobility is similar to that of the cristalline insulin. In addition, electrophoregrams of bulls and boars show that levels of the main zones of ILP and the insulin extracted from the pancreas by the same method coinside.

[Ultrastructure of the human submandibular salivary glands].

By means of electron microscopy cells in the human submandibular glands were studied. It was demonstrated that in acini two types of glandular cells were present: mucosal and seromucosal. In the latter, secretory granules are descrete with electron opaque cores in most of them.

[Insulin-like substance in the submaxillary glands of mice normally and in alloxan diabetes].

The content of an insulin-like substance, revealed in the submaxillary glands of mice by means of the radioimmunological method proved to decrease in alloxan diabetes, still remaining higher than in the blood serum of the same animals. Cells of the granular portions of the salivary ducts underwent some ultrastructural changes in this disease. The exogenous 125I-insulin was capable of being included into the cells of the salivary ducts.