Magnetic Domain Wall Energy Landscape Engineering in a Ferrimagnet.

Architectures based on a magnetic domain wall (DW) can store and process information at a high speed in a nonvolatile manner with ultra-low power consumption. Recently, transition-metal rare earth metal alloy-based ferrimagnets have attracted a considerable amount of attention for the ultrafast current-driven DW motion. However, the high-speed DW motion is subject to film inhomogeneity and device edge defects, causing challenges in controlling the DW motion and hindering practical application.

Mechanistic Insights into the Reaction of Wulfenite with Aqueous Sodium Sulfide Solution and Its Industrial Implications.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the reaction mechanism of wulfenite with an aqueous sodium sulfide solution and thereby provide guidance for the sulfidization flotation and sodium sulfide leaching of wulfenite. For this purpose, dissolution/leaching behavior analysis, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) were performed. The dissolution/leaching analysis indicated that sodium sulfide can induce the dissolution of PbMoO.

Ferulic Acid Alleviates Lipid and Bile Acid Metabolism Disorders by Targeting FASN and CYP7A1 in Iron Overload-Treated Mice.

Iron overload is a common complication in various chronic liver diseases, including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Lipid and bile acid metabolism disorders are regarded as crucial hallmarks of NAFLD. However, effects of iron accumulation on lipid and bile acid metabolism are not well understood.

A novel fluorescent sensor for evaluating pH changes in organophosphorus pesticides-treated cells and C. elegans.

pH plays an important role in the evaluation of the healthy status in versatile circumstances. The fluctuation of pH could be affected by complex internal and external stimuli. Especially, the abnormal pH changes is a common characteristic of organophosphorus pesticides (OPs)-caused damage owing to the irreversible inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity.

Efficient current-induced spin torques and field-free magnetization switching in a room-temperature van der Waals magnet.

The discovery of magnetism in van der Waals (vdW) materials has established unique building blocks for the research of emergent spintronic phenomena. In particular, owing to their intrinsically clean surface without dangling bonds, the vdW magnets hold the potential to construct a superior interface that allows for efficient electrical manipulation of magnetism. Despite several attempts in this direction, it usually requires a cryogenic condition and the assistance of external magnetic fields, which is detrimental to the real application.

Radiation-Hardened and Flexible Pb(ZrTi)O Piezoelectric Sensor for Structural Health Monitoring.

Piezoelectric sensors are excellent damage detectors that can be applied to structural health monitoring (SHM). SHM for complex structures of aerospace vehicles working in harsh conditions is frequently required, posing challenging requirements for a sensor's flexibility, radiation hardness, and high-temperature tolerance. Here, we fabricate a flexible and lightweight Pb(ZrTi)O piezoelectric film on flexible KMg(AlSiO)F substrate via van der Waals (vdW) heteroepitaxy, endowing it with robust ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties under low energy-high flux protons (LE-HFPs) radiation (10 p/cm).

Total Synthesis of (±)- and (-)-Daphnillonin B.

The first total synthesis of (±)- and (-)-daphnillonin B, a daphnicyclidin-type alkaloid with a new [7-6-5-7-5-5] A/B/C/D/E/F hexacyclic core, has been achieved. The [6-5-7] B/C/D ring system was efficiently and diastereoselectively constructed via a mild type I intramolecular [5+2] cycloaddition, followed by a Grubbs II catalyst-catalyzed radical cyclization. The [5-5] fused E/F ring system was synthesized via a diastereoselective intramolecular Pauson-Khand reaction.

Revealing Site Occupancy in a Complex Oxide: Terbium Iron Garnet.

Complex oxide films stabilized by epitaxial growth can exhibit large populations of point defects which have important effects on their properties. The site occupancy of pulsed laser-deposited epitaxial terbium iron garnet (TbIG) films with excess terbium (Tb) is analyzed, in which the terbium:iron (Tb:Fe)ratio is 0.86 compared to the stoichiometric value of 0.

Development of Strigolactones as Novel Autophagy/Mitophagy Inhibitors against Colorectal Cancer Cells by Blocking the Autophagosome-Lysosome Fusion.

Inhibition of autophagy has been widely viewed as a promising strategy for anticancer therapy. However, few effective and specific autophagy inhibitors have been reported. Herein, we described the design, synthesis, and biological characteristics of new analogues of strigolactones (SLs), an emerging class of plant hormones, against colorectal cancers.

Challenges and opportunities for spintronics based on spin orbit torque.

Spintronic devices based on spin orbit torque (SOT) have become the most promising pathway to the next-generation of ultralow-power nonvolatile logic and memory applications. Typical SOT-based spintronic devices consist of two functional materials: a spin source and a magnetic material. Spin source materials possess a strong spin orbit coupling, enabling efficient interconversion between charge and spin current.

An antisite defect mechanism for room temperature ferroelectricity in orthoferrites.

Single-phase multiferroic materials that allow the coexistence of ferroelectric and magnetic ordering above room temperature are highly desirable, motivating an ongoing search for mechanisms for unconventional ferroelectricity in magnetic oxides. Here, we report an antisite defect mechanism for room temperature ferroelectricity in epitaxial thin films of yttrium orthoferrite, YFeO, a perovskite-structured canted antiferromagnet. A combination of piezoresponse force microscopy, atomically resolved elemental mapping with aberration corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy and density functional theory calculations reveals that the presence of Y antisite defects facilitates a non-centrosymmetric distortion promoting ferroelectricity.

Modular and scalable synthesis of nematode pheromone ascarosides: implications in eliciting plant defense response.

A highly efficient and modular synthesis of nematode pheromone ascarosides was developed, which highlights a 4-step scalable synthesis of the common intermediate 10 in 23% yield from commercially available l-rhamnose by using orthoesterification/benzylation/orthoester rearrangement as the key step. Six diverse ascarosides were synthesized accordingly. Notably, biological investigations revealed that ascr#1 and ascr#18 treatment resulted in enhanced callose accumulation in Arabidopsis leaves.

Voltage Control of Magnetism above Room Temperature in Epitaxial SrCoFeO.

Searching for new materials and phenomena to enable voltage control of magnetism and magnetic properties holds compelling interest for the development of low-power nonvolatile memory devices. In particular, reversible and nonvolatile ON/OFF controls of magnetism above room temperature are highly desirable yet still elusive. Here, we report on a nonvolatile voltage control of magnetism in epitaxial SrCoFeO (SCFO).

Biomimetic Synthesis of Psiguajdianone Guided Discovery of the Meroterpenoids from .

Psiguajdianone (), a novel caryophyllene-derived meroterpenoid dimer, was isolated from . The structure of was determined by X-ray analysis and confirmed by total synthesis. Our synthetic strategy involves biomimetic cascade Knoevenagel condensation/hetero-Diels-Alder reaction and dimerization.

Anomalous Defect Dependence of Thermal Conductivity in Epitaxial WO Thin Films.

Lattice defects typically reduce lattice thermal conductivity, which has been widely exploited in applications such as thermoelectric energy conversion. Here, an anomalous dependence of the lattice thermal conductivity on point defects is demonstrated in epitaxial WO thin films. Depending on the substrate, the lattice of epitaxial WO expands or contracts as protons are intercalated by electrolyte gating or oxygen vacancies are introduced by adjusting growth conditions.

Antireflective coatings with enhanced adhesion strength.

The importance of tuning refractive index in a multilayer antireflection coating (ARC) system can not be denied. In practical applications, regulation of refractive index is complex due to limited choice and availability of appropriate materials for the trilayer AR coating assembly. To overcome this issue, we used a single inorganic material, HfO, for the construction of a trilayer AR light harvesting moth eye, resembling hierarchical nanostructure coatings, for exploring new generation photovoltaics and optoelectronic devices.

Biodegradable multilayer barrier films based on alginate/polyethyleneimine and biaxially oriented poly(lactic acid).

A layer-by-layer (LBL) approach was used to assemble alternating layers of sodium alginate (ALG)/polyethyleneimine (PEI) on biaxially oriented poly(lactic acid) (BOPLA) films in order to produce bio-based all-polymer thin films with low gas permeability. Increasing the depositing of ALG and PEI from 0 to 30 layers results in large thickness variations (from 0 to 3.92 μm).