Aberrant brain structural-functional coupling and structural/functional network topology explain developmental delays in pediatric Prader-Willi syndrome.

Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by dysplasia in early life. Psychoradiology studies have suggested that mental and behavioral deficits in individuals with PWS are linked to abnormalities in brain structural and functional networks. However, little is known about changes in network-based structural-functional coupling and structural/functional topological properties and their correlations with developmental scales in children with PWS.

Alterations in the white matter fiber tracts of preschool-aged children with autism spectrum disorder: an automated fiber quantification study.

Background: Little is known about the precise impaired patterns of white matter (WM) fiber tracts in preschool-aged children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Thus, we used diffusion tensor imaging (DTI)-based automated fiber quantification (AFQ) to explore the changes in WM fiber tracts in preschool-aged children with ASD and its correlation with the severity of clinical manifestations.

Methods: A total of 43 pediatric ASD and 42 age- and sex-matched typical developing children were examined with DTI.

IgD-CD38br lymphocyte affect myocardial infarction by regulating the glycerol to palmitoylcarnitine (C16) ratio: A Mendelian randomization study.

Myocardial infarction, a type of coronary artery disease, results from various factors such as genetic predisposition, lifestyle choices, and immune system regulation. The exact causal links between immune cells, plasma metabolites, and myocardial infarction are currently unclear. Therefore, our study employed the Mendelian randomization approach to explore these potential causal relationships.

Revealing the core active pharmaceutical ingredients and targets of Jie-gu capsules for fracture treatment through network pharmacology and mendelian randomization.

Jie-gu capsules are widely used for the treatment of fractures in China. However, the core active pharmaceutical ingredients of Jie-gu capsules and the potential mechanisms for treating fractures remain unclear. This study aims to preliminarily elucidate the potential mechanisms of Jie-gu capsules in the treatment of fractures through network pharmacology and mendelian randomization methods.

Enhanced frame synchronization and carrier recovery in coherent FSO communication: a pseudo-random and cyclic QPSK approach.

To alleviate the impact of atmospheric turbulence on receiver carrier recovery in free-space optical communication, this study introduces a novel frame synchronization and carrier recovery method. This method employs a blend of pseudorandom sequences and specific cyclic quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) training sequences, facilitating frame synchronization and frequency offset (FO) estimation. The research designs a time-series metric curve to counteract the effect of side peaks, enhancing the accuracy of frequency offset estimation via QPSK spectrum features.

Mechanism study of serum extracellular nano-vesicles miR-412-3p targeting regulation of TEAD1 in promoting malignant biological behavior of sub-centimeter lung nodules.

Objective: To investigate the impact and potential mechanisms of serum extracellular nano-vesicles (sEVs) miR-412-3p released from sub-centimeter lung nodules with a diameter of ⩽ 10 mm on the malignant biological function of micro-nodular lung cancer (mnLC).

Methods: A total of 87 participants were included and divided into a mnLC group (n= 30), a benign lung nodule (BLN) group (n= 27), and a healthy people control group (n= 30). Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA) and Western blot (WB) were used to measure the morphological characteristics and surface markers of sEVs.

Towards efficient and accurate prediction of freeway accident severity using two-level fuzzy comprehensive evaluation.

Accurately predicting freeway accident severity is crucial for accident prevention, road safety, and emergency rescue services in intelligent freeway systems. However, current research lacks the required precision, hindering the effective implementation of freeway rescue. In this paper, we efficiently address this challenge by categorizing influencing factors into two levels: human and non-human, further subdivided into 6 and 36 categories, respectively.

Target engagement and immunogenicity of an active immunotherapeutic targeting pathological α-synuclein: a phase 1 placebo-controlled trial.

Investigational therapeutics that target toxic species of α-synuclein (αSyn) aim to slow down or halt disease progression in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). Here this 44-week, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, single-center phase 1 study investigated safety, tolerability and immunogenicity of UB-312, an active immunotherapeutic targeting pathological αSyn, in patients with PD. The primary outcome measures were adverse event frequency and change in anti-αSyn antibody titers in blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).

Role of long non-coding RNA TCONS_02443383 in regulating cell adhesion and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) signaling genes in atherosclerosis: A New Zealand white rabbit model study.

Objective: In this study, we performed RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) on the abdominal aorta tissue of New Zealand rabbits and investigated the potential association of lncRNA TCONS_02443383 with the development of AS through bioinformatics analysis of the sequencing data. The obtained results were further validated using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR).

Method: We induced an AS model in New Zealand rabbits by causing balloon injury to the abdominal aorta vascular wall and administering a high-fat diet.

Alterations of brain structural and functional connectivity networks topology and decoupling in pediatric myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease.

Objective: To investigate the alteration in structural and functional connectivity networks (SCN and FCN) as well as their coupling in pediatric myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD), and determine if these properties could serve as potential biomarkers for the disease.

Materials And Methods: In total of 32 children with MOGAD and 30 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HC) were employed to construct the SCN and FCN, respectively. The graph-theoretical analyses of the global properties, node properties of the 90 brain nodes, and the structural-functional connectivity (SC-FC) coupling of the two networks were performed.

Coronary artery wall contrast enhancement imaging impact on disease activity assessment in IgG4-RD: a direct marker of coronary involvement.

Background: Coronary artery wall contrast enhancement (CE) has been applied to non-invasive visualization of changes to the coronary artery wall in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). This study investigated the feasibility of quantifying CE to detect coronary involvement in IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD), as well as the influence on disease activity assessment.

Methods: A total of 93 subjects (31 IgG4-RD; 29 SLE; 33 controls) were recruited in the study.

NSUN2 mediates distinct pathways to regulate enterovirus 71 replication.

Increasing evidences suggest that the methyltransferase NSUN2 catalyzes 5-methylcytosine (m5C) modifications on viral RNAs, which are essential for the replication of various viruses. Despite the function of m5C deposition is well characterized, other potential roles of NSUN2 in regulating viral replication remain largely unknown. In this study, the m5C modified residues catalyzed by NSUN2 on enterovirus 71 (EV71) RNAs were mapped.

[Mechanism of acupotomy on chondrocyte ferroptosis in rabbits with knee osteoarthritis based on HSPA5/GPX4 signaling pathway].

Objective: To observe the effect of acupotomy on heat shock protein A family member 5 (HSPA5)/glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) signaling pathway in the chondrocytes of the rabbits with knee osteoarthritis (KOA) and explore the mechanism of acupotomy on chondrocyte ferroptosis in KOA.

Methods: Twenty-seven New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into a normal group, a model group and an acupotomy group, with 9 rabbits in each group. The left hind limb was fixed by the modified Videman method for 6 weeks to establish KOA model.

SPG21, a potential oncogene targeted by miR-128-3p, amplifies HBx-induced carcinogenesis and chemoresistance via activation of TRPM7-mediated JNK pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Purpose: Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is the primary risk factor for the malignant progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). It has been reported that HBV X protein (HBx) possesses oncogenic properties, promoting hepatocarcinogenesis and chemoresistance. However, the detailed molecular mechanisms are not fully understood.

Revealing the impact of autophagy-related genes in rheumatoid arthritis: Insights from bioinformatics.

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis is a systemic inflammatory autoimmune disease that severely impacts physical and mental health. Autophagy is a cellular process involving the degradation of cellular components in lysosomes. However, from a bioinformatics perspective, autophagy-related genes have not been comprehensively elucidated in rheumatoid arthritis.

[Occurrence Characteristics of Microplastics in Multi-environmental Media and of Manao River].

Microplastic pollution poses threats to aquatic ecosystems and human health. In this study, in order to investigate the characteristics of microplastic occurrence in different environmental media, the abundance, particle size, shape, color, and composition types of microplastics in the water column, sediment, riparian zone soil, and the benthic snail of the Manao River were analyzed using field sampling, microscopic observation, and Fourier infrared spectroscopy. The results showed that the average abundance of microplastics in the surface water of the Manao River was (5.

[Assessment of Microplastic Pollution and Estimation of Annual Emission Volume in the Dongshan Canal of Yichang City].

Microplastics, as an emerging pollutant, have garnered global attention. Urban areas are key hotspots for the generation of microplastic pollution, whereas urban water bodies act as vital conduits for the dissemination of microplastics to other freshwater environments. In this study, the Dongshan Canal in the urban area of Yichang City was selected as the research subject.

Interpretable and Intuitive Machine Learning Approaches for Predicting Disability Progression in Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis Based on Clinical and Gray Matter Atrophy Indicators.

Rationale And Objectives: To investigate whether clinical and gray matter (GM) atrophy indicators can predict disability in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) and to enhance the interpretability and intuitiveness of a predictive machine learning model.

Materials And Methods: 145 and 50 RRMS patients with structural MRI and at least 1-year follow-up Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) results were retrospectively enrolled and placed in the discovery and external test cohorts, respectively. Six clinical and radiomics feature-based machine learning classifiers were trained and tested to predict disability progression in the discovery cohort and validated in the external test set.

Aberrant white matter microstructure detected by automatic fiber quantification in pediatric myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease.

Background And Objectives: Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated diseases (MOGAD) is an idiopathic inflammatory demyelinating disorder in children, for which the precise damage patterns of the white matter (WM) fibers remain unclear. Herein, we utilized diffusion tensor imaging (DTI)-based automated fiber quantification (AFQ) to identify patterns of fiber damage and to investigate the clinical significance of MOGAD-affected fiber tracts.

Methods: A total of 28 children with MOGAD and 31 healthy controls were included in this study.