Conference 2024: Building an innovative scientific research ecosystem for microbiome and One Health.

The Conference 2024 provides a platform to promote the development of an innovative scientific research ecosystem for microbiome and One Health. The four key components - Technology, Research (Biology), Academic journals, and Social media - form a synergistic ecosystem. Advanced technologies drive biological research, which generates novel insights that are disseminated through academic journals.

sp. nov. and sp. nov., two species isolated from fermentation cellar-producing sauce-flavour Chinese baijiu.

is an important microbial component in pit mud due to its ability to produce alcohol and short-chain fatty acids. This study presents the characterization and taxonomy of two Gram-stain-positive, strictly anaerobic, rod-shaped mesophilic bacterial strains, designated MT-113 and MT-5, isolated from pit mud in a fermentation cellar used for producing sauce-flavour Chinese baijiu. Phylogenetic analysis based on genome and 16S rRNA gene sequences of strains MT-113 and MT-5 indicates their affiliation with the genus (Cluster I of the Clostridia), with FW431 and WLY-B-L2 as the closest related species.

The rheumatoid arthritis gut microbial biobank reveals core microbial species that associate and effect on host inflammation and autoimmune responses.

Gut microbiota dysbiosis has been implicated in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and influences disease progression. Although molecular and culture-independent studies revealed RA patients harbored a core microbiome and had characteristic bacterial species, the lack of cultured bacterial strains had limited investigations on their functions. This study aimed to establish an RA-originated gut microbial biobank (RAGMB) that covers and further to correlates and validates core microbial species on clinically used and diagnostic inflammation and immune indices.

The Ambiguous Correlation of with Obesity: A Systematic Review.

Obesity is a complex and multifactorial disease with global epidemic proportions, posing significant health and economic challenges. Whilst diet and lifestyle are well-established contributors to the pathogenesis, the gut microbiota's role in obesity development is increasingly recognized. , as one of the major intestinal bacteria of the Firmicutes phylum, is reported with both potential probiotic properties and causal factors for obesity in different studies, making its role controversial.

Deep insights into the assembly mechanisms, co-occurrence patterns, and functional roles of microbial community in wastewater treatment plants.

The understanding of activated sludge microbial status and roles is imperative for improving and enhancing the performance of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). In this study, we conducted a deep analysis of activated sludge microbial communities across five compartments (inflow, effluent, and aerobic, anoxic, anaerobic tanks) over temporal scales, employing high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA amplicons and metagenome data. Clearly discernible seasonal patterns, exhibiting cyclic variations, were observed in microbial diversity, assembly, co-occurrence network, and metabolic functions.

Heterotrophic nitrification by Alcaligenes faecalis links organic and inorganic nitrogen metabolism.

Heterotrophic nitrification remains a mystery for decades. It has been commonly hypothesized that heterotrophic nitrifiers oxidize ammonia to hydroxylamine and then to nitrite in a way similar to autotrophic AOA and AOB. Recently, heterotrophic nitrifiers from Alcaligenes were found to oxidize ammonia to hydroxylamine and then to N2 ("dirammox", direct ammonia oxidation) by the gene cluster dnfABC with a yet-to-be-reported mechanism.

Advancements in prokaryotic systematics and the role of Bergey's International Society for Microbial Systematicsin addressing challenges in the meta-data era.

Prokaryotes are ubiquitous in the biosphere, important for human health and drive diverse biological and environmental processes. Systematics of prokaryotes, whose origins can be traced to the discovery of microorganisms in the 17th century, has transitioned from a phenotype-based classification to a more comprehensive polyphasic taxonomy and eventually to the current genome-based taxonomic approach. This transition aligns with a foundational shift from studies focused on phenotypic traits that have limited comparative value to those using genome sequences.

sp. nov., sp. nov. and sp. nov. three novel species of the family isolated from caecal contents of C57BL/6J mice.

The intestines of mice are colonized by diverse, as-yet-uncultivated bacteria. In this report, we describe the isolation, culture, genotypic and phenotypic characterization, as well as taxonomic classification of three novel anaerobic bacterial strains derived from the caecal contents of C57BL/6J male mice. According to the phenotypic and genotype-based polyphasic taxonomy, we propose three novel species within the family .

Dirammox-dominated microbial community for biological nitrogen removal from wastewater.

Direct ammonia oxidation (Dirammox) might be of great significance to advance the innovation of biological nitrogen removal process in wastewater treatment systems. However, it remains unknown whether Dirammox bacteria can be selectively enriched in activated sludge. In this study, a lab-scale bioreactor was established and operated for 2 months to treat synthetic wastewater with hydroxylamine as a selection pressure.

ChatGPT and generative AI are revolutionizing the scientific community: A Janus-faced conundrum.

The advent of generative artificial intelligence (AI) technologies marks a transformative moment for the scientific sphere, unlocking novel avenues to elevate scientific writing's efficiency and quality, expedite insight discovery, and enhance code development processes. Essential to leveraging these advancements is prompt engineering, a method that enhances AI interaction efficiency and quality. Despite its benefits, effective application requires blending researchers' expertise with AI, avoiding overreliance.

Sphingobium sp. SJ10-10 encodes a not-yet-reported chromate reductase and the classical Rieske dioxygenases to simultaneously degrade PAH and reduce chromate.

Both polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and heavy metals persist in the environment and are toxic to organisms. Their co-occurrence makes any of them difficult to remove during bioremediation and poses challenges to environmental management and public health. Microorganisms capable of effectively degrading PAHs and detoxifying heavy metals concurrently are required to improve the bioremediation process.

sp. nov., an acidophilic sulphur-oxidizing chemolithotroph isolated from acid mine drainage sediment.

Strain S30A2, isolated from the acid mine drainage sediment of Mengzi Copper Mine, Yunnan, is proposed to represent a novel species of the sulphur-oxidizing genus . Cells were Gram-stain-negative, non-endospore forming, highly motile with one or two monopolar flagella and rod-shaped. The strain was mesophilic, growing at 30-50 °C (optimum, 38 °C), acidophilic, growing at pH 2.

sp. nov., a butyrate-producing bacterium isolated from faeces of a healthy human.

An oval to rod-shaped, Gram-stain-positive, strictly anaerobic bacterium, designated LFL-14, was isolated from the faeces of a healthy Chinese woman. Cells of the strain were non-spore-forming, grew optimally at 37 °C (growth range 30-45 °C) and pH 7.0 (growth range 6.

Christensenella strain resources, genomic/metabolomic profiling, and association with host at species level.

The gut commensal bacteria species are negatively associated with many metabolic diseases, and have been seen as promising next-generation probiotics. However, the cultured strain resources were limited, and their beneficial mechanisms for improving metabolic diseases have yet to be explored. In this study, we developed a method that enabled the enrichment and cultivation of strains from fecal samples.

gen. nov. sp. nov., sp. nov. and gen. nov. sp. nov., isolated from human faeces.

Three Gram-positive, obligately anaerobic bacterial strains, namely CSJ-1, CSJ-3, and CSJ-4, were isolated from faeces of healthy persons. They were characterized through a combination of whole-genome sequencing, phenotypic traits, and metabolomic analysis. The genome sizes of CSJ-1, CSJ-4, and CSJ-3 were 3.

Gut microbial interactions based on network construction and bacterial pairwise cultivation.

Association networks are widely applied for the prediction of bacterial interactions in studies of human gut microbiomes. However, the experimental validation of the predicted interactions is challenging due to the complexity of gut microbiomes and the limited number of cultivated bacteria. In this study, we addressed this challenge by integrating in vitro time series network (TSN) associations and co-cultivation of TSN taxon pairs.

Paraflavitalea pollutisoli sp. nov., Pollutibacter soli gen. nov. sp. nov., Polluticoccus soli gen. nov. sp. nov., and Terrimonas pollutisoli sp. nov., four new members of the family Chitinophagaceae from polluted soil.

A taxonomic investigation was conducted on four bacterial strains isolated from soil contaminated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and heavy metals. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that these strains belonged to the family Chitinophagaceae. Examination of the 16S rRNA genes indicated that their sequence identities were below 97.

, a butyrate-producing bacterium capable of metabolizing 5-fluorouracil.

Unlabelled: () is a dominant species in the human gut microbiota and considered a beneficial bacterium for producing probiotic butyrate. However, recent studies have suggested that may negatively affect the host through synthesizing fatty acid and metabolizing the anticancer drug 5-fluorouracil, indicating that the impact of is complex and unclear. Therefore, comprehensive genomic studies on need to be performed.

Xiashengella succiniciproducens gen. nov., sp. nov., a succinate-producing bacterium isolated from an anaerobic digestion tank in the family Marinilabiliaceae of the order Bacteroidales.

A strictly anaerobic, motile bacterium, designated as strain Ai-910, was isolated from the sludge of an anaerobic digestion tank in China. Cells were Gram-stain-negative rods. Optimal growth was observed at 38 °C (growth range 25-42 °C), pH 8.

interacts with multiple gut bacteria.

Introduction: Gut microbes form complex networks that significantly influence host health and disease treatment. Interventions with the probiotic bacteria on the gut microbiota have been demonstrated to improve host well-being. As a representative of next-generation probiotics, () plays a critical role in regulating energy balance and metabolic homeostasis in human bodies, showing potential in treating metabolic disorders and reducing inflammation.

Gut commensal Christensenella minuta modulates host metabolism via acylated secondary bile acids.

A strong correlation between gut microbes and host health has been observed in numerous gut metagenomic cohort studies. However, the underlying mechanisms governing host-microbe interactions in the gut remain largely unknown. Here we report that the gut commensal Christensenella minuta modulates host metabolism by generating a previously undescribed class of secondary bile acids with 3-O-acylation substitution that inhibit the intestinal farnesoid X receptor.