Root-associated microbial diversity and metabolomics in maize resistance to stalk rot.

As one of the three major food crops in the world, maize plays a significant role in alleviating the food crisis. Maize stalk rot can reduce maize yield and mechanical harvesting efficiency. In addition, mycotoxins such as Deoxynivalenol (DON) and Zearalenone (ZEN) produced by maize stalk rot pathogens can also harm livestock and human health.

Rational design of azo-aminopyrimidine derivatives as the potent lepidoptera-exclusive chitinase inhibitors.

Ostrinia furnacalis (O. furnacalis) is a commonly occurring agricultural pest that can severely impact corn yield and quality. Therefore, establishing and implementing effective control methods against O.

Modification of Azo-Aminopyrimidines as Potent Multitarget Inhibitors of Insect Chitinolytic Enzymes OChi-h and OHex1.

Multitarget inhibitors exhibit significant advantages in reducing the risk of drug resistance, enhancing therapeutic efficacy, and minimizing dosage, outperforming multicomponent combination drugs. On the basis of glycoside hydrolase family 18 (GH18) chitinases and GH20 β--acetylhexosaminidase using the same substrate-assisted catalytic mechanism and similar substrate binding modes, a series of novel azo-aminopyrimidine compounds have been designed and synthesized as multitarget inhibitors targeting chitinolytic enzymes OChi-h and OHex1. Compounds (OChi-h, = 29.

Validation of shikimate dehydrogenase as the herbicidal target of drupacine and screening of target-based compounds with high herbicidal activity.

The discovery of new targets and lead compounds is the key to developing new pesticides. The herbicidal target of drupacine has been identified as shikimate dehydrogenase (SkDH). However, the mechanism of interaction between them remains unclear.

Analysis of electroencephalography characteristics during walking in stroke patients under different conditions: a cross-sectional study.

Backward walking is gaining traction in rehabilitation therapy, showing promise as an intervention for stroke patients with walking difficulties. However, the brain activity patterns (neurophysiological mechanisms) underlying backward walking in these patients remain unclear. This study investigated the neurophysiological mechanism in stroke patients within 1 year of their stroke.

Discovery of Aldehyde Dehydrogenase as a Potential Fungicide Target and Screening of its Natural Inhibitors against .

is the primary pathogen causing ear rot and stalk rot in corn (). It not only affects yields but also produces mycotoxins endangering both human and animal health. Aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) is essential for the oxidation of aldehydes in living organisms, making it a potential target for human drug design.

Health Care Provider Clustering Using Fusion Penalty in Quasi-Likelihood.

There has been growing research interest in developing methodology to evaluate the health care providers' performance with respect to a patient outcome. Random and fixed effects models are traditionally used for such a purpose. We propose a new method, using a fusion penalty to cluster health care providers based on quasi-likelihood.

Advances in novel biomaterials combined with traditional Chinese medicine rehabilitation technology in treatment of peripheral nerve injury.

Peripheral nerve injuries (PNI) represent one of the primary neuropathies leading to lifelong disability. Nerve regeneration and targeted muscle atrophy stand as the two most crucial factors influencing functional rehabilitation post peripheral nerve injury. Over time, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) rehabilitation approaches such as acupuncture, Tuina, and microneedles serve as pivot means to activate the regeneration of injured nerve Schwann cells.

Effect of robot-assisted gait training on improving cardiopulmonary function in stroke patients: a meta-analysis.

Objective: Understanding the characteristics related to cardiorespiratory fitness after stroke can provide reference values for patients in clinical rehabilitation exercise. This meta- analysis aimed to investigate the effect of robot-assisted gait training in improving cardiorespiratory fitness in post-stroke patients, compared to conventional rehabilitation training.

Methods: PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, CBM, CNKI and Wanfang databases were searched until March 18th, 2024.

Effectiveness of Yijinjing on cognitive and motor functions in patients with Parkinson's disease: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder that affects motor and non-motor functions, significantly reducing patients' quality of life. No effective drug-based treatments are known to solve this problem. Non-drug therapies such as Yijinjing exercise have shown potential in improving cognitive and motor functions in PD patients.

Identification of highly active compounds from insecticidal plant Oroxylum indicum L. (Vent.) and the induction of apoptosis by lapachol on Sf9 cells.

The extraction of biopesticides from plants has become a promising field for agricultural development. To explore a high-efficiency and viable method for the screening of plant compounds with insecticidal activity, we screened for active ingredients in the insecticidal plant, Oroxylum indicum L. Vent, using Sf9 cells.

Identification of Triazolo-quinazolinone Derivatives as Novel and Potent Chitinase Chi-h Inhibitors Based on Structure-Based Virtual Screening.

Insect chitinase, Chi-h, from , is considered as a promising target for the development of green pesticides. On the basis of the crystal structure of Chi-h, we successfully obtained a triazolo-quinazolinone scaffold as the novel class of Chi-h inhibitor via a structure-based virtual screening approach. Rational compound screening enabled us to acquire a potent Chi-h inhibitor with a value of 0.

2,4-Di-tert-butylphenol and 7-hydroxy-3-(2-methylpropyl)-2,3,6,7,8,8a-hexahydropyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazine-1,4-dione: two natural products from Serratia marcescens Ha1 and their herbicidal activities.

Background: Weeds are one of the critical factors that negatively affect crop yield and quality. Microbial herbicides are a research hotspot for novel herbicides owing to their environmental safety and lack of weed resistance. In the current study, the active ingredients of Serratia marcescens Ha1, a new microbial herbicide, were investigated for their effectiveness against agricultural weeds using bioassay-guided fractionation.

Natural product drupacine acting on a novel herbicidal target shikimate dehydrogenase.

Natural products are one of the important sources for the creation of new pesticides. Drupacine ((1R,11S,12S,13R,15S)-13-methoxy-5,7,21-trioxa-19-azahexacyclo[11.7.

Tuina therapy promotes behavioral improvement and brain plasticity in rats with peripheral nerve injury and repair.

Introduction: Tuina is currently one of the popular complementary and alternative methods of rehabilitation therapy. Tuina can improve patients' pain and mobility function. However, the underlying physiological mechanism remains largely unknown, which might limit its further popularization in clinical practice.

Healthcare center clustering for Cox's proportional hazards model by fusion penalty.

There has been growing research interest in developing methodology to evaluate healthcare centers' performance with respect to patient outcomes. Conventional assessments can be conducted using fixed or random effects models, as seen in provider profiling. We propose a new method, using fusion penalty to cluster healthcare centers with respect to a survival outcome.

Effects of cortico-cortical paired associative stimulation based on multisensory integration to brain network connectivity in stroke patients: study protocol for a randomized doubled blind clinical trial.

Introduction: Brain has a spontaneous recovery after stroke, reflecting the plasticity of the brain. Currently, TMS is used for studies of single-target brain region modulation, which lacks consideration of brain networks and functional connectivity. Cortico-cortical paired associative stimulation (ccPAS) promotes recovery of motor function.

A Fluorescent Probe Based on the Hydrazone Schiff Base for the Detection of Zn and its Application on Test Strips.

A novel fluorescent probe SHK for Zn detection was designed based on the hydrazone Schiff base, successfully synthesized by Suzuki coupling and condensation reactions. The probe SHK in DMSO/HO showed extremely weak fluorescence. However, the solution exhibited an intensive yellow-green emission with the introduction of Zn.

Herbicidal Active Compound Ferulic Acid Ethyl Ester Affects Fatty Acid Synthesis by Targeting the 3-Ketoacyl-Acyl Carrier Protein Synthase I (KAS I).

Exploring new herbicide targets based on natural product derivatives is an important research aspect for the generation of innovative pesticides. Ferulic acid ethyl ester (FAEE), a natural product derivative from ferulic acid, has significant herbicidal activity mainly by inhibiting the normal growth of weed seedling roots. However, the FAEE target protein underlying its herbicidal activity has not been identified.

Potent insecticidal activity of Eleocharis dulcis (Burm. f.) Trin peel extract and its main components against aphids.

Background: Aphids are significant pests of cash crops and food farm crops. Botanical insecticides are safe for aphid control, especially for organic farming. In this study, Eleocharis dulcis (Burm.

Total neoadjuvant therapy versus standard therapy in locally advanced rectal cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis of 15 trials.

Background: Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) before total mesorectal excision (TME) and followed systemic chemotherapy is widely accepted as the standard therapy for locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC). This meta-analysis was to evaluate the current evidence regarding nCRT in combination with induction or consolidation chemotherapy for rectal cancer in terms of oncological outcomes.

Methods: A systematic search of medical databases (PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane Library) was conducted up to the end of July 1, 2021.

Discovery of Azo-Aminopyrimidines as Novel and Potent Chitinase OChi-h Inhibitors via Structure-Based Virtual Screening and Rational Lead Optimization.

Chitinase OChi-h, from the destructive agricultural pest , is considered as a promising target for green pest control and management. In this study, structure-based virtual screening and rational molecular optimization led to the synthesis of a series of azo-aminopyrimidine derivatives as a novel class of OChi-h inhibitors. Among them, the most potent compound , with a benzyl on the amino group at the 4-position of pyrimidine, exhibited a value of 64.

A fusion learning method to subgroup analysis of Alzheimer's disease.

Uncovering the heterogeneity in the disease progression of Alzheimer's is a key factor to disease understanding and treatment development, so that interventions can be tailored to target the subgroups that will benefit most from the treatment, which is an important goal of precision medicine. However, in practice, one top methodological challenge hindering the heterogeneity investigation is that the true subgroup membership of each individual is often unknown. In this article, we aim to identify latent subgroups of individuals who share a common disorder progress over time, to predict latent subgroup memberships, and to estimate and infer the heterogeneous trajectories among the subgroups.

Functional Roles of Non-coding RNAs in the Interaction Between Host and Influenza A Virus.

Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are extensively expressed in various cells and tissues, and studies have shown that ncRNAs play significant roles in cell regulation. However, in the past few decades, the knowledge of ncRNAs has been increased dramatically due to their transcriptional ability and multiple regulatory functions. Typically, regulatory ncRNAs include long ncRNAs (lncRNAs), miRNAs, piRNAs, Y RNAs, vault RNAs, and circular RNAs (circRNAs), etc.

The adjuvant effects of rosin and coconut oil on nicosulfuron and mesotrione to control weeds.

Natural adjuvants are novel options to reduce the doses of chemical herbicides. The aim of the current study was to examine the compositions and adjuvant effects of rosin and coconut oil on herbicides using a combination of indoor experiment and field trial. The GC-MS results showed that the main component of rosin was abietic acid (40.