Anti-Dyslipidemic Potential of Sulfated Glycosaminoglycan from Rock Oyster Saccostrea cucullata: An in vivo study.

The rock oyster, Saccostrea cucullata, native to the Indo-Pacific region, is renowned for its nutritional and therapeutic benefits. A sulfated glycosaminoglycan (SCP-2) with β-(1→3)-GlcNSp and α-(1→4)-GlcAp as recurring units isolated from S. cucullata.

Photoprotective sulfated mannogalactan from heterotrophic Bacillus velezensis blocks UV-A mediated matrix metalloproteinase expression and nuclear DNA damage in human dermal fibroblast.

Prolonged exposure of human dermal fibroblasts (HDF) to ultraviolet (UV) radiation triggers the production of reactive oxygen species by upregulating the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), causing type-I collagen degradation and photoaging. A sulfated (1 → 3)/(1 → 4) mannogalactan exopolysaccharide (BVP-2) characterized as [→3)-α-Galp-{(1 → 4)-α-6-O-SO-Manp}-(1 → 3)-α-6-O-SO-Galp-(1→] was isolated from seaweed-associated heterotrophic bacterium Bacillus velezensis MTCC13097. Whole genome analysis of B.

Sulphated glycosaminoglycan isolated from the edible slipper oyster (Röding, 1798) attenuates inflammatory cytokines on lipopolysaccharide-prompted macrophages.

The slipper oyster (Ostreidae) is considered as culinary delicacy among marine bivalves, and a sulphated glycosaminoglycan, 4,6-O-SO--(1→3)-GalNAc (unit A) and -(1→4)-GlcA (unit B) as principle structural motif containing laterally branched 4-O-SO--glucopyranose (unit C) (MBP-3) was isolated from this species. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR), and mass spectroscopy techniques were used to characterise MBP-3. MBP-3 exhibited anti-inflammatory activities against inflammatory 5-lipoxygenase (IC 0.

Immunomodulatory effect of sulfated galactofucan from marine macroalga Turbinaria conoides.

Sulfated polysaccharides are effective immunostimulating agents by activating several intracellular signaling pathways. A sulfated (1 → 3)/(1 → 4)-linked galactofucan TCP-3 with promising immunomodulatory effects was purified from a marine macroalga Turbinaria conoides. The immune-enhancing potential of TCP-3 (100-400 mg/kg BW) was evaluated on cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppressed animals by increasing bone marrow cellularity (10-13 cells/femur/mL x 10), α-esterase activity (1200-1700 number of positive cells/4000 BMC), interferon-γ (1.

Sulfated polygalactofucan from triangular sea bell Turbinaria decurrens attenuates inflammatory cytokines on THP-1 human monocytic macrophages.

Inflammation is one of the most significant causes of several chronic diseases, which includes the expression of cytokines activating immune cells to up-regulate the inflammatory cascade. Polysaccharides from marine macroalgae are promising anti-inflammatory agents because of their potential to attenuate inflammatory cytokines. The triangular sea bell Turbinaria decurrens (Sargassaceae) among marine macroalgae is ubiquitous in oceanic waters, and a sulfated polygalactofucan SPTd-2 [→3-(α-L-fucp-(2-OSO)-(1 → 4)-α-L-fucp-(3-OAc)-(1 → 4)-β-D-galp-(1→] was purified from the species.

Apoptotic effect of sulfated galactofucan from marine macroalga Turbinaria ornata on hepatocellular and ductal carcinoma cells.

Tumor protein or cellular tumor antigen p53, is considered a critical transcriptional regulation factor, which can suppress the growth of tumor cells by activating other functional genes. The current study appraised the p53 activation pathways, which could be used as an alternative therapeutic strategy for the treatment of hepatocellular and ductal carcinoma. Algal polysaccharides have been used as emerging sources of bioactive natural pharmacophores.

Sulfated galactofucan from seaweed attenuates proteolytic enzyme dipeptidyl-peptidase-4: a potential anti-hyperglycemic lead.

Dipeptidyl-peptidase-4 is a multifunctional ectoenzyme, which is implicated with hyperglycemic pathophysiology. Therefore, dipeptidyl-peptidase-4 inhibitors could be used as an attractive therapeutic strategy in blood-glucose homeostasis to attenuate the pathophysiologies of diabetes. A sulfated galactofucan characterized as [→1)--4-sulfonato--fucopyranosyl-(2→1)--2-sulfonato--fucopyranose-(3→] along with a branch of [→1)-6--methyl--galactopyranosyl-(4→] unit at the C-4 position of -2-sulfonato--fucopyranose, isolated from the seaweed , exhibited prospective attenuation property against dipeptidyl-peptidase-4 (IC 0.

Spirornatas A-C from brown alga Turbinaria ornata: Anti-hypertensive spiroketals attenuate angiotensin-I converting enzyme.

Bioactive compounds with angiotensin-I converting enzyme attenuation potential are deemed as therapeutic agents for hypertension owing to their capacity to suppress the conversion of angiotensin-I into the vasoconstrictor angiotensin-II. In an aim to develop natural angiotensin-I converting enzyme (ACE-I) inhibitors from marine algae, three 6, 6-spiroketals, spirornatas A-C were isolated from the organic extract of the spiny brown marine macroalga Turbinaria ornata (Turner) (family Sargassaceae). Spirornata A exhibited comparatively greater ACE-I attenuation potential (IC 4.

Novel Furanyl-Substituted Isochromanyl Class of Anti-Inflammatory Turbinochromanone from Brown Seaweed Turbinaria conoides.

Organic extract of the brown seaweed Turbinaria conoides (Sargassaceae) was chromatographically fractionated to yield an undescribed furanyl-substituted isochromanyl metabolite, named as turbinochromanone, which was characterized as methyl 4-[(3S)-8-{[(3R)-4-ethyl-2,3-dihydrofuran-3-yl]methyl}-1-oxo-3,4-dihydro-1H-2-benzopyran-3-yl]butanoate. The isochromanyl derivative possessed comparable attenuation potential against 5-lipoxygenase (IC 3.70 μM) with standard 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor drug zileuton (IC 2.

Biomedical potential of β-chitosan from cuttlebone of cephalopods.

Polymeric β-chitosan allomorph characterized by parallel arrangement of linear polysaccharide comprised of β-(1 → 4)-linked-D-glucosamine and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine was isolated and characterized from the gladius of Indian Ocean Squid (Uroteuthis duvaucelii) and spineless cuttlefish (Sepiella inermis). The β-chitosan from U. duvaucelii displayed considerably greater attenuation potential against hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme-A reductase, dipeptidyl peptidase-4, I converting enzyme, and 5-lipoxygenase (IC 0.

Ulvapyrone, a pyrone-linked benzochromene from sea lettuce Linnaeus (family Ulvaceae): newly described anti-inflammatory agent attenuates arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase.

Green marine macroalgae, particularly , is an essential constituent of the cuisines in many Asian countries. The present work aims to separate a bioactive pyrone attached benzochromene analogue, named as ulvapyrone from the organic extract of , followed by its structural characterisation as 2-{(6a'-hydroxyethyl-4'-methyltetrahydro-2-pyran-2'-one)-6'-yl}-4-methyl-7-ethylacetate-8-hydroxy-7, 8-dihydrobenzo []chromene. Ulvapyrone exhibited prospective inhibition property against arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase (IC ∼1 mg mL) comparable to that demonstrated by ibuprofen (IC 0.

Polygalacto-fucopyranose biopolymer structured nanoparticle conjugate attenuates glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis: An in vivo study.

Naturally occurring polysaccharide-structured nanoparticles have developed as promising materials for treatment of bone health disorders. Silver nanoparticle (ST-Ag) structured from sulfated polygalacto-fucopyranose comprising of recurring structural entities of 2-SO-α-(1 → 3)-fucopyranose and 6-O-acetyl-β-(1 → 4)-galactopyranose isolated from marine macroalga Sargassum tenerrimum demonstrated potential activities associated with osteogenesis. Subsequent treatment with ST-Ag, activity of alkaline phosphatase (63 mU/mg) was raised in osteoblast stem cells (human mesenchymal, hMSC) than that in control (30 mU/mg).

Conoidecyclics A-C from marine macroalga Turbinaria conoides: Newly described natural macrolides with prospective bioactive properties.

Intertidal marine brown alga Turbinaria conoides (J.Agardh) Kützing (family Sargassaceae) is considered as one of the largely abundant species, available in the coastal zones of the Indian subcontinent. Bioactivity-guided chromatographic fractionation of the organic extract of T.

Difficidin class of polyketide antibiotics from marine macroalga-associated Bacillus as promising antibacterial agents.

A heterotrophoic Bacillus amyloliquefaciens MTCC12713 isolated from an intertidal macroalga Kappaphycus alverezii displayed promising antibacterial activities against multidrug-resistant bacteria. Genome mining of the bacterium predicted biosynthetic gene clusters coding for antibacterial secondary metabolites. Twenty-one membered macrocyclic lactones, identified as difficidin analogues bearing 6-hydroxy-8-propyl carboxylate, 9-methyl-19-propyl dicarboxylate, 6-methyl-9-propyl dicarboxylate-19-propanone, and (20-acetyl)-6-methyl-9-isopentyl dicarboxylate (compounds 1 through 4) functionalities were purified through bioassay-guided fractionation.

Marine Macroalgal Polygalactan-Built Nanoparticle Construct for Osteogenesis.

Naturally derived polysaccharide biopolymer-based nanoparticles with their size and drug release potentials have appeared as promising biomaterials for osteogenic differentiation. A metallic nanoparticle (GS-AgNP) prepared from a sulfated polygalactan characterized as →3)-2--methyl--6-sulfonato-β-d-galactopyranosyl-(1 → 4)-2--methyl-3,6-anhydro-α-d-galactopyranose-(1→ isolated from the marine macroalga exhibited a prospective osteogenic effect. Upon treatment with the studied GS-AgNP, alkaline phosphatase activity (88.

Anti-inflammatory xenicane-type diterpenoid from the intertidal brown seaweed .

Chemical analysis of the organic extract from intertidal brown seaweed (family Sargassaceae) characterised an undescribed xenicane-type diterpenoid sargilicixenicane, elucidated as 3-(17-hydroxy-14-methylhept-13-en-10-yl)-6-methylhexahydro-1-cyclonona[c]furan-4,19-diyl diacetate (compound 1). The studied compound exhibited prospective free radical quenching potential (IC 1.2-1.

First report of substituted 2pyranoids from brown seaweed with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities.

The organic extract of , a brown seaweed harvested from the Gulf of Manner region of Indian peninsular was chromatographically fractionated to yield three substituted 2pyranoids, namely methyl-2-yl-[5', 6'- dihydro-5'-yl-{5-(4-hydroxybenzoyl)-oxy-(5-methylbutyl)}-3'-methyl-2-pyran]-2-methyl butanoate (), 11-[(3', 6'-dihydro-4'-methyl-2'-oxo-2-pyran-3'-yl)methyl]-10-methylhexyl benzoate (), and [6-ethyl-3,4-dimethyl-(tetrahydro-2', 2', 6'-trimethyl-2-pyran-3'-yl)-2,5-cycloheptadiene]-1-propanoate (). The compounds and bearing 2-pyranyl-4-hydroxybenzoyl and 2-pyranyl-10-methylhexylbenzoate moieties exhibited potential antioxidant activities (IC 0.54-0.

Partially Acetylated or Benzoylated Arabinose Derivatives as Structurally Simple Organogelators: Effect of the Ester Protecting Group on Gel Properties.

Sugar-based low-molecular-weight gelators (LMWGs) have been used for various applications for a long time. Herein, structurally simple, ester-protected arabinosides are reported as low-molecular-weight organogelators (LMOGs) that are able to gel aromatic solvents, as well as petrol and diesel. Studies on the mechanical strength of the gels, through detailed rheological experiments, indicate that gels from the 1,2-dibenzoylated arabinose gelator possess better mechanical properties than those from the 1,2-diacetylated gelator.