Fetal vascular adaptation before and after treatment of severe maternal anemia in pregnancy.

Objectives: To use color Doppler ultrasonography indices to study the effects on fetal circulation of treating severe maternal anemia.

Methods: A prospective cohort study enrolled patients who were at 30-34weeks of pregnancy and had hemoglobin levels below 70g/L between November 1, 2011 and March 31, 2013 at a hospital in New Delhi, India. A control group consisting of patients with the same duration of pregnancy and with hemoglobin levels above 110g/L was included.

Is low dose vaginal misoprostol better than dinoprostone gel for induction of labor: a randomized controlled trial.

Objective: To compare the efficacy and safety profile of low dose vaginal misoprostol with dinoprostone gel for induction of labor in term pregnancies.

Methods: The study was conducted at Lady Hardinge Medical College and Smt Sucheta Kriplani Hospital on 100 pregnant women with term pregnancy after application of inclusion and exclusion criteria. The women were randomized in 2 groups of 50 women each.

Unusually High Levels of CA19-9 Associated with Mature Cystic Teratoma of the Ovary.

Introduction. Mature cystic teratoma is the benign tumor of the ovary. CA19-9 levels, although a marker of pancreatic malignancy, have been found to be raised in large ovarian mature cystic teratomas.

Health profile of urban adolescent girls from India.

Context: Adolescents comprise 22.5% of the population, which forms a significant part of the entire population. It is only recently that we have acknowledged the need for a separate specialty to handle adolescent problems and ailments.

MTHFR C677T polymorphism, folate, vitamin B12 and homocysteine in recurrent pregnancy losses: a case control study among North Indian women.

Aim: The present study attempts to understand the role of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C677T (MTHFR C677T) in recurrent pregnancy losses in North Indian women because of hyperhomocysteinemia in light of serum folate and vitamin B₁₂.

Methods: One hundred and seven women with three or more consecutive unexplained recurrent pregnancy losses and 343 women with two or more successful and uncomplicated pregnancies were recruited. Plasma homocysteine, serum folate and vitamin B₁₂ were analyzed using chemiluminescence.

Diabetic ketoacidosis occurring with lower blood glucose levels in pregnancy: a report of two cases.

Background: Euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) during pregnancy is an unusual condition, but it can occur with normal or modest elevations in blood glucose levels. It is usually a complication of type I diabetes.

Cases: We report two cases of euglycemic DKA, in type II diabetes mellitus and in gestational diabetes.

Intergenotypic variation of endothelial dysfunction and inflammatory markers in eclampsia.

Background: Cytokine imbalance and endothelial dysfunction are suggested to have a pivotal role in eclampsia. Pathophysiological processes are influenced by genetic factors and nitric oxide (NO) synthases seem to play important roles, although their role is still unclear. Endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) gene polymorphism may affect cytokine production.

Genetic thromobophilia in pregnancy: a case-control study among North Indian women.

In the present study, an attempt is made to understand the role of genetic thrombophilias i.e. MTHFR C677T and FVL in the causation of various pregnancy complications like pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH), recurrent abortions, intra-uterine growth retardation (IUGR) and intra-uterine death on the whole and also individually along with the comparative assessment of pathophysiological basis of various pregnancy complications via the genetic proximities.

Prenatal sonographic evaluation and postnatal outcome of renal anomalies.

Objective: To determine the prognosis of antenatally detected renal anomalies by sonographic evaluation.

Materials And Methods: This was a follow-up study of all antenatally detected renal anomalies from January 2008 to Dec 2009 referred to fetal medicine clinic. Prenatal evaluation was done and cases were divided into four groups depending upon their prenatal sonographic findings.

Coagulation inhibitors and activated protein C resistance in recurrent pregnancy losses in Indian women.

Background: Thrombophilias, both acquired and inherited, have been investigated in the etiopathogenesis of unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss.

Aim: To study coagulation inhibitors and activated protein C resistance (APCR) in recurrent pregnancy losses (RPL) occurring in second and third trimesters.

Materials And Methods: A total of 30 pregnant women (group A) with two or more recurrent unexplained fetal loses were evaluated for APCR, protein C deficiency, protein S deficiency, antithrombin deficiency, and antiphospholipid antibodies (APLA).

Pregnancy outcome of women with gestational diabetes in a tertiary level hospital of north India.

Background: Women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) pose an important public health problem because diabetes not only affects the maternal and fetal outcome, but these women and their fetuses are also at an increased risk of developing diabetes and related complications later in their life.

Objectives: The study was conducted to determine the maternal and fetal outcomes of 50 diabetic vs 50 normoglycemic pregnancies.

Materials And Methods: This was a retrospective analytical record-based study conducted in a tertiary level hospital.

Factors influencing occurrence of postpartum haemorrhage in pregnant women with hepatitis E infection and deranged coagulation profile.

Coagulopathy is an important complication associated with hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection in pregnant women. Postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) remains a serious risk while managing the labour of these women. The aim of this paper is to study the factors influencing the occurrence of PPH in pregnant women with hepatitis E infection with coagulopathy.

Prevalence, risk factors and virological profile of chronic hepatitis B virus infection in pregnant women in India.

A large program was conducted by the Government of India to study the prevalence and profile of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and its risk factors in pregnant women attending a tertiary care hospital in India. From September 2004 to December 2008 consecutive pregnant women attending the antenatal clinic were screened and those found positive for HBsAg were enrolled. Healthy non-pregnant women of child-bearing age, who presented for blood donation during the same period, served as controls.

Oxidative stress and eNOS (Glu298Asp) gene polymorphism in preeclampsia in Indian population.

Oxidative stress causing widespread endothelial dysfunction has been proposed as a key factor involved in the development of preeclampsia (PE). With this background our objective was to study oxidative stress biomarkers like nitric oxide and malondialdehyde (MDA) and to correlate these markers with endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) (Glu298Asp) gene polymorphism. This cross-sectional study included 300 pregnant women diagnosed with PE and 200 women with normal pregnancy.

Intergenotypic variation of nitric oxide and inflammatory markers in preeclampsia: a pilot study in a North Indian population.

Cytokines appeared to contribute to the development of pathologic condition and eNOS gene polymorphism may affect cytokine production. The aim of this study was to evaluate cytokines pattern in preeclampsia and whether there is any relationship between gene and cytokines production and cytokine with disease severity. This cross-sectional study included 100 women with preeclampsia and 100 healthy pregnant women.

Septate uterus with hypoplastic left adnexa with cervical duplication and longitudinal vaginal septum: Rare Mullerian anomaly.

A large analysis of all the studies in the period from 1950 to 2007 suggests that the prevalence of congenital uterine anomalies in the general population is 6.7%; and in the infertile population, 7.3%.

Role of endothelin and inflammatory cytokines in pre-eclampsia - A pilot North Indian study.

Problem: Pre-eclampsia is new onset hypertension during pregnancy with proteinuria. The initiating event in pre-eclampsia is postulated to involve reduced placental perfusion, which leads to widespread dysfunction of the maternal vascular endothelium. Cytokines also appear to contribute to the development of the pathological condition.

Labour induction with 25 micrograms versus 50 micrograms intravaginal misoprostol in full term pregnancies.

We undertook this study in order to compare the efficacy of 25 microg versus 50 microg of intravaginal misoprostol for cervical ripening and labour induction at term. The study population consisted of 120 women with term singleton pregnancies in vertex presentation booked for caesarean section. They had a Bishop scoring of <6 and a reactive fetal heart rate tracing.

Possible role of male factors in recurrent pregnancy loss.

To evaluate various causes possibly contributing towards recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL), particularly male factors. Prospective study of 75 couples with history of RPL who were investigated for genetic, anatomic, immunological, infective and systemic causes in both partners. Functional sperm capacity was assessed by the Hypo-osmotic swelling test (HOS), Acrosomal Reaction (AR), Nuclear condensation-decondensation test (NCD) and Seminal Total Leukocyte Count (TLC) along with semen analysis.

Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) gene polymorphism in pre-eclampsia: a pilot study in North India.

Background: Pre-eclampsia is one of the most frequent complications of pregnancy, however, little is known about its aetiology.

Aims: The objective of this study was to investigate the association between inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) genotypes and pre-eclampsia. We also measured the concentrations of tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), nitric oxide (NO) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in patients with pre-eclampsia to evaluate their relations to the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) observed.

Maternal and fetal outcomes in pregnant women with acute hepatitis E virus infection.

Background: Hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection is known to cause severe liver disease in pregnant women. It is unclear whether obstetric and fetal outcomes are worse in pregnant women with HEV infection than in women with other forms of viral hepatitis.

Objective: To compare maternal, obstetric, and fetal outcomes in pregnant women with acute viral hepatitis caused by HEV and other hepatitis viruses.

Prospective study of saline infusion sonohysterography in evaluation of perimenopausal and postmenopausal women with abnormal uterine bleeding.

Aim: To evaluate saline infusion sonohysterography as an investigative modality in abnormal uterine bleeding in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women.

Methods: Fifty-eight patients, 52 perimenopausal and six postmenopausal women, with abnormal uterine bleeding were selected from the department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Shrimati Sucheta Kriplani Hospital. After complete work-ups, transvaginal examinations were performed followed by sonohysterographies.