[Results of combined surgeries for cancer of the colon complicated with stomach and duodenal fistulas].

Positive results of combined surgeries in locally advanced cancer of the colon complicated with gastric fistula (3 patients) and duodenal fistula (1 patient) are presented. Effective treatment of these patients requires complex examination, good preoperative preparation, perfect anesthetic management, adequate operation and intensive postoperative (including antibacterial) therapy.

[Role of the attitude to work in the rehabilitation of patients with breast cancer].

The nature and changes of motivation for work as well as occupational rehabilitation planning were studied in 50 cases of radical mastectomy for breast cancer. The approach was based on the general principles of psychology and some methods of pathopsychology. Patient's motivation for work was found to be one of the major factors leading to occupational rehabilitation, the latter being less dependent on the stage of disease and surgical procedure in patients with stable motivation.

Defective monocyte function in acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS): evidence from a monocyte-dependent T-cell proliferative system.

T-cell proliferative responses to the mitogenic monoclonal antibody anti-Leu 4 were assessed in healthy controls, lymphadenopathy syndrome (LAS) patients, and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients. While 19% of the control group showed low anti-Leu 4 responses (less than 12,000 cpm), 60% of the LAS patients, 71% of the AIDS-opportunistic infection patients, and 50% of the AIDS-Kaposi's sarcoma patients showed low responses. T-cell responsiveness in healthy low responders was greatly enhanced by the addition of monocytes from an anti-Leu 4 high responder (responder monocytes).

[Use of sodium hydroxybutyrate in surgery on patients with diffuse purulent peritonitis].

Sodium hydroxybutyrate is recommended as an anesthetic drug for the main narcosis as possessing the antishock and antihypoxic effect on the basis of an experience with the surgical treatment of 146 patients with diffuse purulent peritonitis in extremely critical states which were estimated as a hypodynamic form of septic shock.

[Automated collection of the anamnesis in mass screenings (the example of oncological screening)].

An automated system for collecting medical history data, incorporating computer devices, is proposed. The program of questioning according to a branching scheme has been devised. The automated method of collecting medical history data has the following advantages over the traditional questionnaire method: the automated method reduces the time of survey and fatigues the patients less; besides, it allows one to form "risk groups" to ensure greater precision in diagnosis and treatment.

[Aspects of providing the equipment for mass screening systems for the early detection of oncological diseases].

An optimal modification of the patients flow arrangement is offered for more convenient form and methods of the population screening for malignant tumours and precancerous diseases, aided by medical and computer techniques. A scheme of the mass-screening system and principal aspects of technical provision particularly for oncological screening are presented.

[Causes for refusing surgical treatment among gastric cancer patients].

The data on 26 gastric cancer patients who refused to be treated at different Moscow City hospitals are reported. A questionnaire method was employed to study the cause of such refusals. Some practical recommendations are given to reduce the number of the latter.