Effect of Multiple-Nutrient Supplement on Muscle Damage, Liver, and Kidney Function After Exercising Under Heat: Based on a Pilot Study and a Randomised Controlled Trial.

This study explored the effect of multiple-nutrient supplementation on muscle damage and liver and kidney function after vigorous exercise under heat. After an initial pilot trial comprising 89 male participants, 85 participants were recruited and assigned into three groups: a multiple-nutrient (M) group, a glucose (G) group, and a water (W) group. Multiple-nutrient supplements contain glucose, fructose, maltose, sodium, potassium, vitamin B, vitamin B, vitamin C, vitamin K, and taurine.