Multi-Omics Reveal the Metabolic Changes in Cumulus Cells During Aging.

Maternal age has been reported to impair oocyte quality. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the age-related decrease in oocyte competence remain poorly understood. Cumulus cells establish direct contact with the oocyte through gap junctions, facilitating the provision of crucial nutrients necessary for oocyte development.

Palladium-Catalyzed Selective B(3)-Esterification of -Carboranes with CO and Alcohols.

Selective functionalization of -carboranes has received tremendous attention, specifically in the regioselective modification of the ten chemically similar BH vertices within -carborane cage. We disclose herein a strategy for palladium-catalyzed esterification of the B(3)-H bond in -carboranes using tungsten hexacarbonyl as a carbon monoxide source. The corresponding functionalized -carboranes were prepared in moderate to very good yields with excellent regioselectivity.

Patient-reported outcomes in the early postoperative period following resection of unilateral multiple pulmonary nodules: implications for surgical decision-making.

Background: With increased early lung cancer screening, synchronous multiple pulmonary nodules are more frequently detected. However, due to the lack of standardized treatment strategies, their management remains contentious. This study utilizes patient-reported outcomes (PROs) to assess early postoperative symptoms and functionality, aiming to determine the optimal resection extent for unilateral multiple pulmonary nodules.

PAK4 promotes the cytoskeletal organization and meiotic maturation via phosphorylating DDX17 in oocyte.

PAK4 has been widely reported to function in somatic cells. However, its role and the underlying mechanisms in meiotic oocytes are largely unknown. Here, we show that PAK4 deficiency significantly disrupts maturational progression and meiotic apparatus in mouse oocytes.

Global, Regional, and National Epidemiology of Opioid Use Disorder Among Adolescents and Young Adults, 1990-2019.

Purpose: Opioid use disorder (OUD) is a growing public health crisis. However, no study to date has systematically evaluated the burden of OUD among adolescents and young adults (AYAs). We aimed to report the global level and trends of OUD burden among AYAs.

Whey protein effects on properties and structure of hairtail surimi gel.

Whey protein was added to hairtail surimi gel (HSG), the properties and structural changes were determined, and whey protein effects on them were investigated after incorporating 0.00% to 10.00% whey protein.

Development and validation of an explainable machine learning model for mortality prediction among patients with infected pancreatic necrosis.

Background: Infected pancreatic necrosis (IPN) represents a severe complication of acute pancreatitis, commonly linked with mortality rates ranging from 15% to 35%. However, the present mortality prediction tools for IPN are limited and lack sufficient sensitivity and specificity. This study aims to develop and validate an explainable machine learning (ML) model for death prediction among patients with IPN.

Arthroscopic-assisted total wrist arthrodesis: surgical design and clinical outcomes.

Introduction: This study presents an innovative arthroscopy-assisted total wrist arthrodesis technique utilising three hollow screws, aimed at improving clinical outcomes for patients with severe wrist arthritis.

Materials And Methods: The technique involved the placement of three hollow screws to facilitate wrist bone fusion. Between August 2019 and August 2023, four patients diagnosed with severe wrist arthritis underwent the arthroscopy-assisted procedure.

Comprehensive physiological, transcriptomic, and metabolomic analyses revealed the regulation mechanism of evergreen and cold resistance of Pinus koraiensis needles.

As a significant fruit and timber tree species among conifers, Pinus koraiensis remains it evergreen status throughout the harsh winters of the north, a testament to its intricate and prolonged evolutionary adaptation. This study delves into the annual trends of physiological indicators, gene expression levels, and metabolite accumulation to dissect the seasonal adaptability of P. koraiensis needles.

Exos-Loaded Gox-Modified Smart-Response Self-Healing Hydrogel Improves the Microenvironment and Promotes Wound Healing in Diabetic Wounds.

Wound management has always been a challenge in the clinical treatment of diabetes. In this study, glucose oxidase (GOx) is grafted onto natural pullulan polysaccharides, and oxidization is carried out to form a self-healing hydrogel using carboxymethyl chitosan by means of reversible Schiff base covalent bonding. The smart-response drug release properties of this natural self-healing hydrogel are demonstrated in diabetic wounds by taking advantage of two key factors, namely the pH-responsive nature of Schiff base bonding and the fact that GOx reduces the pH in diabetic wounds.

Focal Adhesion Kinase (FAK) inhibition induces membrane accumulation of aquaporin2 (AQP2) through endocytosis inhibition and actin depolymerization in renal epithelial cells.

Cellular trafficking of the water channel aquaporin 2 (AQP2) is regulated by the actin cytoskeleton in collecting duct principal cells (PC) to maintain proper water balance in animals. Critical actin depolymerization/polymerization events are involved in both constitutive AQP2 recycling, and the pathway stimulated by vasopressin receptor signaling. Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) plays an important role in modulating the actin cytoskeleton through inhibiting small GTPases, and multiple studies have shown the involvement of FAK in insulin and cholesterol trafficking through actin regulation.

Integrative Omics Reveals the Metabolic Patterns During Oocyte Growth.

Well-controlled metabolism is associated with high-quality oocytes and optimal development of a healthy embryo. However, the metabolic framework that controls mammalian oocyte growth remains unknown. In the present study, we comprehensively depict the temporal metabolic dynamics of mouse oocytes during in vivo growth through the integrated analysis of metabolomics and proteomics.

ARHGAP26 deficiency drives the oocyte aneuploidy and early embryonic development failure.

Aneuploidy, the presence of a chromosomal anomaly, is a major cause of spontaneous abortions and recurrent pregnancy loss in humans. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms still remain poorly understood. Here, we report that ARHGAP26, a putative tumor suppressor gene, is a newly identified regulator of oocyte quality to maintain mitochondrial integrity and chromosome euploidy, thus ensuring normal embryonic development and fertility.

The global phosphorylation landscape of mouse oocytes during meiotic maturation.

Phosphorylation is a key post-translational modification regulating protein function and biological outcomes. However, the phosphorylation dynamics orchestrating mammalian oocyte development remains poorly understood. In the present study, we apply high-resolution mass spectrometry-based phosphoproteomics to obtain the first global in vivo quantification of mouse oocyte phosphorylation.

The chromatin accessibility landscape of mouse oocytes during configuration transition.

The transition of chromatin configuration in mammalian oocytes from a non-surrounded nucleolus (NSN) to a surrounded nucleolus (SN) is critical for acquiring the developmental competence. However, the genomic and epigenomic features underlying this process remain poorly understood. In the present study, we first establish the chromatin accessibility landscape of mouse oocytes from NSN to SN stage.

A longitudinal study of the mediator role of physical activity in the bidirectional relationships of cognitive function and specific dimensions of depressive symptoms.

Background: The bidirectional relationship between cognitive function and depressive symptoms has been extensively reported. However, the potential mechanisms are still not clear. We aim to longitudinally investigate whether physical activity mediates the bidirectional relationships between cognitive function and specific dimensions of depressive symptoms.

The actin motor protein OsMYA1 associates with OsExo70H1 and contributes to rice secretory defense by modulating OsSyp121 distribution.

Magnaporthe oryzae (M. oryzae) is a devastating hemibiotrophic pathogen. Its biotrophic invasive hyphae (IH) are enclosed in the extrainvasive hyphal membrane produced by plant cells, thus generating a front line of the battlefield between the pathogen and the host plants.

MIB2 Functions in Oocyte Meiosis by Modulating Chromatin Configuration.

Chromatin configuration serves as a principal indicator of GV (germinal vesicle)-stage oocyte quality. However, the underlying mechanisms governing the chromatin configuration transition from NSN (non-surrounded nucleolus) to SN (surrounded nucleolus) remain unclear. In this study, by conducting a quantitative proteomic analysis, we identified an increased expression of the MIB2 (MIB E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 2) protein in SN oocytes.

Twin-Tool Orientation Synchronous Smoothing Algorithm of Pinch Milling in Nine-Axis Machine Tools.

Pinch milling is a new technique for slender and long blade machining, which can simultaneously improve the machining quality and efficiency. However, two-cutter orientation planning is a major challenge due to the irregular blade surfaces and the structural constraints of nine-axis machine tools. In this paper, a method of twin-tool smoothing orientation determination is proposed for a thin-walled blade with pinch milling.

A biocompatible pea protein isolate-derived bioink for 3D bioprinting and tissue engineering.

Three-dimensional bioprinting is a potent biofabrication technique in tissue engineering but is limited by inadequate bioink availability. Plant-derived proteins are increasingly recognized as highly promising yet underutilized materials for biomedical product development and hold potential for use in bioink formulations. Herein, we report the development of a biocompatible plant protein bioink from pea protein isolate.

Maternal Obesity Induces the Meiotic Defects and Epigenetic Alterations During Fetal Oocyte Development.

It has been widely reported that obesity adversely impacts reproductive performance of females. However, the effects of maternal obesity on fetal germ cells remain poorly understood. In the present study, by employing a high-fat diet (HFD)-based mouse model, it is discovered that maternal obesity disrupts the chromosomal synapsis and homologous recombination during fetal oogenesis.

Impact of haze on potential pathogens in surface bioaerosol in urban environments.

Air quality considerably affects bioaerosol dynamics within the atmosphere. Frequent haze events, with their associated alterations in bioaerosol composition, may pose potential health risks. This study investigated the microbial diversity, community structure, and factors of PM within an urban environment.