Prognostic and Predictive Value of a Modified Diagnostic Biopsy-Adapted Immunoscore in Patients with Rectal Cancer After Neoadjuvant Treatment: A Translational Study From the STELLAR Trial.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess the prognostic significance of the modified diagnostic biopsy-adapted immunoscore (mIS) in determining the outcomes for patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) in a neoadjuvant setting.

Methods And Materials: We included 181 patients with LARC from a single subcenter of a prospective study comparing total neoadjuvant therapy (TNT) based on short-course radiation therapy with long-term chemoradiation therapy (CRT). Tumor biopsies at baseline were stained for CD8+ and CD3+ T-cell densities.

The diagnostic value of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography in breast ductal abnormalities.

Background: Ductal lesions are an important, often overlooked, and poorly understood issue in breast imaging, which have a risk of underlying malignancy ranging from 5 to 23%. Ultrasonography (US), which has largely replaced galactography or ductography, has become an important imaging method to assess patients with ductal lesions. However, it is difficult to distinguish benign from malignant ductal abnormalities only by ultrasonography, most of which are recommended to be at least in subcategory 4A; these require biopsy according to the ACR BI-RADS®atlas 5th Edition-breast ultrasound.

Preoperative Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy Versus Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Locally Advanced Gastric Cancer: Phase II Randomized Study.

Objective: We evaluated and compared the efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NACRT) versus neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) for locally advanced gastric cancer (LAGC) in a single-center randomized phase II trial.

Methods: Patients with LAGC were enrolled and received either NACT or NACRT, followed by gastrectomy and adjuvant chemotherapy. The primary endpoint was an R0 resection rate.

Multicenter, Randomized, Phase III Trial of Short-Term Radiotherapy Plus Chemotherapy Versus Long-Term Chemoradiotherapy in Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer (STELLAR).

Purpose: To ascertain if preoperative short-term radiotherapy followed by chemotherapy is not inferior to a standard schedule of long-term chemoradiotherapy in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer.

Materials And Methods: Patients with distal or middle-third, clinical primary tumor stage 3-4 and/or regional lymph node-positive rectal cancer were randomly assigned (1:1) to short-term radiotherapy (25 Gy in five fractions over 1 week) followed by four cycles of chemotherapy (total neoadjuvant therapy [TNT]) or chemoradiotherapy (50 Gy in 25 fractions over 5 weeks, concurrently with capecitabine [chemoradiotherapy; CRT]). Total mesorectal excision was undertaken 6-8 weeks after preoperative treatment, with two additional cycles of CAPOX (intravenous oxaliplatin [130 mg/m, once a day] on day 1 and capecitabine [1,000 mg/m, twice a day] from days 1 to 14) in the TNT group and six cycles of CAPOX in the CRT group.

Classification and genetic counselling for a novel splicing mutation of the intron associated with Lynch syndrome in colorectal cancer.

Background: Lynch-syndrome-associated cancer is caused by germline pathogenic mutations in mismatch repair genes. The major challenge to Lynch-syndrome screening is the interpretation of variants found by diagnostic testing. This study aimed to classify the c.

Submucosal Enhancing Stripe as a Contrast Material-enhanced MRI-based Imaging Feature for the Differentiation of Stage T0-T1 from Early T2 Rectal Cancers.

Background Accurate differentiation of stage T0-T1 rectal tumors from stage T2 rectal tumors facilitates the selection of appropriate surgical treatment. MRI is a recommended technique for local staging, but its ability to distinguish T1 from T2 tumors is poor. Purpose To explore the value of a submucosal enhancing stripe (SES), an uninterrupted enhancing band between the rectal tumor and the muscular layer on contrast material-enhanced T1-weighted images, as a potential imaging feature to differentiate T0-T1 from T2 rectal tumors.

The role of cytology in endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration: A study of 813 cases focusing on diagnostic yield, an analysis of misdiagnosed cases and diagnostic accordance rate of cytological subtyping.

Background: Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) is a minimally invasive technique for cytological and histological diagnosis. The objective of this study was to explore the role of cytological diagnosis in EBUS-TBNAs.

Methods: Eight hundred and thirteen consecutive cases performed EBUS-TBNA with both cytological and histological diagnoses were retrospectively reviewed.

Evaluation of clinical significance of claudin 7 and construction of prognostic grading system for stage II colorectal cancer.

Background: Claudin 7 is often abnormally expressed in cancers and promotes the progression of some malignancies. However, the role of claudin 7 in stage II colorectal cancer (CRC) has not been studied.

Aim: To assess the expression and prognostic value of claudin 7 in stage II CRC.

B7-H3 immune checkpoint expression is a poor prognostic factor in colorectal carcinoma.

Although PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy has been used successfully in treating many cancers, metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) patients are not as responsive. B7-H3 is a promising target for immunotherapy and we found it to have the highest expression among B7-CD28 family members in CRC. Thus, the aim of the present study was to investigate B7-H3 expression in a large CRC cohort.

Characteristics of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography and strain elastography of locally advanced breast cancer.

Background: Locally advanced breast cancer (LABC) is one of the subgroups of invasive breast cancer. The treatment of LABC is neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) before surgery, which is different from the others. The study aimed to analyze and compare the characteristics of conventional ultrasound, contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) and strain elastography (SE) in LABC patients who have different treatment outcomes, and to provide help for LABC in the imaging diagnosis and clinic treatment.

Clinicopathological parameters predicting recurrence of pT1N0 esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Aim: To identify the clinicopathological characteristics of pT1N0 esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) that are associated with tumor recurrence.

Methods: We reviewed 216 pT1N0 thoracic ESCC cases who underwent esophagectomy and thoracoabdominal two-field lymphadenectomy without preoperative chemoradiotherapy. After excluding those cases with clinical follow-up recorded fewer than 3 mo and those who died within 3 mo of surgery, we included 199 cases in the current analysis.

The gene mutational discrepancies between primary and paired metastatic colorectal carcinoma detected by next-generation sequencing.

Purpose: To better understand the gene mutational status and heterogeneity between primary and metastatic CRC (mCRC) using a sensitive sequencing method.

Methods: The mutational status of EGFR, KRAS, NRAS, PIK3CA, ERBB2, BRAF, KIT, and PDGFRA was analyzed in 65 patients, with 147 samples of primary and paired live or lung metastatic CRC, using next-generation sequencing (NGS), quantitative RT-PCR (qPCR), and Sanger sequencing.

Results: Fifteen cases (15/22, 68.

Comparison of sonographic characteristics of primary thyroid lymphoma and anaplastic thyroid carcinoma.

Background: Although primary thyroid lymphoma (PTL) and anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) both account for a rare portion of the morbidity of all thyroid malignancies, the therapeutic methods and prognosis for these two diseases are different. The purpose of this study was to investigate the sonographic characteristics of PTL and ATC and to compare the sonographic findings of PTL and ATC.

Methods: The study included 42 patients with histopathologically proven PTL (n=27) and ATC (n=15).

Time-intensity curve parameters in rectal cancer measured using endorectal ultrasonography with sterile coupling gels filling the rectum: correlations with tumor angiogenesis and clinicopathological features.

The primary aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) imaging parameters and clinicopathological features of rectal carcinoma and assess their potential as new radiological prognostic predictors. A total of 66 rectal carcinoma patients were analyzed with the time-intensity curve of CEUS. The parameter arrival time (AT), time to peak enhancement (TTP), wash-in time (WIT), enhanced intensity (EI), and ascending slope (AS) were measured.

[Relationship between HPV-DNA status and p16 protein expression in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma and their clinical significance].

Objective: To investigate the relationship between HPV-DNA status and p16 protein expression in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and their clinical significance.

Methods: Sixty-six patients with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas treated in the Cancer Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences from Jan. 1999 to Dec.

[Detection of human papillomavirus in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma].

Objective: To investigate the infection rate and subtypes of human papilloma virus(HPV) in patients with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and analyze the clinicopathologic features of patients with or without HPV infection.

Methods: A total of 66 biopsy or surgical specimens of OSCC archived in the Pathology Department of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and the generic amplification products were detected by DNA enzyme immunoassay (DEIA) and typed by reverse hybridization line probe assay.

Results: HPV-DNA was detected in 11 (16.

Soft-tissue osteoma in the neck paravertebral space.

Osteoma is a rare, slow-growing benign neoplasm located primarily in the skeleton. Soft-tissue osteoma is exceedingly rare. We report a case of soft-tissue osteoma occurring in the neck paravertebral space in a 25-year-old man.

Ultrasound findings of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma: a review of 113 consecutive cases with histopathologic correlation.

Papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) is a malignant thyroid tumor of less than 1 cm in size. Ultrasound (US) is the preferred imaging modality for PTMC. This study retrospectively evaluated the US results from 113 consecutive cases of PTMC with 127 nodules and correlated the results with the histopathologic findings.

Efficacy of peripheral blood stem cell transplantation versus conventional chemotherapy on anaplastic large-cell lymphoma:a retrospective study of 64 patients from a single center.

Anaplastic large-cell lymphoma (ALCL) is characterized by frequently presenting adverse factors at diagnosis. Many groups believed aggressive treatment strategies such as autologous stem cell transplantation brought survival benefit for ALCL patients. However, few compared these approaches with conventional chemotherapy to validate their superiority.

R-CHOP regimen can significantly decrease the risk of disease relapse and progression in patients with non-germinal center B-cell subtype diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.

To further explore the role of rituximab when added to the CHOP-like regimen in the treatment of immunohistochemically defined non-germinal center B-cell subtype (non-GCB) diffuse large B-cell lymphoma(DLBCL), 159 newly diagnosed DLBCL patients were studied retrospectively based on the immunohistochemical evaluation of CD10, Bcl-6, MUM-1, and Bcl-2. Altogether, 110 patients underwent the CHOP-like regimen, and rituximab was added for the other 49 patients. Cox regression analysis showed that compared with the CHOP-like regimen, the rituximab-based regimen(R-CHOP regimen) significantly decreased the risk of disease relapse and progression in CD10-negative patients (P=0.

[Primary superficial small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of esophagus: clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical analysis of 15 cases].

Objective: To study the clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical features of primary superficial esophageal small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (ESCNC).

Methods: The clinical, pathologic and immunohistochemical features were retrospectively analyzed in 15 cases of superficial ESCNC. An immunohistochemical study for chromogranin A, neuron-specific enolase, synaptophysin, CD56, TTF-1, 34βE12, AE1/AE3, and CK10/13 was performed.

[Comparison of histopathologic changes and expression of biomarkers in breast carcinoma before and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy].

Objective: To investigate the relationship between the pathologic responses and histologic type, grade, the expression of ER, PR and HER2 and their changes in breast carcinoma before and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC).

Methods: Two-hundred and nine cases of breast cancer with NAC were analyzed and clinical, pathologic data were evaluated based on the Miller and Payne ( MP) grading system. The expression of ER, PR and HER2 in the cancers before and after NAC were detected by immunohistochemistry (MaxVision method).

[Expression of fascin and CK14 in different histological types of cancer and its differential diagnostic significance].

Objective: To investigate and analyze the expression of fascin and CK14 in multiple histological types of cancer and to explore the potential value of the two proteins as markers in diagnosis and differential diagnosis of various cancer types.

Methods: Tissue microarray containing esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), lung SCC, larynx SCC, uterine cervical SCC, SCC of external genital organs, lung adenocarcinoma, gastric adenocarcinoma, colorectal adenocarcinoma, heptocellular carcinoma, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, breast infiltrating ductal carcinoma, thyroid papillary carcinoma, uterine endometrioid adenocarcinoma, ovarian serous adenocarcinoma and renal clear cell carcinoma, 30 cases each, as well as corresponding normal controls was constructed. The expression of fascin and CK14 among different types of carcinoma and corresponding normal controls was detected by immunohistochemistry.