CD4T and CD8T Cells in Uterus Exhibit Both Selective Dysfunction and Residency Signatures.

Unlike T cells in other tissues, uterine T cells must balance strong immune defense against pathogens with tolerance to semiallogeneic fetus. Our previous study fully elucidated the characteristics of T cells in nonpregnant uterus and the mechanism modulated by estrogen. However, comprehensive knowledge of the immunological properties of T (including CD4T cells and CD8T) cells in nonpregnancy uterus has not been acquired.

Tissue resident memory T cells are enriched and dysfunctional in effusion of patients with malignant tumor.

Most malignant effusion is secondary to metastases to the pleura or peritoneum and portend poor oncological outcomes. Malignant effusion has different tumor microenvironment from primary tumor, containing a variety of cytokines and immune cells and directly contacting with tumor cells. However, the characteristic of CD4 T cells and CD8 T cells in malignant effusion remains unclear.

Estrogen enhanced the expression of IL-17 by tissue-resident memory γδT cells from uterus via interferon regulatory factor 4.

Tissue-resident memory γδT cells at mucosal and epithelial sites play an important role for pathogen clearance, immunosurveillance, and participating in physiological processes. Different from other barrier sites, the immune cells in uterus face the protection against infections and tolerate an allogeneic fetus during a successful pregnancy. In the previous study, we found that tissue-resident memory γδT cells were enriched both in human and murine uterus and highly expressed IL-17 that promoted the invasion of trophocytes in vitro.

Antigen-Specific Tissue-Resident Memory T Cells in the Respiratory System Were Generated following Intranasal Vaccination of Mice with BCG.

Tissue-resident memory T cells (T) are different from effector memory T cells (T) and central memory T cells (T) and contribute to the protective immunity against local challenges. Currently, we found that CD4 and CD8 T cells in the nasal mucosa, trachea, lungs, and lavage fluids were heterogeneous on the expression of CD69 and CD103 as well as the production of cytokines including IFN-, IL-2, and TNF-. After intranasal vaccination of mice with BCG, respiratory tissues expressed higher levels of the chemokine CXCL16 and T cells expressed CXCR6 to CXCL16.

Tissue Resident Memory γδT Cells in Murine Uterus Expressed High Levels of IL-17 Promoting the Invasion of Trophocytes.

γδT cells are non-conventional T cells and serve as the bridge for connecting the innate and adaptive immune systems. γδT cells form a substantial population at barrier sites and play an important role in the development of physiology, inflammation, autoimmune diseases and tumors. γδT cells not only distribute in the maternal-fetal interface during pregnancy but also in non-pregnant uterus.

The phenotypic and functional study of tissue B cells in respiratory system provided important information for diseases and development of vaccines.

The field of tissue-resident B cells has received increasing attention, yet the feature of tissue B cells in respiratory system is unclear. Here, we first show that non-circulating B cells obtained from nasal, trachea and lung tissues are numerically and phenotypically distinct from their circulating counterparts. Analysis of single cell transcriptome sequence identified multiple differentially expressed genes between non-circulating B cells and circulating B cells, which illustrated their heterogeneity.