Pigmented pathological type and depth of follicular extension as predictors of treatment failure in 5-aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy for actinic keratosis: A retrospective, matched nested case-control study.

Background: While 5-Aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy (ALA-PDT) is widely used to treat actinic keratosis (AK), treatment resistance and recurrence after ALA-PDT remain significant clinical challenges.

Methods: This single-site, retrospective, matched case-control study included 119 patients with histologically confirmed AK to identify clinical and pathological predictors for effectiveness of ALA-PDT. Patients received four consecutive ALA-PDT sessions at intervals of 1 or 2 weeks.

Fault diagnosis of reducers based on digital twins and deep learning.

A new method was proposed to address fault diagnosis by applying the digital twin (DT) high-fidelity behavior and the deep learning (DL) data mining capabilities. Subsequently, the proposed fault distribution GAN (FDGAN) was built to map virtual and physical entities for the data from the established test platform. Finally, the MobileViG was employed to validate the model and diagnose faults.

Investigating the Impact of Robotic Milling Parameters on the Surface Roughness of Al-Alloy Fabricated by Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing.

This paper takes the single-wall wall manufactured by wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) as the research object and compares it with the as-cast aluminum alloy with the same series. By using feed rate, cutting depth, spindle speed, etc., as single or compound parameters, the machinability of the sample is analyzed.

Autologous Cultured Tissue Engineering Epidermal Sheet Transplantation to Treat Vitiligo of the Hands.

Background: Despite numerous therapeutic modalities for vitiligo, their efficacy varies. Managing vitiligo affecting the hands poses a particularly intricate challenge, with outcomes trailing those in other anatomical regions.

Objective: Assess the determinants influencing the efficacy and safety of autocultured tissue engineering epidermal sheets transplantation in treating hand vitiligo, observed over a 6-month follow-up period.

Active Vibration Avoidance Method for Variable Speed Welding in Robotic Friction Stir Welding Based on Constant Heat Input.

Robotic Friction Stir Welding (RFSW) technology integrates the advantages of friction stir welding and industrial robots, finding extensive applications and research in aerospace, shipbuilding, and new energy vehicles. However, the high-speed rotational process of friction stir welding combined with the low stiffness characteristics of serial industrial robots inevitably introduces vibrations during the welding process. This paper investigates the vibration patterns and impacts during the RFSW process and proposes an active vibration avoidance control method for variable speed welding based on constant heat input.

Adipose mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomes attenuated hyperoxia-induced lung injury in neonatal rats via inhibiting the NF-κB signaling pathway.

Objective: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is the most common chronic morbidity in extremely preterm infants. Mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomes (MSC-Exos) therapies have shown prospects in animal models of BPD. Our study aimed to evaluate the effect of adipose mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomes (AMSC-Exos) on BPD and the role of the NF-κB signaling pathway in this process.

The Treatment of Refractory Vitiligo With Autologous Cultured Epithelium Grafting: A Real-World Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background: Surgical intervention is the main therapy for refractory vitiligo. We developed a modified autologous cultured epithelial grafting (ACEG) technique for vitiligo treatment. Between January 2015 and June 2019, a total of 726 patients with vitiligo underwent ACEG in China, with patient characteristics and clinical factors being meticulously documented.

FTO attenuates TNF-α-induced damage of proximal tubular epithelial cells in acute pancreatitis-induced acute kidney injury via targeting AQP3 in an N6-methyladenosine-dependent manner.

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a frequent complication of severe acute pancreatitis (SAP). Previous investigations have revealed the involvement of FTO alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase (FTO) and aquaporin 3 (AQP3) in AKI. Therefore, the aim of this study is to explore the association of FTO and AQP3 on proximal tubular epithelial cell damage in SAP-induced AKI.

Extraction, purification, structural characterization, and bioactivities of the genus Schisandra polysaccharides: A review.

The genus Schisandra, a member of the Magnoliaceae family, is a well-known tonic traditional Chinese medicine with a long history of traditional medicinal and functional food used in China. Polysaccharides are one of its main active constituents, which have a wide range of bioactivities, such as anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, neuroprotection, anti-diabetes, hepatoprotection, immunomodulation, and anti-fatigue. In this paper, we review the extraction, isolation, purification, structural characterization, bioactivities, as well as structure-activity relationship of polysaccharides from the genus Schisandra.

Photocatalytic Sulfonyl Peroxidation of Alkenes via Deamination of -Sulfonyl Ketimines.

A photocatalytic three-component sulfonyl peroxidation of alkenes with -sulfonyl ketimines and -butyl hydroperoxide is reported. The reaction takes place via the photoinduced EnT process, which allows the efficient synthesis of a variety of β-peroxyl sulfones under mild reaction conditions in the absence of a transition metal catalyst. The downstream derivatizations of the peroxides were also performed.

Intravenous thrombolysis in acute ischemic stroke patients with pre-stroke disability: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Intravenous thrombolysis (IVT), which is safe and effective, is the first-line therapy for acute ischemic stroke (AIS). However, its benefit for AIS patients with pre-stroke disability (PSD) is controversial.

Objective: We determined the association of PSD with the safety and efficacy of IVT among patients with AIS.

Digital Twin Virtual Welding Approach of Robotic Friction Stir Welding Based on Co-Simulation of FEA Model and Robotic Model.

Robotic friction stir welding has become an important research direction in friction stir welding technology. However, the low stiffness of serial industrial robots leads to substantial, difficult-to-measure end-effector deviations under the welding forces during the friction stir welding process, impacting the welding quality. To more effectively measure the deviations in the end-effector, this study introduces a digital twin model based on the five-dimensional digital twin theory.

Single-cell sequencing reveals increased LAMB3-positive basal keratinocytes and ZNF90-positive fibroblasts in autologous cultured epithelium.

Autologous cultured epithelium grafting (ACEG) presents a promising treatment for refractory vitiligo, yet concerns regarding infections and immunological reactions hinder its surgical use due to serum and feeder dependencies. Addressing this, we culture autologous epithelium under serum- and feeder-free (SFF) conditions, comparing its safety and efficacy with serum- and feeder-dependent (SFD) conditions in stable vitiligo patients, and we discover no significant differences in repigmentation between the SFF and SFD grafts. Single-cell RNA transcriptomics on SFF- and SFD-cultured epithelium alongside healthy skin reveal increased populations of LAMB3+ basal keratinocytes and ZNF90+ fibroblasts in the SFF sheets.

Real-world safety and efficacy endovascular treatment versus standard medical treatment for basilar artery occlusion: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: We acknowledge that between endovascular treatment (EVT) has emerged as a promising therapeutic approach, with some evidence of benefits observed in clinical trials. However, there remains a significant gap in the evidence regarding the real-world application and effectiveness of EVT.The objective of this study was to comprehensively evaluate the safety and efficacy differences between EVT and standard medical treatment (SMT) in patients with basilar artery occlusion(BAO).

Upregulation of mitochondrial PGK1 by ROS-TBC1D15 pathway promotes neuronal death after oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation injury.

Phosphoglycerate kinase 1 (PGK1) is extensively located in the cytosol and mitochondria. The role of PGK1 in ischemic neuronal injury remains elusive. In the in vitro model of oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R), we showed that PGK1 expression was increased in cortical neurons.

Surfeit Locus Protein 4 as a Novel Target for Therapeutic Intervention in Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury.

Surfeit locus protein 4 (SURF4) functions as a cargo receptor that is capable of transporting newly formed proteins from the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum into vesicles and Golgi bodies. However, the role of SURF4 in the central nervous system remains unclear. The aim of this study is to investigate the role of SURF4 and its underlying mechanisms in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in rats, and whether it can be used effectively for novel therapeutic intervention.

Mechanisms of Gravitational Influence on Weld Pool Behavior and Weld Bead Performance in Variable Polarity Plasma Arc Welding across Different Welding Position.

This article comprehensively explores the cross-scale effects of gravity on macroscopic flow formation and weld bead formation in variable polarity plasma arc welding. Gravity-induced changes in welding direction were achieved through welding at different spatial positions. The properties of the weld bead were investigated at various spatial locations.

Decreased syntaxin17 expression contributes to the pathogenesis of acute pancreatitis in murine models by impairing autophagic degradation.

Acute pancreatitis (AP) is an inflammatory disease of the exocrine pancreas. Disruptions in organelle homeostasis, including macroautophagy/autophagy dysfunction and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, have been implicated in human and rodent pancreatitis. Syntaxin 17 (STX17) belongs to the soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor (SNARE) subfamily.

Electrochemical Trifluoromethylation and Sulfonylation of -Allylamides: Synthesis of Oxazoline Derivatives.

We report a new method for the synthesis of trifluoromethylated and sulfonylated oxazolines by electrochemical radical cascade cyclizations of -allylamides with sodium trifluoromethanesulfinate or sulfonylhydrazines. This protocol provides a green and useful strategy to synthesize trifluoromethylated and sulfonylated oxazolines with a broad substrate scope under ambient conditions.

Determination of Flavonoid Compounds in Shanxi Aged Vinegars Based on Hydrophobic Deep Eutectic Solvent VALLME-HPLC Method: Assessment of the Environmental Impact of the Developed Method.

This research presents a novel, eco-friendly, vortex-assisted liquid-liquid microextraction (VALLME) approach, integrating hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents (DESs) with HPLC for the identification and quantification of nine specific flavonoids in Shanxi aged vinegar (SAV). The parameters of DES-VALLME, including the ratio of trioctylmethylammonium chloride to 1,4-butanediol (1:6), DES volume (150 μL), vortex duration (5 min), the concentration of NaCl (0.40 g), and centrifugation time (10 min), were optimized to achieve the maximum extraction efficiency of target substances.

Effect of Mechanical Stirring on High-Speed GMAW Hump Bead.

High-speed GMAW tends to be accompanied by periodic humping defects, thereby reducing the weld bead quality. A new method was proposed to actively control the weld pool flow for eliminating humping defects. A high-melting point solid pin was designed and inserted into the weld pool to stir the liquid metal during the welding process.

Different doses of dual orexin receptor antagonists in primary insomnia: a Bayesian network analysis.

Systematic comparisons of the doses of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved dual orexin receptor antagonists (DORAs) for people with insomnia are limited. PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Clinicaltrials. gov were systematically searched to identify relevant studies published before 31 October 2022.

Subthalamic nucleus stimulation attenuates motor seizures via modulating the nigral orexin pathway.

Background: Focal motor seizures that originate in the motor region are a considerable challenge because of the high risk of permanent motor deficits after resection. Deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus (STN-DBS) is a potential treatment for motor epilepsy that may enhance the antiepileptic actions of the substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNr). Orexin and its receptors have a relationship with both STN-DBS and epilepsy.