The Effects of Near-Infrared Phototherapy Preirradiation on Lower-Limb Muscle Strength and Injury After Exercise: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Objective: To assess near-infrared preirradiation effects on postexercise lower-limb muscle damage and function and determine optimal dosage.

Data Sources: PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, EBSCO, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Wanfang Data were systematically searched (2009-2023).

Study Selection: Randomized controlled trials of near-infrared preirradiation on lower-limb muscles after fatigue exercise were incorporated into the meta-analysis.

How to Identify e-Cigarette Brands Available in the United States During 2020-2022: Development and Usability Study.

Background: Prior studies have demonstrated that the e-cigarette market contains a large number of brands. Identifying these existing e-cigarette brands is a key element of market surveillance, which will further assist in policy making and compliance checks.

Objective: To facilitate the surveillance of the diverse product landscape in the e-cigarette market, we constructed a semantic database of e-cigarette brands that have appeared in the US market as of 2020-2022.

Widespread distribution of human-infective Enterocytozoon bieneusi genotypes in small rodents in northeast China and phylogeny and zoonotic implications revisited.

Enterocytozoon bieneusi features high genetic diversity among host species and environmental sources and over 500 genotypes in 11 phylogenetic groups have been defined. Here we investigated 291 small rodents in Heilongjiang province, northeast China, for the presence of E. bieneusi by PCR of the ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS).

Use of Machine Learning Tools in Evidence Synthesis of Tobacco Use Among Sexual and Gender Diverse Populations: Algorithm Development and Validation.

Background: From 2016 to 2021, the volume of peer-reviewed publications related to tobacco has experienced a significant increase. This presents a considerable challenge in efficiently summarizing, synthesizing, and disseminating research findings, especially when it comes to addressing specific target populations, such as the LGBTQ+ (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, intersex, asexual, Two Spirit, and other persons who identify as part of this community) populations.

Objective: In order to expedite evidence synthesis and research gap discoveries, this pilot study has the following three aims: (1) to compile a specialized semantic database for tobacco policy research to extract information from journal article abstracts, (2) to develop natural language processing (NLP) algorithms that comprehend the literature on nicotine and tobacco product use among sexual and gender diverse populations, and (3) to compare the discoveries of the NLP algorithms with an ongoing systematic review of tobacco policy research among LGBTQ+ populations.

The associations between e-liquid characteristics and its pricing: Evidence from online vape shops.

Given the increase in electronic cigarette use during the past decade, the objectives of this study are to obtain comprehensive product-level information from online vape shops, which are one of the most common outlets for e-cigarette users to purchase vaping products, especially e-liquid products, and to examine the appeal of various e-liquid product attributes to consumers. We used web scraping and estimation of generalized estimating equation (GEE) models to obtain and analyze data from five popular online vape shops that sell nationwide across the US. The outcome measures are e-liquid pricing for the following e-liquid product attributes: nicotine concentration (in mg/ml), nicotine form (nicotine-free, freebase, or salt), vegetable glycerin/propylene glycol (VG/PG) ratio, and a variety of flavors.

Effect of low-dose lanthanum carbonate on calcium and phosphorus metabolism in Asian Patients with end-stage renal disease, maintenance hemodialysis and hyperphosphatemia.

Objective: This study aimed to examine whether a 12-week small-dose lanthanum carbonate (LaCO3; 500 mg/d) treatment could improve calcium and phosphorus metabolism and parathyroid function in Asian patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) under hemodialysis.

Methods: This was a prospective observational study of patients treated at our Hospital between 10/2014 and 02/2015. The patients were given 500 mg/d of LaCO3 with lunch for 12 weeks.

Price Promotions of E-Liquid Products Sold in Online Stores.

Background: Retailer price promotions are an important marketing strategy to attract consumers. However, there is scarce evidence on how retail price promotions are being implemented by e-cigarette online stores, particularly for e-liquid products that are not often found in brick-and-mortar stores and sold in lower prices compared to other types of e-cigarettes.

Objectives: We collect data on e-liquid price-promotion activities from online stores using web scraping.

Excise taxes and pricing activities of e-liquid products sold in online vape shops.

Background: Although e-cigarette excise taxes have great potential to prevent the initiation and escalation of e-cigarette use, little information is available on pricing activities of online vape shops, and how well taxation is implemented during web-based sales remains unclear.

Objectives: We examine e-liquid pricing activities in popular online vape shops that sell nationwide in the USA and present how those stores charge excise taxes based on shipping addresses in states and local jurisdictions that have e-cigarette taxation in place.

Methods: We collect e-liquid sales prices from five online vape shops using web data extraction, standardise prices for e-liquid products, and present e-liquid price distribution in the whole sample and in each store, as well as variations of excise taxes across states/local jurisdictions and between stores.

Changes in the Intestinal Microbiota in Patients with Stage 5 Chronic Kidney Disease on a Low-Protein Diet and the Effects of Human to Rat Fecal Microbiota Transplantation.

BACKGROUND Dietary protein restriction is recommended for patients with stage 5 chronic kidney disease (CKD), or end-stage renal disease (ESRD). This study aimed to investigate the changes in the intestinal microbiota due to different dietary regimens in patients with stage 5 CKD and the effects of human to rat fecal microbiota transplantation. MATERIAL AND METHODS Second-generation high-throughput sequencing was used to analyze the amplifiers in the 16S rRNA V4 region in the intestinal microbiota of patients with stage 5 CKD and healthy individuals.