Long-term effects of PM and its components on incident hypertension among the middle-aged and elderly: a national cohort study.

Background: The long-term health effects of fine particulate matter (PM) on hypertension remain incomprehensive. We evaluated the relationship of PM and its components with hypertension incidence in middle-aged and elderly adults.

Methods: We utilised data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study collected between 2011 and 2018.

Multifunctional hydrogel targeting senescence to accelerate diabetic wound healing through promoting angiogenesis.

Diabetic wound healing remains a significant clinical challenge because of hyperglycaemia-induced cellular senescence, impaired angiogenesis, and chronic inflammation. To address these issues, we developed a multifunctional hydrogel (GelMA/PNS/Alg@IGF-1) that integrates gelatine methacryloyl (GelMA), Panax notoginseng saponins (PNS), and sodium alginate microspheres encapsulating insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1). This hydrogel was engineered to achieve gradient and sustained release of bioactive agents to target senescence and promote vascular repair.

Changing epidemiology of leptospirosis in China from 1955 to 2022.

Background: Leptospirosis, a zoonotic disease caused by pathogenic species of the genus Leptospira, is an important public health concern globally. Leptospirosis has been notifiable under statute in China since 1955, and its epidemiological characteristics have evolved during near 70 years. This study aimed to describe the spatial and temporal patterns and demographic characteristics of leptospirosis from 1955 to 2022 in China, and explore the possible factors that influence leptospirosis transmission risk.

Fertility assessment in long-term young female survivors with hematological disease after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation: a single-center real-life cross-sectional study.

HSCT has been recognized as a successful treatment for various hematological disease. The 5-year survival rate for children and adolescents diagnosed with hematological disease has risen to over 90% in high-income countries. Nevertheless, it has been reported that between 65 and 84% of individuals who undergo HSCT suffer from premature ovarian failure(POF), with only 0.

Shear wave elastography, as a feasible tool, can be used to reflect the lower limb dysfunction in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease?

To explore the additional value of shear wave elastography (SWE) in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients. Ultrasound elastography of the rectus femoris and patellar tendon was performed to determine the mean elasticity index (SWE) of the rectus femoris (SWE) and patellar tendon (SWE) in 56 patients with COPD and 53 healthy controls. Clinical tests included the COPD Assessment Test (CAT), the dyspnea index score (modified British Medical Research Council (mMRC)score), the Five-Repetition Sit-to-Stand Test(5STS) and the Six-Minute Walk Test (6MWT).

Resting-state EEG alpha asymmetry predicts false belief understanding during early childhood: An exploratory longitudinal study.

Theory of mind (ToM), the ability to attribute mental states to others, is fundamental to human socio-cognition. In child development, a full or explicit understanding of false beliefs (FB) and their impact on action emerges around the age of 4 years. There is evidence of functional specialization of right hemispheric activity related to FB processing in adults and children.

Biguanides antithetically regulate tumor properties by the dose-dependent mitochondrial reprogramming-driven c-Src pathway.

The biguanide metformin attenuates mitochondrial oxidation and is proposed as an anti-cancer therapy. However, recent clinical studies suggest increased proliferation and fatty acid β-oxidation (FAO) in a subgroup of patients with breast cancer (BC) after metformin therapy. Considering that FAO can activate Src kinase in aggressive triple-negative BC (TNBC), we postulate that low-dose biguanide-driven AMPK-ACC-FAO signaling may activate the Src pathway in TNBC.

Lactation duration and the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus in parous women: A perspective on socioeconomic status disparity.

Background & Aims: Whether and how socioeconomic status (SES) influences the associations between type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and lactation remains unknown. We aimed to evaluate the associations between lactation duration and T2DM from a perspective of SES disparity.

Methods: A total of 263,859 parous women without diabetes at baseline (2004-2008) in the China Kadoorie Biobank were included.

Pickering emulsions stabilized by ultrasound-assisted phosphorylated cantaloupe seed protein isolate -chitosan: Preparation, characterization and stability.

Cantaloupe seed protein isolate (CSPI) has attracted the attention of its low cost, easy digestion and balanced composition of essential amino acids. However, due to the low solubility of CSPI, its application in the food industry is limited. Therefore, the present study investigated the effect of ultrasound-assisted phosphorylation on the solubility of CSPI and the structural properties were characterized.

A free-radical initiator-based carrier-free smart nanobomb for targeted synergistic therapy of hypoxic breast cancer.

Thermodynamic therapy (TDT) is a promising alternative to photodynamic therapy (PDT) by absorbing heat through thermosensitive agents (TSAs) to generate oxygen-irrelevant highly toxic free radicals. Therefore, TDT can be a perfect partner for photothermal therapy (PTT) to achieve efficient synergistic treatment of anoxic tumors using a single laser, greatly simplifying the treatment process and overcoming hypoxia limitations. However, the issues of how to improve the stability and delivery efficiency of TSAs still need to be addressed urgently.

Casz1 is required for both inner hair cell fate stabilization and outer hair cell survival.

Cochlear inner hair cells (IHCs) and outer hair cells (OHCs) require different transcription factors for their cell fate stabilization and survival, suggesting separate mechanisms are involved. Here, we found that the transcription factor Casz1 was crucial for early IHC fate consolidation and for OHC survival during mouse development. Loss of Casz1 resulted in transdifferentiation of IHCs into OHCs, without affecting OHC production.

Effects of Exercise Interventions on Blood Pressure in Children and Adolescents With Overweight or Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to quantify the effect of exercise interventions on blood pressure (BP) among children and adolescents with overweight or obesity. A systematic search of five databases was conducted from inception to July 26, 2024, to identify relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Study quality was assessed using the revised Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool for randomized controlled trials.

The Optimization of the Debittering Process and the Exploration of Bitter Metabolites of 'Fengdan' Seeds.

Tree peony seeds, traditionally used for edible oil production, are rich in α-linolenic acid (ALA). However, little attention is paid to their development as a healthcare food due to their bitter and astringent taste. The aim of this study was to optimize the debittering process of peony seeds on the basis of maintaining nutritional value and to identify the compounds that cause the taste of bitterness.

A low-dose CT reconstruction method using sub-pixel anisotropic diffusion.

Objectives: We present a new low-dose CT reconstruction method using sub-pixel and anisotropic diffusion.

Methods: The sub-pixel intensity values and their second-order differences were obtained using linear interpolation techniques, and the new gradient information was then embedded into an anisotropic diffusion process, which was introduced into a penalty-weighted least squares model to reduce the noise in low-dose CT projection data. The high-quality CT image was finally reconstructed using the classical filtered back-projection (FBP) algorithm from the estimated data.

CS bonds mediated rapid charge transfer in hm-CN/CdS heterostructure for efficient photocatalytic CO reduction.

The quest for stable and high-performance photocatalysts is pivotal in advancing the field of photocatalytic CO reduction. Traditional single-component semiconductors are often impeded by their inability to concurrently achieve a broad light absorption spectrum, efficient separation of photogenerated charge carriers, and enduring stability, thereby constraining their photocatalytic efficacy. In this study, we introduce an innovative hm-CN/CdS heterojunction that broadens the light absorption spectrum and significantly enhances the separation efficiency of photogenerated charge carriers.

Environmental determinants of intraspecific variation in five functional traits of Franch.

Franch. is a native species in southwestern China, characterized by high polymorphism. However, the environmental drivers of intraspecific variation in its functional traits remain poorly understood.

A novel mitochondrial-targeted fluorescent probe for ratiometric imaging of nitric oxide in cells and zebrafish.

Nitric oxide (NO) is a key signaling molecule that regulates energy metabolism, apoptosis, and antioxidant balance within mitochondria. It is closely associated with the development of cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, and cancer. Therefore, developing fluorescent probes capable of accurately detecting NO levels in mitochondria is essential for understanding disease mechanisms and clinical diagnostics.

Spatial and seasonal distribution, sources, and health risks of PM loaded per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in a typical megacity.

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs), a class of ubiquitous and emerging environmental pollutants, have garnered considerable attention due to the scarcity of knowledge regarding their atmospheric sources and the associated human health risks from aerosol exposure. This study investigated the spatial-temporal distribution and potential sources of PFASs in Nanjing city of eastern China by collecting 66 PM samples from industrial, urban, and rural areas between July 2022 and August 2023. Employing ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS), 21 distinct PFASs were detected with concentrations ranging from 9.

Five-Component [2 + 2 + 1 + 1] Tandem Benzannulation Leading to Multifunctionalized Aromatic Amines.

An unprecedented five-component [2 + 2 + 1 + 1] benzannulation strategy for regioselective assembly of densely functionalized aromatic amines from two ynals, two malononitriles, and sodium sulfinates is established. The benzannulation protocol enables the efficient installation of five substituents on a benzene ring via the formation of multiple chemical bonds in a single operation, providing various multifunctionalized aromatic primary amines in moderate to good yields. Additionally, three-component [3 + 2 + 1] cycloaddition of malononitriles, ynals, and NHSCN was also achieved to produce 2-amnopyridine derivatives with NHSCN serving as an ammonia surrogate.

Inequalities in disease burden and care quality of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 1990-2021: Findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the primary causes of significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. This study aimed to explore the cross-country inequalities by age, sex, and region in COPD's burden and care quality from 1990 to 2021.

Methods: We obtained data from the Global Burden of Disease 2021.

Dose-Response Associations of Internet Use Time and Internet Addiction With Depressive Symptoms Among Chinese Children and Adolescents: Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Children's lives are increasingly mediated by digital technologies, yet evidence regarding the associations between internet use and depression is far from comprehensive and remains unclear.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the dose-response association between internet use, including use time and addiction behaviors, and depressive symptoms among children and adolescents in Zhejiang Province.

Methods: Data were collected from a school-based health survey China Common Disease and Risk Factor Surveillance Among Students, encompassing 21,336 students in Zhejiang Province.