Photoredox Site-Selective C(sp)-H Alkylation of 1-(-Iodoaryl)-alkan-1-ones with Activated Alkenes Enabled by Hydrogen Atom Transfer.

A visible-light-mediated photoredox catalysis for β-C(sp)-H alkylation of 1-(-iodoaryl)alkan-1-ones with alkenes via 1,5-hydrogen atom transfer and alkene alkylarylation to produce diverse β-alkyl arylalkanones containing a quaternary carbon center is presented. This method is applicable to a wide range of 1-(-iodoaryl)alkan-1-ones and activated alkenes. Mechanistic studies suggest that the reaction involves a radical process.

Role of oxidative balance score in staging and mortality risk of cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome: Insights from traditional and machine learning approaches.

Objectives: To evaluate the roles of oxidative balance score (OBS) in staging and mortality risk of cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome (CKM).

Methods: Data of this study were from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2018. We performed cross-sectional analyses using multinomial logistic regression to investigate the relationship between OBS and CKM staging.

LncRNA GAS5 Regulates Myometrial cells Contractions In a m6A-Dependent Manner.

Background: LncRNAs are engaged in signaling pathways in human physiological and pathological states. However, LncRNAs mediate the onset of human labor still remains unknown.

Methods: RNA sequencing of lower segment myometrium (in labor vs.

Characterizing amino compounds in indoor poultry farms: air quality and its impact on workers and chickens in Canadian egg farms.

Indoor air pollution is a common problem in poultry and many livestock facilities. Small airborne amino chemicals (AACs), such as ammonia and short-chain amines, are common air pollutants in poultry farms. An elevated concentration of AACs can reduce the indoor air quality (IAQ) of the farm, affecting the production of chicken eggs, the welfare of the animals, and the occupational health of producers.

Harnessing Greater Statistical Power: Comprehensive Evaluation of Disease Modifying Treatment Effects Across All or Multiple Post-Baseline Visits Compared to the Last Visit for Alzheimer's Disease Clinical Trials.

Background: In Alzheimer's disease (AD) clinical trials, efficacy inference is traditionally based on the last visit (e.g., 18 months).

Association of temporal self-regulation theory and its constructs with eating behavior: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Temporal Self-Regulation theory (TST) aims to address the intention-behavior gap; however, its applicability to eating behavior remains insufficiently validated. The objective of this review was to assess whether the constructs of TST are associated with eating behavior. A comprehensive literature review was conducted in December 2024, utilizing the databases Web of Science, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and EMBASE.

Dynamic Monitoring of Circulating Tumor DNA to Predict the Risk of Non In Situ Recurrence of Postoperative Glioma: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Background: Glioma recurrence can be divided into in situ recurrence and non-in situ recurrence, and the mutation evolution of gliomas with different recurrence patterns is still unknown. We used sequential sequencing of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) to compare the somatic mutation profile and clonal evolution of gliomas with different recurrence patterns. To investigate the value of ctDNA in predicting early postoperative tumor recurrence and guiding prognosis stratification in patients with glioma.

Neural-network-based practical specified-time resilient formation maneuver control for second-order nonlinear multi-robot systems under FDI attacks.

This paper presents a specified-time resilient formation maneuver control approach for second-order nonlinear multi-robot systems under false data injection (FDI) attacks, incorporating an offline neural network. Building on existing works in integrated distributed localization and specified-time formation maneuver, the proposed approach introduces a hierarchical topology framework based on (d+1)-reachability theory to achieve downward decoupling, ensuring that each robot in a given layer remains unaffected by attacks on lower-layer robots. The framework enhances resilience by restricting the flow of follower information to the current and previous layers and the leader, thereby improving distributed relative localization accuracy.

Targeting Ferroptosis: Acteoside as a Neuroprotective Agent in Salsolinol-Induced Parkinson's Disease Models.

Background: Salsolinol (SAL) is a dopamine metabolite and endogenous neurotoxin that exerts neurotoxicity to dopaminergic neurons and is involved in the genesis of Parkinson's disease (PD). However, the machinery underlying SAL-induced neurotoxicity in PD is still being elucidated.

Methods: In the present study, we first used RNA-seq and KEGG analysis to examine differentially expressed genes in SAL-challenged SH-SY5Y cells.

Prediction Models for Intraoperative Acquired Pressure Injury of Adults: A Systematic Review and Critical Appraisal.

Postoperative Pressure Injuries (PIs) present unique risks, requiring dedicated research for accurate assessment. Despite the increasing number of Intraoperative Acquired Pressure Injury (IAPI) prediction models, their risk of bias and clinical applicability remains unclear. Adhered to the 2020 Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement requirements, IAPI prediction models of adult inpatients (≥18 years) were systematically retrieved from eight databases.

Sex determination based on features of the craniofacial bones in a sample of the central Chinese population using cone beam computed tomography.

Unlabelled: Accurate determination of sex from the skeletal remains of unidentified individuals is challenging in forensic practice. The bone standards for sex determination are population and generation specific. The present study investigated the potential utility of the craniofacial bones as an indicator of sex in a contemporary sample of the central Chinese population.

A μGal MOEMS gravimeter designed with free-form anti-springs.

Gravimeter measures gravitational acceleration, which is valuable for geophysical applications such as hazard forecasting and prospecting. Gravimeters have historically been large and expensive instruments. Micro-Electro-Mechanical-System gravimeters feature small size and low cost through scaling and integration, which may allow large-scale deployment.

Liposome-Enabled Nanomaterials for Muscle Regeneration.

Muscle regeneration is a vital biological process that is crucial for maintaining muscle function and integrity, particularly for the treatment of muscle diseases such as sarcopenia and muscular dystrophy. Generally, muscular tissues can self-repair and regenerate under various conditions, including acute or chronic injuries, aging, and genetic mutation. However, regeneration becomes challenging beyond a certain threshold, particularly in severe muscle injuries or progressive diseases.

cGAS-STING targeting offers novel therapeutic opportunities in neurological diseases.

Cyclic guanosine monophosphate (GMP)-adenosine monophosphate (AMP) (cGAMP) synthase (cGAS) is a cytosolic DNA sensor that produces the secondary messenger cGAMP. cGAMP activates the endoplasmic reticulum-associated adaptor stimulator of interferon genes (STING) and activates the innate immune system to produce a type I interferon response. Besides sensing microbial DNA, cGAS can also be activated by self-DNA or endogenous DNA, including that derived from genotoxic extranuclear chromatin and mitochondrially released DNA, indicating that cGAS-STING is an important mechanism in sterile inflammatory responses, autoimmunity, and cellular senescence.

Efficacy and safety of tetracycline vs. amoxicillin in furazolidone-based rescue therapy for : a real-world analysis.

Background And Aim: Despite the increasing rates of antibiotic resistance, furazolidone-based regimens have demonstrated promise in eradication. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the comparative efficacy and safety of tetracycline versus amoxicillin in furazolidone-based quadruple therapy [bismuth quadruple therapy with furazolidone and tetracycline (BQFT) vs. bismuth quadruple therapy with furazolidone and amoxicillin (BQFA)] in rescue treatments.

Biogenesis of stress granules and their role in the regulation of stress-induced male reproduction disorders.

Stress granules (SGs) are conserved messenger ribonucleoprotein (mRNP) granules that form through rapid coalescence in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells under stressful environments. These dynamic membrane-free organelles can respond to a variety of both intracellular and extracellular stressors. Studies have shown that stress conditions such as heat stress, arsenite exposure, and hypoxic stress can induce SGs formation.

Molecular mechanisms of lung injury from ultra high and conventional dose rate pulsed radiation based on 4D DIA proteomics study.

To investigate the mechanism of ultra-high dose rate pulsed radiation in radiation-induced lung injury (RILI), providing an experimental and theoretical basis for the application of FLASH-RT (FLASH-radiotherapy) in radiotherapy. C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into three groups: a sham group, a FLASH-irradiated group, and a CONV-irradiated group. A whole-body irradiation with a single dose of 3 Gy (200 Gy/s for FLASH group and 0.

The impact of MTHFR and VDR polymorphisms on endometriosis susceptibility: Insights from a systematic review and meta-analysis.

The VDR and MTHFR polymorphisms have been linked to many gynecological and obstetrical diseases. However, there is still a pressing need for a systematic review and meta-analysis to synthesize the current evidence on the association between these variants and endometriosis risk. English and Chinese literature databases were systematically retrieved to find relevant research published up to August 1, 2024.

Antibiotic resistance and molecular typing of duck-derived Escherichia coli isolates.

Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) causes severe economic losses in duck farms through complex, frequent infections and secondary infections. In this study, 73 suspected E. coli strains were isolated from diseased ducks of three provinces in China during 2019-2020, and identified using polymerase chain reaction.

Changes in sensory and motor neurons populations following LPC-induced sciatic nerve demyelination in rats: A study using CTB retrograde tracing.

Numerous studies have reported changes in sensory and motor neurons following nerve injury. However, the alterations in the number and subtypes of these neurons after peripheral nerve demyelination remain unclear. This study examined the sciatic nerve's sensory and motor functions and demyelination status in rats at days 0, 7, 14, and 28 post-lysolecithin (LPC) injection.

Sociodemographic predictors of flourishing among community older adults in China.

Objective: With China becoming a rapidly aging society, the mental health of older adults has become an urgent concern. Past research on mental health assessment has primarily focused on psychopathological aspects such as depression or anxiety. In recent years, however, scholars in positive psychology have suggested that this may ignore the impact of individuals' positive psychological qualities, such as well-being.

Causal Association Between Skin Microbiota and Malignant Melanoma: Genetic Insights From Mendelian Randomization.

Background: Malignant melanoma (MM) is an extremely aggressive type of skin cancer that represents a major risk to human health. Earlier observational research has indicated that skin microbiota could play a role in the development and advancement of MM. Nevertheless, the causal link between skin microbiota and MM is still unclear.

Nanocrystals with Aggregate Anionic Structure Enable Ion Transport Decoupling of Chain Segment Movement in Poly(ethylene oxide) Electrolytes.

All-solid-state polymer electrolytes are promising for lithium batteries, but Li transport in these electrolytes relies on amorphous chain segment movement, leading to low Li mobility and poor mechanical strength. Here we propose a novel Li transport mechanism mediated by PEO:LiBF nanocrystals (NCPB) with the aggregate (AGG) anionic structure, which enables a change from amorphous to crystalline phase dominated ion transport in all-solid-state PEO/LiBF electrolyte. Experiments and simulations reveal that the interaction between Li and F in NCPB with AGG anionic structure simultaneously restricts anion transport and reorients anions within the free volume of NCPB, resulting in a three-coordination intermediate to facilitate Li transport.

pH- and glucose-responsive antioxidant hydrogel promotes diabetic wound healing.

Excessive oxidative stress and persistent inflammation are key factors contributing to the formation of diabetic chronic wounds. Delivering antioxidants through a microenvironment-responsive hydrogel system can effectively enhance wound healing and tissue regeneration. In this study, we developed a novel pH- and glucose-responsive hydrogel using Schiff base reaction and phenyl borate group for intelligent antioxidant release.

Danggui niantong decoction attenuates synovial fibrosis through regulating PI3k/AKT signaling pathway.

Ethnopharmacological Relevancy: Danggui Niantong Decoction (DGNTD) is a traditional Chinese medicine compound formula that has been demonstrated to possess efficacy in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA), as well as for dispelling moisture and relieving pain. As mentioned before, DGNTD is essential for synovial inflammation in RA. The primary features of the OA synovial membrane are low-grade inflammation, hyperplasia with enhanced fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) proliferation, and fibrosis, which can cause pain and stiffness.