FTO-mediated SMAD2 m6A modification protects cartilage against Osteoarthritis.

N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification is one of the most prevalent forms of epigenetic modification and plays an important role in the development of degenerative diseases such as osteoarthritis (OA). However, the evidence concerning the role of m6A modification in OA is insufficient. Here, m6A modification was increased in human OA cartilage and degenerated chondrocytes.

Restrained Mitf-associated autophagy by Mulberroside A ameliorates osteoclastogenesis and counteracts OVX-Induced osteoporosis in mice.

Bone and mineral metabolism homeostasis accounts for the maintenance of normal skeletal remodeling. However, with aging and changes in hormone levels, over-activated osteoclasts disrupt homeostasis, induce osteoporosis, and even cause osteoporotic fractures, leading to an enormous economic burden. Despite the rapid development of pharmacological therapy for osteoporosis, safer and more effective treatments remain to be explored.

Metabolite asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) functions as a destabilization enhancer of SOX9 mediated by DDAH1 in osteoarthritis.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative disease with a series of metabolic changes accompanied by many altered enzymes. Here, we report that the down-regulated dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase-1 (DDAH1) is accompanied by increased asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) in degenerated chondrocytes and in OA samples. Global or chondrocyte-conditional knockout of ADMA hydrolase accelerated OA development in mice.

Correlation Analysis Between Basic Diseases and Subsequent Vertebral Fractures After Percutaneous Kyphoplasty (PKP) for Osteoporotic Vertebral Compression Fractures.

Background: Percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) is a widely accepted surgical treatment modality for painful osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures. The risk factors cause of subsequent vertebral fractures after PKP are debated.

Objectives: To evaluate risk factors for the occurrence of new vertebral compression fractures after PKP.

The PPAR-γ antagonist T007 inhibits RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis and counteracts OVX-induced bone loss in mice.

Background: Osteoclasts are key determinant cellular components implicated in the development and progression of disorders driven by bone damage. Herein, we studied the upshot of T007, an antagonist of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARγ), on osteoclastogenesis using cell and animal models.

Results: The in vitro assays revealed that T007 hindered the osteoclastogenesis caused by the treatment with the receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) through inhibiting the levels of PPARγ in cells.

Lycorine Induces Apoptosis and G1 Phase Arrest Through ROS/p38 MAPK Signaling Pathway in Human Osteosarcoma Cells In Vitro and In Vivo.

Study Design: Xenograft osteosarcoma mouse model.

Objective: We determined the effect of lycorine on osteosarcoma.

Summary Of Background Data: Osteosarcoma is an aggressive malignant neoplasm, is most prevalent in teenagers and adults and current treatment approaches have reached a survival plateau and attempts to improve osteosarcoma prognosis have proven unsuccessful.

The GLP-1 agonist, liraglutide, ameliorates inflammation through the activation of the PKA/CREB pathway in a rat model of knee osteoarthritis.

Background: Inflammation is a common pathological phenomenon of osteoarthritis (OA). Accumulated evidence indicates that ameliorating or suppressing inflammation might be a promising and effective therapeutic strategy for the treatment of OA. Notably, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1)-based drugs are being successfully used to control glucose levels in patients with diabetes mellitus.

The Novel p38 Inhibitor, Pamapimod, Inhibits Osteoclastogenesis and Counteracts Estrogen-Dependent Bone Loss in Mice.

Pamapimod (PAM) is a novel selective p38 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase inhibitor proved to be effective in rheumatoid arthritis in phase 2 clinical trial. However, its effect on osteoclast-associated osteoporosis and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we showed that PAM suppressed receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclast formation via inhibition of p38 phosphorylation and subsequent c-Fos and nuclear factor of activated T cells c1 (NFATc1) expression.

MicroRNA-543 promotes ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis through inhibition of AKT/p38 MAPK signaling pathway by targeting YAF2.

The present study aimed to determine the roles of miRNA-543 in osteoporosis in rats induced by ovariectomy. The osteoporosis rat model was established by ovariectomy induction. MiRNA-543 expression in osteoblasts was measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction.

New Levels of Vertebral Compression Fractures after Percutaneous Kyphoplasty: Retrospective Analysis of Styles and Risk Factors.

Background: The causes of subsequent vertebral fractures after kyphoplasty are debated. It is reported that most new vertebral fractures after kyphoplasty develop in adjacent vertebrae.

Objectives: We explored whether kyphoplasty increases the incidence of adjacent vertebral fractures and identified risk factors for new vertebral compression fractures (VCFs) after kyphoplasty.

Is unilateral kyphoplasty as effective and safe as bilateral kyphoplasties for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures? A meta-analysis.

Background: An osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture is a common condition in elderly people, especially women. The percutaneous kyphoplasty is an effective treatment for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures. Controversy remains regarding whether a unilateral or a bilateral approach is superior, and to our knowledge, there have been no large studies comparing these two approaches, therefore a meta-analysis synthesizing the data on this question is warranted.

Spontaneous epidural hematoma of thoracic spine presenting as Brown-Séquard syndrome: report of a case with review of the literature.

Background: Spontaneous spinal epidural hematoma (SSEH) is an uncommon clinical entity. It produces a severe neurological deficit and prompt decompression is usually the first choice of treatment. Brown-Séquard syndrome is commonly seen in the setting of spinal trauma or an extramedullary spinal neoplasm, but rarely caused by SSEH.

Percutaneous vertebroplasty versus balloon kyphoplasty for treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture: a meta-analysis of randomised and non-randomised controlled trials.

Purpose: There is still debate over whether vertebroplasty (VP) or kyphoplasty (KP) is superior for the treatment of osteoporosis vertebral compression fractures (VCFs). We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised and non-randomised controlled trials comparing VP with KP to reach a relatively conclusive answer.

Methods: We searched computerised databases comparing efficacy and safety of VP and KP in osteoporotic fractures.

Stronger expression of CHOP and caspase 12 in diabetic spinal cord injury rats.

Objectives: It is suggested that the injury-induced cell death of neurons within the spinal cord is related with endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. In this work, we explored that diabetes induce more severe spinal cord injury (SCI) and stronger ER stress in rats.

Methods: Forty-five Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups at random (the sham operation control group, SCI group and diabetic SCI group).

[Enhancement effect of caffeine on chemotherapy of osteosarcoma in Fischer 344/N rats].

Objective: To determine the enhancement effects of caffeine on chemotherapy of transplanted osteosarcoma in Fischer 344/N rats.

Methods: Osteosarcoma-bearing Fischer 344/N rats were treated with cisplatin 2.5 mg/kg (Group DDP), caffeine 90 mg/kg x 2 d (Group caffeine), and cisplatin 2.

[Cytotoxic effect of thermo-chemotherapy with cisplatin on osteosarcoma OS-732 cell line].

Objective: To observe the cytotoxic effect of thermo-chemotherapy with cisplatin on osteosarcoma OS-732 cell line and to explore its mechanism.

Methods: The osteosarcoma OS-732 cell line was treated with different temperature, cisplatin alone and 43 degrees C +cisplatin for 1 h, respectively and the in vitro cytotoxic effect was observed with MTT assay. The cell cycle and the apoptotic rate were analyzed with flow cytometry (FCM); the cellular apoptosis was observed also with electron microscope.

[Anterior instrumentation for the treatment of tuberculotic spinal deformity].

Objectives: To summarize the clinical results in the treatment of spinal tuberculosis with debridement, bone grafting and anterior fixation and to evaluate the safety and the value of this procedure.

Methods: From June 1997 to May 2001, 18 patients with spinal tuberculosis were treated using anterior debridement, autograft of bone and primary internal instrumentation. They were 8 men and 10 women, aged from 25 to 59 years (mean 41 years).