Assessing the Use of Probes and Quenchers for Understanding the Reactive Species in Advanced Oxidation Processes.

Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) are increasingly applied in water and wastewater treatment. Understanding the role of reactive species using probes and quenchers is one of the main requirements for good process design. However, much fundamental kinetic data for the reactions of probes and quenchers with reactive species is lacking, probably leading to inappropriate probe and quencher selection and dosing.

UV/chlorine treatment of carbamazepine: Transformation products and their formation kinetics.

Carbamazepine (CBZ) is one of the pharmaceuticals most frequently detected in the aqueous environment. This study investigated the transformation products when CBZ is degraded by chlorine under ultraviolet (UV) irradiation (the UV/chlorine process). Detailed pathways for the degradation of CBZ were elucidated using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC)-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (QTOF-MS).

Parallel microscope-based fluorescence, absorbance and time-of-flight mass spectrometry detection for high performance liquid chromatography and determination of glucosamine in urine.

A parallel microscope-based laser-induced fluorescence (LIF), ultraviolet-visible absorbance (UV) and time-of-flight mass spectrometry (TOF-MS) detection for high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was achieved and used to determine glucosamine in urines. First, a reliable and convenient LIF detection was developed based on an inverted microscope and corresponding modulations. Parallel HPLC-LIF/UV/TOF-MS detection was developed by the combination of preceding Microscope-based LIF detection and HPLC coupled with UV and TOF-MS.

Experimental and theoretical studies of the products of addition-elimination reactions between benzil dihydrazone and three isomeric chlorobenzaldehydes.

A series of mono- and di-Schiff bases formed between benzil dihydrazone {BDH; systematic name: (1Z)-[(2E)-2-hydrazinylidene-1,2-diphenylethylidene]hydrazine} and three isomeric chlorobenzaldehydes were designed and synthesized to be used as model compounds to help to explain the reaction mechanisms for the formation of Schiff bases. These compounds are 1-(2-chlorobenzylidene)-2-{2-[2-(2-chlorobenzylidene)hydrazin-1-ylidene]-1,2-diphenylethylidene}hydrazine (BDHOCB), and the 3-chloro (BDHMCB) and 4-chloro (BDHPCB) analogues, all having the formula C28H20Cl2N4. Surprisingly, only di-Schiff bases were obtained; our attempts to push the reaction in favour of the mono-Schiff bases all failed.

[Association between methylthioadenosine phosphorylase gene single nucleotide polymorphisms and myocardial infarction in Chinese Han ethnicity].

Objective: To investigate the association between methylthioadenosine phosphorylase (MTAP) gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) and myocardial infarction (MI) in the Chinese Han ethnicity.

Methods: 432 patients suffered from myocardial infarction and 430 controls were involved for case and control groups, respectively. Nine tag SNPs in MTAP gene were selected and genotyped.