The prevention and improvement effects of vitamin D on type 2 diabetes mellitus: evidence from an umbrella review on Meta-analyses of cohort studies and randomized controlled trials.

Background: To clarify whether Vitamin D prevent the occurrence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and improve glucose control in T2DM patients, we conducted this umbrella review, taking into account the inconsistent results of existing Meta-analyses. We aim to reveal the causal relationship between Vitamin D and T2DM through summarizing Meta-analyses of observational studies, and clarify the improvement on glucose control in T2DM patients through summarizing Meta-analyses of RCT studies between Vitamin D supplementation and T2DM patients, especially in T2DM patients with Vitamin D deficiency.

Methods: We collected the Meta-analyses of observational studies and RCTs in PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane.

The Association Between Inflammatory Dietary Pattern and Risk of Cognitive Impairment Among Older Adults with Chronic Diseases and Its Multimorbidity: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: The present study aimed to explore the association between the inflammatory potential of diet, assessed by energy-adjusted dietary inflammatory index (E-DII) and reduced rank regression (RRR)-derived inflammatory dietary pattern, and the risk for cognitive impairment (CI) in community-dwelling older adults, especially in older adults with chronic diseases and multimorbidity.

Methods: A total of 549 older adults from Taiyuan city were included in the present cross-sectional study. The Chinese Version of the Mini-Mental State Examination (CMMSE) was used for the evaluation of cognitive function.

[Mechanism of tea polyphenols improving the sarcopenia in the aged type 2 diabetes model rats via mitochondrial quality control].

Objective: To explore whether tea polyphenols(TP) improve sarcopenia in the aged type 2 diabetes(T2DM)model rats via mitochondrial quality control(MQC).

Methods: A total of 55 2-month-old male SD rats were randomly divided into the control group(n=10), the aged model group(aged, n=10) and the aging T2DM model group(n=35). The aging T2DM model group rats were fed with high-sugar and high-fat diet and intraperitoneally injected with 50 mg/kg D-galactose daily.

Targeting microbiota-immune-synaptic plasticity to explore the effect of tea polyphenols on improving memory in the aged type 2 diabetic rat model.

Objectives: The study aimed to explore whether TP could improve memory in the aged type 2 diabetic rat model by regulating microbiota-immune-synaptic plasticity axis.

Methods: The experiment was divided into two parts. Firstly, to investigate the effects of TP on the physiopathology of the aged T2DM model rats, rats were randomly divided into the Normal control group, the aged group, the Aged T2DM model group, the TP 75, 150, 300 mg/kg groups, the 150 mg/kg Piracetam group and the 3 mg/kg Rosiglitazone group.

[Tea polyphenols improves depression-like behavior in aged type 2diabetes rats by regulating microglia polarization].

Objective: To investigate the effect of tea polyphenols(TP) on improving depression-like behavior in aged type 2 diabetes(T2DM) model rats.

Methods: A total of 40 8-week-old SD male rats were randomly divided into the control group(n=10) and the modeling group(n=30) according to the body weight. The rats in the modeling group were fed with high-glucose and high-fat diet and treated with 50 mg/kg D-galactose by intraperitoneal injection daily until the end of the experiment, while the rats in the control group were fed with the standard diet and treated with an equal volume of saline by intraperitoneal injection.

Targeting ERS-mitophagy in hippocampal neurons to explore the improvement of memory by tea polyphenols in aged type 2 diabetic rats.

Increasing evidence demonstrated that mitophagy and endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) was closely associated with memory decline in elderly type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Tea polyphenols (TP), an excellent natural antioxidant, has been reported to have neuroprotective properties in aging and diabetes, but the underlying mechanisms are still not fully understood. This study targets ERS-mitophagy in hippocampal neurons to investigate the improvement effect of memory in aged T2DM rats by TP.