Twist Angle-Dependent Exciton Mobility in WS Bilayers.

Bilayer WS shows exceptional promise for excitonic devices due to its defect tolerance, high carrier density, and angle-tunable electronic properties. However, fundamental understanding of twist angle-dependent exciton transport remains limited due to challenges in sample preparation and interplays between interlayer coupling and moiré potential. Using transient reflection microscopy (TRM), we systematically studied exciton mobility in chemical vapor deposition-grown (CVD-grown) bilayer WS with different twist angles.

A novel radial co-culture microfluidic device for parallel and control detection of tumor cell invasiveness.

Metastasis is responsible for the majority of cancer-related deaths, and tumor cell invasion is a critical step in the cancer metastatic cascade. Traditional invasion analysis using transwell assays and immunodeficient mouse models struggles to control tumor microenvironment factors, such as various biochemical signals and cell types. A microfluidic chip system has emerged as an important tool for invasion analysis, but the simultaneous parallel and controlled experiments within the same group of tumor cells remain challenging.

Numerical Simulation of Fluid-Structure Interaction in Axillary Artery Venoarterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation for Heart Failure Patients.

Although axillary artery venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) has been utilized as a mechanical circulatory support for patients with end-stage heart failure (HF), there is currently insufficient evidence to support its effectiveness and safety. The objective of this study was to analyze the hemodynamic effects of axillary artery VA-ECMO. To this end, we obtained CT angiographic imaging data of the aorta from a carefully selected heart failure patient with a cardiac output of 2.

Exciton Emission Enhancement in Two-Dimensional Monolayer Tungsten Disulfide on a Silicon Substrate via a Fabry-Pérot Microcavity.

Exciton emitters in two-dimensional monolayer transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) provide a boulevard for the emerging optoelectronic field, ranging from miniaturized light-emitting diodes to quantum emitters and optical communications. However, the low quantum efficiency from limited light-matter interactions and harmful substrate effects seriously hinders their applications. In this work, we achieve a ∼438-fold exciton photoluminescence enhancement by constructing a Fabry-Pérot cavity consisting of monolayer WS and a micron-scale hole on the SiO/Si substrate.

Highly Thermal-Conductive Cubic Boron Arsenide: Single-Crystal Growth, Properties, and Future Thin-Film Epitaxy.

Heat dissipation has become a critical challenge in modern electronics, driving the need for a revolution in thermal management strategies beyond traditional packaging materials, thermal interface materials, and heat sinks. Cubic boron arsenide (c-BAs) offers a promising solution, thanks to its combination of high thermal conductivity and high ambipolar mobility, making it highly suitable for applications in both electronic devices and thermal management. However, challenges remain, particularly in the large-scale synthesis of a high-quality material and the tuning of its physical properties.

Predictive value of system immune-inflammation index for the severity of coronary stenosis in patients with coronary heart disease and diabetes mellitus.

Coronary heart disease (CHD) has been recognized as a chronic progressive inflammatory disorder, and Diabetes mellitus (DM) is an independent risk factor for the pathogenesis of CHD. Recent research has underscored the systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) as a potent prognostic indicator for individuals suffering from acute coronary syndrome (ACS). This study aimed to delve into the relationship between SII and the degree of coronary atherosclerotic stenosis in non-acute myocardial infarction patients with or without DM.

Photoreforming of Plastic Waste to Sustainable Fuels and Chemicals: Waste to Energy.

The extensive accumulation of plastic waste has given rise to severe environmental pollution issues. Contemporary conventional recycling methods, such as incineration and landfilling, contribute significantly to pollutant emissions and carbon footprints, against the principles of sustainable development. Leveraging renewable solar energy to transform plastics into high-value chemicals and green fuels offers a more promising and sustainable approach to managing plastic waste resources.

Impact of Intravenous Iron in patients with heart failure and Iron Deficiency: an updated Meta-analysis of Randomized controlled trials.

Background: The actual effects of intravenous iron therapy on hospitalizations, mortality and safety in patients with heart failure and iron deficiency remained controversial. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to elucidate the cardiovascular benefits and safety of intravenous iron therapy.

Methods: We searched PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases for relevant RCTs of intravenous iron therapy in patients with heart failure and iron deficiency published from inception through April 20, 2024.

Tailored Environment-Friendly Reverse Type-I Colloidal Quantum Dots for a Near-Infrared Optical Synapse and Artificial Vision System.

Colloidal quantum dots (QDs) are emerging as potential candidates for constructing near-infrared (NIR) photodetectors (PDs) and artificial optoelectronic synapses due to solution processability and a tunable bandgap. However, most of the current NIR QDs-optoelectronic devices are still fabricated using QDs with incorporated harmful heavy metals of lead (Pb) and mercury (Hg), showing potential health and environment risks. In this work, we tailored eco-friendly reverse type-I ZnSe/InP QDs by copper (Cu) doping and extended the photoresponse from the visible to NIR region.

Efficient reduction-oxidation coupling degradation of nitroaromatic compounds in continuous flow processes.

Nitroaromatic compounds (NACs) with electron-withdrawing nitro (-NO) groups are typical refractory pollutants. Despite advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) being appealing degradation technologies, inefficient ring-opening oxidation of NACs and practical large-scale applications remain challenges. Here we tackle these challenges by designing a reduction-oxidation coupling (ROC) degradation process in LaFeCuO@carbon fiber cloth (LFCO@CFC)/PMS/Vis continuous flow system.

Selective Photoreforming of Waste Plastics into Diesel Olefins via Single Reactive Oxygen Species.

The accumulation of plastic waste poses a pressing environmental challenge. Catalytic conversion stands out as an ideal approach for plastics upcycling, particularly through solar-driven plastics photoreforming. However, due to the common effects of multiple reactive oxygen species (ROS), selectively generating high-value chemicals becomes challenging.

An oncolytic virus delivering tumor-irrelevant bystander T cell epitopes induces anti-tumor immunity and potentiates cancer immunotherapy.

Tumor-specific T cells are crucial in anti-tumor immunity and act as targets for cancer immunotherapies. However, these cells are numerically scarce and functionally exhausted in the tumor microenvironment (TME), leading to inefficacious immunotherapies in most patients with cancer. By contrast, emerging evidence suggested that tumor-irrelevant bystander T (T) cells are abundant and preserve functional memory properties in the TME.

Boosting exciton mobility approaching Mott-Ioffe-Regel limit in Ruddlesden-Popper perovskites by anchoring the organic cation.

Exciton transport in two-dimensional Ruddlesden-Popper perovskite plays a pivotal role for their optoelectronic performance. However, a clear photophysical picture of exciton transport is still lacking due to strong confinement effects and intricate exciton-phonon interactions in an organic-inorganic hybrid lattice. Herein, we present a systematical study on exciton transport in (BA)(MA)PbI Ruddlesden-Popper perovskites using time-resolved photoluminescence microscopy.

Short-Term Mortality Among Pediatric Patients With Heart Diseases Undergoing Veno-Arterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation serves as a crucial mechanical circulatory support for pediatric patients with severe heart diseases, but the mortality rate remains high. The objective of this study was to assess the short-term mortality in these patients.

Methods And Results: We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library for observational studies that evaluated the short-term mortality of pediatric patients undergoing veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.

Spin Polarization: A New Frontier in Efficient Photocatalysis for Environmental Purification and Energy Conversion.

As a promising strategy to improve photocatalytic efficiency, spin polarization has attracted enormous attention in recent years, which could be involved in various steps of photoreaction. The Pauli repulsion principle and the spin selection rule dictate that the behavior of two electrons in a spatial eigenstate is based on their spin states, and this fact opens up a new avenue for manipulating photocatalytic efficiency. In this review, recent advances in modulating the photocatalytic activity with spin polarization are systematically summarized.

Regulation of Tumor Apoptosis of -Derived Lanostane Triterpenes by AKT/PI3K and MAPK Signaling Pathways .

is traditionally used as both food and medicine. Triterpenoids in have a wide range of pharmacological activities, such as diuretic, sedative and tonic properties. In this study, the anti-tumor activities of poricoic acid A (PAA) and poricoic acid B (PAB), purified by high-speed counter-current chromatography, as well as their mechanisms and signaling pathways, were investigated using a HepG2 cell model.

Uncovering the mechanisms of efficient upconversion in two-dimensional perovskites with anti-Stokes shift up to 220 meV.

Phonon-assisted photon upconversion holds great potential for numerous applications, e.g., optical refrigeration.

Idealizing Tauc Plot for Accurate Bandgap Determination of Semiconductor with Ultraviolet-Visible Spectroscopy: A Case Study for Cubic Boron Arsenide.

The Tauc plot is widely used to determine the bandgap of semiconductors, but the actual plot often exhibits significant baseline absorption below the expected bandgap, leading to bandgap discrepancies from two different extrapolations. In this work, we first discuss the origin of baseline absorption and show that both extrapolation methods can produce significant errors by simulating Tauc plots with varying levels of baseline absorption. We then propose and experimentally verify a new method that idealizes the absorption spectrum by removing its baseline before constructing the Tauc plot.

Efficient Photoelectrochemical Hydrogen Generation Using Eco-Friendly "Giant" InP/ZnSe Core/Shell Quantum Dots.

InP quantum dots (QDs) are promising building blocks for use in solar technologies because of their low intrinsic toxicity, narrow bandgap, large absorption coefficient, and low-cost solution synthesis. However, the high surface trap density of InP QDs reduces their energy conversion efficiency and degrades their long-term stability. Encapsulating InP QDs into a wider bandgap shell is desirable to eliminate surface traps and improve optoelectronic properties.

PD-1/PD-L1 blockade restores tumor-induced COVID-19 vaccine bluntness.

The COVID-19 vaccinations are crucial in protecting against the global pandemic. However, accumulating studies revealed the severely blunted COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness in cancer patients. The PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy leads to durable therapeutic responses in a subset of cancer patients and has been approved to treat a wide spectrum of cancers in the clinic.

The establishment of city commercial banks and China's green economy development.

Promoting sustainable economic development has been pursued by all countries, and achieving green economic development is crucial to sustainable economic development. This study uses the non-radial direction distance function (NDDF) method to calculate the level of development of the green economy in Chinese cities during 2003-2014. Next, it uses the establishment of China's city commercial banks as an exogenous policy shock to build a staggered difference-in-differences model to empirically test the impact of the establishment of city commercial banks on green economy development.

Giant Out-of-Plane Exciton Emission Enhancement in Two-Dimensional Indium Selenide via a Plasmonic Nanocavity.

Out-of-plane (OP) exciton-based emitters in two-dimensional semiconductor materials are attractive candidates for novel photonic applications, such as radially polarized sources, integrated photonic chips, and quantum communications. However, their low quantum efficiency resulting from forbidden transitions limits their practicality. In this work, we achieve a giant enhancement of up to 34000 for OP exciton emission in indium selenide (InSe) via a designed Ag nanocube-over-Au film plasmonic nanocavity.