Characterization of extreme rainfall changes and response to temperature changes in Guizhou Province, China.

Different geographical zones have regional heterogeneity in underlying earth surface structure and microclimate which result in different evolution trends and their response to climate change varies in extreme rainfalls in these zones. In the Guizhou province of China, there are complex landforms, which lead to spatial redistribution of rainfall, frequent extreme rainfall, and disasters high risk of geologic disasters. Research on extreme climate in Guizhou mostly paid attention to its spatio-temporal characteristics and modeling, but lack of analysis on its characteristics of extreme rainfall variability and response to temperature changes under different subsurface conditions.

Diaphragm dysfunction is found in patients with chronic painful temporomandibular disorder: A case-control study.

Aim: To determine whether patients with chronic painful temporomandibular disorder (TMD) had abnormal diaphragm function compared to healthy controls and to explore the correlation between diaphragm contractility, psychological status, and pain characteristics.

Methods: A single-blinded, case-control study was conducted involving 23 chronic painful TMD patients and 22 healthy volunteers. The examination and diagnosis were performed according to the Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders, and questionnaires were used to evaluate pain, depression, anxiety, and physical symptoms status.

Resolvin D1 delivery to lesional macrophages using antioxidative black phosphorus nanosheets for atherosclerosis treatment.

The buildup of plaques in atherosclerosis leads to cardiovascular events, with chronic unresolved inflammation and overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) being major drivers of plaque progression. Nanotherapeutics that can resolve inflammation and scavenge ROS have the potential to treat atherosclerosis. Here we demonstrate the potential of black phosphorus nanosheets (BPNSs) as a therapeutic agent for the treatment of atherosclerosis.

Epigallocatechin-3-gallate ameliorates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute thymus involution in mice via AMPK/Sirt1 pathway.

The thymus, a site to culture the naïve T lymphocytes, is susceptible to atrophy or involution due to aging, inflammation, and oxidation. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) has been proven to possess anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antitumor activity. Here, we investigate the effects of EGCG on thymic involution induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), an endotoxin derived from Gram-negative bacteria.

Protocol for detecting micro(nano)plastics released from intravenous infusion products.

Approaches for detecting micro(nano)plastics (MNPs) released from intravenous infusion products (IVIPs) are vital for evaluating the safety of both IVIPs and their derived MNPs on human health, yet current understanding is limited. Here, we present a protocol for detecting polyvinyl chloride (PVC) MNPs by combining Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy equipped with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), and pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (Py-GC-MS). We describe steps for collecting, pretreating, and measuring PVC MNPs released from IVIPs.

Agricultural drought-driven mechanism of coupled climate and human activities in the karst basin of southern China.

Timely and accurate agricultural drought monitoring and drought-driven mechanism analysis in karst basins in the context of global warming are highly important for drought disaster monitoring and sustainable ecological development in a basin. In this study, based on MODIS data, meteorological and topographic data and land use data from 2001 to 2020, we used the Sen slope, the Mann-Kendall test and a geographic detector to explore the driving mechanisms of agricultural drought caused by climate change and human activities in the karst basin of southern China from 2001 to 2020. The results showed that (1) the spatial distribution of the TVDI in the karst basin in southern China has obvious regional characteristics, showing a decreasing trend from west to east.

Nebivolol, an antihypertensive agent, has new application in inhibiting melanoma.

Repurposing existing drugs for cancer therapy has become an important strategy because of its advantages, such as cost reduction, effect and safety. The present study was designed to investigate the antimelanoma effect and possible mechanisms of action of nebivolol, which is an approved and widely prescribed antihypertensive agent. In this study, we explored the effect of nebivolol on cell proliferation and cell activity in melanoma in vitro and the potential antimelanoma mechanism of nebivolol through a series of experiments, including the analysis of the effects with regard to cell apoptosis and metastasis.

Associations between the use of red yeast rice preparations and adverse health outcomes: An umbrella review of meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials.

Background: Red yeast rice (RYR), a natural lipid-lowering agent, is widely used in clinical practice. However, the existing meta-analyses concerning the safety of RYR preparations have yielded inconsistent results, and the credibility of the evidence has not been quantified.

Objective: This study was designed to evaluate the existing evidence and offer a comprehensive understanding of the associations between the use of RYR preparations and various adverse health outcomes.

Genetic Analysis of Adaptive Traits in Spring Wheat in Northeast China.

The dissection of the genetic architecture and the detection of the loci for adaptive traits are important for marker-assisted selection (MAS) for breeding. A spring wheat diversity panel with 251 cultivars, mainly from China, was obtained to conduct a genome-wide association study (GWAS) to detect the new loci, including the heading date (HD), maturating date (MD), plant height (PH), and lodging resistance (LR). In total, 41 loci existing in all 21 chromosomes, except for 4A and 6B, were identified, and each explained 4.

Design, Synthesis, and Activity Evaluation of Fluorine-Containing Scopolamine Analogues as Potential Antidepressants.

This study aimed to develop novel rapid-acting antidepressants with sustained efficacy and favorable safety profiles. We designed and synthesized a series of fluorine-containing scopolamine analogues and evaluated their antidepressant potential. cytotoxicity assays showed that most of these compounds exhibited minimal toxicity against neuronal and non-neuronal mammalian cell lines (IC > 100 μM).

Repurposing of Antidiarrheal Loperamide for Treating Melanoma by Inducing Cell Apoptosis and Cell Metastasis Suppression and .

Background: Melanoma is the most common skin tumor worldwide and still lacks effective therapeutic agents in clinical practice. Repurposing of existing drugs for clinical tumor treatment is an attractive and effective strategy. Loperamide is a commonly used anti-diarrheal drug with excellent safety profiles.

Healthy Lifestyle and Quality of Life in Post-Operative Colorectal Cancer Patients: A Five-Month Observational Study.

Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) is an important indicator of treatment effectiveness. An unhealthy lifestyle can have a negative impact on quality of life. This study aimed to investigate changes in health-related lifestyle over time after surgery for colorectal cancer and their impact on HRQOL.

Development and validation of a nomogram to predict the five-year risk of revascularization for non-culprit lesion progression in STEMI patients after primary PCI.

Background: Acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients after primary PCI were readmitted for revascularization due to non-culprit lesion (NCL) progression.

Objective: To develop and validate a nomogram that can accurately predict the likelihood of NCL progression revascularization in STEMI patients following primary PCI.

Methods: The study enrolled 1,612 STEMI patients after primary PCI in our hospital from June 2009 to June 2018.

Direct entry of micro(nano)plastics into human blood circulatory system by intravenous infusion.

Understanding the pathways of human exposure to micro(nano)plastics (MNPs) is crucial for assessing their health impacts. Intravenous infusion can induce MNPs direct entry into the human blood, posing serious risks on human health, but remains unclear. Herein, we developed comprehensive analytical methods to detect polyvinyl chloride (PVC) MNPs down to 20 nm, and found about 0.

Association between triglyceride glucose-body mass index and heart failure in subjects with diabetes mellitus or prediabetes mellitus: a cross-sectional study.

Background: The triglyceride glucose-body mass index (TyG-BMI) is a surrogate indicator of insulin resistance. However, the association of TyG-BMI with heart failure (HF) in individuals with diabetes mellitus or prediabetes mellitus is unknown.

Methods: This study included 7,472 participants aged 20-80 years old with prediabetes or diabetes from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2007-2018).

Associations between teacher-student relationship and externalizing problem behaviors among Chinese rural adolescent.

The primary objective of this study is to present a fresh perspective on the correlation between teacher-student relationships and externalizing problem behaviors among adolescents. While previous research has examined this connection, there is still an insufficient understanding of the underlying mechanisms. Moreover, the crucial role of peer relationships, mental health, and parental knowledge has been overlooked.

A nomogram for predicting the risk of intra-abdominal hypertension in critically ill patients based on ultrasound and clinical data.

Background: Intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH) is a common complication in critically ill patients. This study aimed to identify independent risk factors for IAH and generate a nomogram to distinguish IAH from non-IAH in these patients.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 89 critically ill patients and divided them into an IAH group [intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) ≥12 mmHg] and a non-IAH group (IAP <12 mmHg) based on the IAP measured from their bladders.

Association between sun-protective behaviors and hypertension: a cross-sectional study from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2009 to 2014.

Background: In previous studies, sun-protective behaviors increased cardiovascular incidence. Our present article is to further analyze the potential relationship between sun-protective behaviors (staying in the shade, wearing long-sleeved clothing, and applying sunscreen) and hypertension.

Method: The present cross-sectional study evaluated 8,613 participants (aged 20-60 years) from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) obtained between 2009 and 2014.

Establishment and comparison of piecewise linear regression models to measure thyroid volume by 2D and 3D ultrasound.

Objective: Compared thyroid volumes measured by 2-D and 3-D US with those of resected specimens and proposed new models to improve measurement accuracy.

Methods: This study included 80 patients who underwent total thyroidectomy. One 2D_model and one 3D_model were developed using piecewise linear regression analysis.

Development and validation of prediction models for the prognosis of colon cancer with lung metastases: a population-based cohort study.

Background: Current studies on the establishment of prognostic models for colon cancer with lung metastasis (CCLM) were lacking. This study aimed to construct and validate prediction models of overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) probability in CCLM patients.

Method: Data on 1,284 patients with CCLM were collected from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database.

Can the ultrasound microcystic pattern accurately predict borderline ovarian tumors?

Objective: To investigate whether the ultrasound microcystic pattern (MCP) can accurately predict borderline ovarian tumors (BOTs).

Methods: A retrospective collection of 393 patients who met the inclusion criteria was used as the study population. Indicators that could well identify BOT in different pathological types of tumors were derived by multivariate unordered logistic regression analysis.

Combination of Chinese herbal medicine and conventional western medicine for coronavirus disease 2019: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) plus conventional western medicine (CWM) in comparison with CWM against COVID-19.

Methods: We searched eight electronic databases and three trial registers spanning from January 1, 2020 to May 18, 2023. We included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing the effectiveness and safety of CHM plus CWM and CWM against COVID-19 in our study.

A novel benzothiazole derivative induces apoptosis via the mitochondrial intrinsic pathway producing antitumor activity in colorectal cancer.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignancies causing the third highest mortality rate in the world. It is particularly urgent to explore effective therapeutic strategies to overcome this disease. We identified a novel benzothiazole derivative (BTD) that may serve as a potentially effective agent against CRC.